發(fā)布時間：2018-04-27 19:32

  本文選題：煤礦水害 + 致災水源��； 參考：《西安科技大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：礦井水害是我國大多數(shù)煤礦普遍存在的重大安全問題,也是煤礦長期以來難以解決的一大難題。鑒于煤礦水害類型的多樣性和致災機理的復雜性,本文重點選取了頂板含水層(體)水害、底板承壓水害和老空水害三種具有一定隱蔽性的水害類型,并相應的以陜西省玉華煤礦、董家河煤礦和建北煤礦為具體研究對象,圍繞頂、底板巖層以及采空區(qū)隔水煤柱由于采掘破壞誘發(fā)突水而展開研究。在頂板含水層(體)水害致災機理研究方面:以玉華煤礦為例,分析其頂板突水特征和突水條件,并以1412工作面為地質原型,利用UDEC軟件模擬4-2號煤層在采動過程中覆巖垮落變形、離層發(fā)育及導水裂隙帶發(fā)育過程,同時運用關鍵層理論具體分析頂板離層空間發(fā)育位置和導水裂隙帶最高發(fā)育層位。從致災水源、致災通道及致災過程三個方面綜合分析煤層頂板含水層(體)水害的致災機理,并提出頂板離層水的預測方法。在底板承壓水致災機理研究方面:以董家河煤礦為例,分析煤層底板含水層特征及突水介質條件,并以22507工作面為地質原型,利用FLAC3D軟件模擬5號煤層回采工作面不同推進距離、不同煤層埋深和不同工作面傾向長度條件下底板巖層垂直應力變化、垂直位移變化和塑性破壞區(qū)分布規(guī)律,綜合分析確定底板的最大破壞深度。從致災水源、致災通道及致災過程三個方面分析總結底板承壓水害的致災機理。在老空水害致災機理研究方面:以建北煤礦為例,從充水水源、充水通道和聚水空間三個方面研究一盤區(qū)采空區(qū)積水的形成機制,并建立建北煤礦一盤區(qū)采空區(qū)積水動態(tài)預計模型。從致災水源、致災通道和致災過程三個方面總結采空區(qū)積水的致災機理,并對回風大巷與一盤區(qū)北部101工作面回風順槽間防隔水煤柱安全性進行了評價,對一、三盤區(qū)防隔水煤柱的合理留設寬度進行了確定。本文對煤礦水害的致災機理的研究中,所得到的多個模擬實驗結果、理論分析結果均與實測結果進行了驗證,所得結論具有一定的可靠性。希望對今后各類煤礦水害防治措施的制定提供一定的技術參考。
[Abstract]:Mine water hazard is a major safety problem in most coal mines in China, and it is also a difficult problem to solve for a long time. In view of the diversity of water hazard types in coal mines and the complexity of disaster mechanism, this paper focuses on the selection of three types of water hazards with certain concealment, such as roof aquifer (body) water hazard, bottom pressure water hazard and old air water hazard. Taking Yuhua Coal Mine, Dongjiahe Coal Mine and Jianbei Coal Mine in Shaanxi Province as the specific research objects, the research is carried out around the roof, floor strata and water-separated coal pillar in goaf due to the water inrush induced by excavation damage. In the aspect of water disaster mechanism of roof aquifer (body): taking Yuhua coal mine as an example, the characteristics and conditions of roof water inrush are analyzed, and 1412 face is taken as geological prototype. In this paper, UDEC software is used to simulate the overburden collapse deformation, the development of the separation layer and the development of the water-conducting fissure zone in the mining process of the 4-2 coal seam. At the same time, the spatial development position of the roof dissociation layer and the highest developed horizon of the water-conducting fissure zone are analyzed by using the key layer theory. The mechanism of water disaster caused by coal seam roof aquifer (body) is comprehensively analyzed from three aspects: water source, disaster channel and disaster process, and the prediction method of roof water is put forward. In the aspect of research on the mechanism of floor pressure water disaster, taking Dongjiahe coal mine as an example, the characteristics of coal seam floor aquifer and the condition of water inrush medium are analyzed, and the geological prototype of 22507 face is taken as the geological prototype. FLAC3D software is used to simulate the variation of vertical stress, vertical displacement and distribution of plastic failure zone of floor rock under different propulsive distance, different seam depth and different inclined length of coal face in No. 5 coal seam. The maximum failure depth of the bottom plate is determined by comprehensive analysis. In this paper, the mechanism of water hazard caused by bottom plate pressure is analyzed and summarized from three aspects: water source, passage and process. In the aspect of the study on the mechanism of water hazard in old air, taking Jianbei coal mine as an example, the formation mechanism of water accumulation in goaf is studied from three aspects: water source, water filling channel and water accumulation space. A dynamic prediction model of water accumulation in goaf of Jianbei Coal Mine is established. This paper summarizes the mechanism of water accumulation in goaf from three aspects of water source, passage and process of disaster, and evaluates the safety of water-proof coal pillar between the return air roadway and the return air of 101 working face in the north of the area. The reasonable setting width of the water-proof coal pillar in the three-disk area is determined. In this paper, in the study of the mechanism of coal mine water disaster, many simulated experimental results have been obtained, and the theoretical analysis results have been verified with the measured results, and the conclusions obtained are reliable to a certain extent. It is hoped to provide some technical reference for the formulation of water hazard prevention measures in coal mines in the future.
【學位授予單位】：西安科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TD745

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