本文選題：新西蘭 + 碧玉�。� 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：新西蘭碧玉受國家政策保護(hù),原料不允許出口,只有加工成成品后才可以銷售和出口,新西蘭碧玉的商業(yè)發(fā)展史僅有30年左右。進(jìn)入中國市場時間短暫,卻因其顏色鮮艷、少水線、獨(dú)特的黑點(diǎn)和綠點(diǎn)設(shè)計深受消費(fèi)者喜愛。前人對新西蘭碧玉的研究較少,且研究樣品均來源于市場,具體產(chǎn)地不確定,未對新西蘭碧玉的寶石學(xué)特征進(jìn)行全面的分析研究。本文在獲取了準(zhǔn)確產(chǎn)地樣品的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用電子顯微鏡、掃描電鏡、電子探針、X射線粉晶衍射、紅外光譜分析、微量元素測試等現(xiàn)代測試方法對新西蘭碧玉的礦物學(xué)和寶石學(xué)特征進(jìn)行了較為全面的研究。新西蘭碧玉礦物礦區(qū)位于新西蘭南部地區(qū),其原生礦為蛇紋巖型礦床,呈透鏡體形式產(chǎn)出,由超基性巖蝕變而成。偏光顯微鏡下觀察,新西蘭碧玉的主要成分為透閃石,雜質(zhì)礦物為鈉長石、綠泥石、輝石以及砷鎳礦。透閃石顆粒細(xì)小,為纖維交織結(jié)構(gòu)。按粒度相對大小可分為斑狀變晶結(jié)構(gòu);按礦物顆粒大小分為細(xì)粒變晶結(jié)構(gòu)和微粒變晶結(jié)構(gòu);按礦物的結(jié)晶習(xí)性、形態(tài)及礦物顆粒之間的關(guān)系分為毛氈狀變晶結(jié)構(gòu)、顯微片狀變晶結(jié)構(gòu)、束狀變晶結(jié)構(gòu)及脈狀結(jié)構(gòu)。構(gòu)造主要為塊狀構(gòu)造,顆粒均向展布,不見片麻理、片理、線理等方向性構(gòu)造。電子探針分析結(jié)果表明新西蘭碧玉的主要礦物成分為透閃石,雜質(zhì)礦物為鈉長石、綠泥石、輝石及砷鎳礦。X射線粉晶衍射的結(jié)果與透閃石的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)譜一致;部分樣品中顯示鈉長石以及粘土礦物的衍射峰,未顯示砷鎳礦以及輝石的衍射峰,說明含量可能不到1%。掃描電鏡顯示,碧玉樣品中質(zhì)地最好、韌性最強(qiáng)、最不易斷裂和破碎的結(jié)構(gòu)為毛氈狀變晶結(jié)構(gòu),因為毛氈狀結(jié)構(gòu)中裂紋最不容易擴(kuò)展。LA-ICP-MS實(shí)驗發(fā)現(xiàn),Cr元素和Ni元素含量越高的樣品,其綠色越鮮艷。紅外光譜分析結(jié)果表明各地區(qū)碧玉之間紅外光譜大致相似,但存在微小差別。
[Abstract]:New Zealand Jasper is protected by national policy, raw materials are not allowed to export, only processed into finished products can be sold and exported, New Zealand Jasper business history of only about 30 years. Enter the Chinese market for a short time, but because of its bright colors, less waterline, unique black spots and green dot design by consumers. The previous researches on New Zealand Jasper are few, and the samples are all from the market, the specific origin is uncertain, and the Gemological characteristics of New Zealand Jasper have not been comprehensively analyzed. In this paper, on the basis of obtaining the exact samples from the origin, the X-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy were used to analyze the samples by means of electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, electron probe diffraction and X-ray diffraction. The mineralogical and gemological characteristics of New Zealand Jasper were studied by modern testing methods such as trace elements. The Jasper mineral deposit of New Zealand is located in the southern part of New Zealand. Its primary ore deposit is ophiolite type deposit, which is formed by ultrabasic rock alteration in the form of lens. Under polarizing microscope, the main composition of New Zealand Jasper is tremolite, impurity minerals are albite, chlorite, pyroxene and arsenic nickel. The tremolite particles are fine and interwoven. It can be divided into porphyry structure according to the relative size of grain size, fine grain structure and particle structure according to the size of mineral particle, and felt-shaped structure according to the crystallization habit of mineral, morphology and the relation between mineral particles. Microflake structure, bundle structure and vein structure. The structure is mainly block structure, grain distribution, missing lamellae, lamellar, linear and other directional structures. The results of electron probe analysis show that the main mineral composition of New Zealand Jasper is tremolite, and the impurity minerals are albite, chlorite, pyroxene and arsenicite. The X-ray powder diffraction results are consistent with the standard spectrum of tremolite. Some samples show diffraction peaks of albite and clay minerals, but no diffraction peaks of arsenicite and pyroxene, indicating that the content may be less than 1. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the texture of Jasper sample was the best, the toughness was the strongest, and the structure most difficult to fracture and broken was felt-shaped metamorphic structure. It is found that the higher the content of Cr and Ni, the brighter the green of the samples with the lowest crack propagation in the felt-like structure. LA-ICP-MS experiment shows that the higher the content of Cr and Ni is, the more bright the green is. The results of infrared spectrum analysis show that the infrared spectra of Jasper in different regions are similar, but there are slight differences.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P619.28

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本文編號：1799601