本文選題：大理巖 + 真三軸試驗　； 參考：《昆明理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著地下礦山開采深度的增加,巖爆對礦業(yè)生產(chǎn)的威脅有日益嚴重的趨勢。本文利用真三軸巖爆試驗系統(tǒng)模擬深部開采巷道圍巖的受力路徑,對大理巖進行不同卸載速率下的巖爆試驗,從變形特征、力學特性及碎屑特征等方面進行了巖爆特征的研究。主要得到以下結(jié)論:(1)通過對大理巖破壞后的應力-應變曲線和力學參數(shù)進行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)卸載速率對中間主應變的影響較小;巖爆是由擴容引起的,具有一定的突發(fā)性,卸載速率越大產(chǎn)生的擴容現(xiàn)象也就越嚴重;巖爆時的強度隨著卸載速率的降低而增大;由大理巖破壞后的形態(tài)可知,不同卸載速率下大理巖破壞后的裂紋與巖樣軸向加載方向平行,巖石的破碎程度隨著卸載速率的增大而增加,碎屑以片狀和條狀為主,屬于典型的劈裂破壞。(2)由聲發(fā)射特征分析可知,卸荷速率越大聲發(fā)射能量值也就越大,在加卸載階段巖石的聲發(fā)射能量、計數(shù)出現(xiàn)增長現(xiàn)象,聲發(fā)射計數(shù)出現(xiàn)的時間明顯早于聲發(fā)射產(chǎn)生能量的時間;依據(jù)RA值及RA-AF散點分布特征分析,得出不同卸載速率下的巖爆試驗產(chǎn)生的裂紋均為張剪復合裂紋,破壞時都以張裂紋為主。(3)通過對巖石的碎屑特征分析可知,卸載速率越高產(chǎn)生的粒徑小的碎屑顆粒所占的比例也就越高,產(chǎn)生的巖爆也就越劇烈;按長度/寬度/厚度--數(shù)量計算的分維數(shù)值離散型最小,可作為巖爆碎屑分維值的優(yōu)先衡量指標;分維值大小與破碎的難度呈正相關(guān)性,隨著卸載速率的降低其值基本呈減小趨勢。基于真三軸巖爆試驗系統(tǒng),對大理巖進行卸載巖爆試驗,再現(xiàn)了開挖卸荷誘發(fā)巖爆的過程。深入研究了高應力卸荷狀態(tài)下巖爆的強度、變形特性、聲發(fā)射特征、碎屑分形特征,研究成果可為今后的巖爆試驗研究及實際工程的應用提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:With the increase of mining depth in underground mines, the threat of rock burst to mining production is becoming more and more serious. In this paper, the true triaxial rock burst test system is used to simulate the stress path of surrounding rock in deep mining roadway, and the rock burst test of marble under different unloading rates is carried out. The characteristics of rock burst are studied from deformation characteristics, mechanical characteristics and clastic characteristics. By analyzing the stress-strain curves and mechanical parameters of marbles after failure, it is found that the unloading rate has little effect on the intermediate principal strain, and the rockburst is caused by the expansion of the capacity and has a certain sudden onset. The larger the unloading rate, the more serious the capacity expansion is. The strength of rock burst increases with the decrease of unloading rate. At different unloading rates, the cracking of marble is parallel to the axial loading direction of rock samples, and the degree of rock fragmentation increases with the increase of unloading rate. According to the analysis of acoustic emission characteristics, the louder the unloading rate is, the higher the energy value is, and the increasing phenomenon of acoustic emission energy of rock during loading and unloading stage. According to the analysis of RA value and the distribution characteristic of RA-AF divergence point, it is concluded that the cracks produced in the rockburst test at different unloading rates are tension-shear composite cracks. Through the analysis of the clastic characteristics of the rocks, it can be seen that the higher the unloading rate, the higher the proportion of the smaller grain size and the more violent the rock burst. The numerical discretization of fractal dimension calculated according to length / width / thickness is the smallest, which can be used as a priority index for the fractal dimension of rock burst, and the fractal dimension is positively correlated with the difficulty of fragmentation. With the decrease of the unloading rate, the value of the unloading rate is basically decreasing. Based on the true triaxial rock burst test system, the unloading rockburst test of marble is carried out, and the process of rock burst induced by excavation unloading is reappeared. In this paper, the strength, deformation, acoustic emission and fractal characteristics of rock burst under high stress unloading state are studied. The results can be used for reference in the future experimental research and practical engineering application.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD313

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