本文選題：井下定位 + 數(shù)據(jù)融合　； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：以物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)為框架主體的信息化技術(shù)正推動鉛鋅礦礦山建設(shè)的持續(xù)發(fā)展。現(xiàn)有鉛鋅礦井下定位系統(tǒng)、井下安全指標(biāo)傳感采集系統(tǒng)及井下安全評估系統(tǒng)所存在的缺陷和不足,已成為制約提高礦井安全生產(chǎn)水平的瓶頸問題,研究開發(fā)能夠滿足鉛鋅礦礦井需求的綜合安全系統(tǒng)十分必要。當(dāng)?shù)V井發(fā)生緊急情況或?yàn)?zāi)害時,鉛鋅礦礦井下人員及重要設(shè)備的位置信息無法實(shí)時并精確的確定,而針對現(xiàn)有的區(qū)域定位系統(tǒng),并不能使搶險(xiǎn)救援得到有效的信息支持；鉛鋅礦礦井中缺乏覆蓋礦井的感知網(wǎng)絡(luò),存在感知盲點(diǎn),無法保證鉛鋅礦安全生產(chǎn)的需求；鉛鋅礦井下雖然部署了大量安全指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)采集傳感器(例如有害氣體濃度、塌方參數(shù)等),但傳感數(shù)據(jù)冗余大,缺乏相關(guān)安全指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)的綜合關(guān)聯(lián)分析,造成各類數(shù)據(jù)和各個系統(tǒng)之間的孤立,不能聯(lián)動進(jìn)行處理,應(yīng)用層面缺乏智能性；鉛鋅礦井下缺乏整體動態(tài)安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估機(jī)制,不能實(shí)時對鉛鋅礦礦井安全做出一個合理的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估。本文針對鉛鋅礦井下綜合安全評估系統(tǒng)的缺失問題,首先對井下人員和重要設(shè)備安裝定位器件,實(shí)時獲取位置信息；其次對鉛鋅礦井下多種重要安全指標(biāo)進(jìn)行傳感采集,并對采集數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)融合以實(shí)現(xiàn)井下安全動態(tài)分析監(jiān)測的目的；利用井下人員和重要設(shè)備定位信息以及井下采集的重要安全指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù),試圖建立一個實(shí)驗(yàn)性的鉛鋅礦井下風(fēng)險(xiǎn)動態(tài)模糊評估系統(tǒng)。本文在前人研究的關(guān)于精確定位技術(shù)、數(shù)據(jù)融合技術(shù)以及模糊評估技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)上,著重進(jìn)行了鉛鋅礦井下定位誤差修正與實(shí)驗(yàn)、井下多源異構(gòu)傳感器數(shù)據(jù)融合技術(shù)以及井下安全動態(tài)模糊評估技術(shù)三個方面的研究。本文取得的主要工作成果和創(chuàng)新包括：(1)針對目前鉛鋅礦井下人員和設(shè)備定位系統(tǒng)的不足,提出對井下定位系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行改進(jìn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)。首先對鉛鋅礦井下電磁波在不同橫截面巷道傳輸衰減造成的定位模型誤差進(jìn)行分析和修正,并采用MATLAB軟件搭建定位模擬仿真環(huán)境,根據(jù)實(shí)際測量得到的鉛鋅礦井下數(shù)據(jù),分別對定位原模型和修正模型的均方誤差MSE(Mean Square Error)和均方根誤差RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)進(jìn)行分析,并通過比較定位模型的定位坐標(biāo)與實(shí)際坐標(biāo),以及均方根誤差RMSE的比較,對仿真定位模型準(zhǔn)確率進(jìn)行了分析評價。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示建立的仿真定位系統(tǒng)的定位效果可以滿足實(shí)際的需求,誤差修正對井下定位有一定的促進(jìn)作用。(2)針對目前鉛鋅礦井下缺乏對多種數(shù)據(jù)源且結(jié)構(gòu)不同的安全指標(biāo)傳感數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行綜合處理的解決方案,本文提出應(yīng)該對鉛鋅礦井下的多源異質(zhì)異構(gòu)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)采集的安全指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行融合處理,以便從綜合處理的過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律,進(jìn)行更深層次的分析。首先研究了基于分層的鉛鋅礦井下實(shí)時應(yīng)急多源異質(zhì)異構(gòu)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)融合協(xié)議,該協(xié)議分為自適應(yīng)加權(quán)同質(zhì)同類傳感器數(shù)據(jù)級融合,BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)異質(zhì)異構(gòu)傳感器特征級融合,D-S證據(jù)理論的決策級融合三層。通過仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了提出的融合結(jié)構(gòu)的可靠性,且融合方案改善了數(shù)據(jù)融合性能。(3)針對目前鉛鋅礦井下缺乏全面的安全分析評估系統(tǒng),基于(1)和(2)采集的人員和設(shè)備位置信息以及井下的動態(tài)安全指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù),提出利用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估方法設(shè)計(jì)動態(tài)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價模型。首先研究并構(gòu)建了基于Fuzzy-灰關(guān)聯(lián)方法的礦井安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)排序和分級評價模型。針對鉛鋅礦井下安全評估技術(shù)應(yīng)用需求,提出了鉛鋅礦安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價指標(biāo),構(gòu)建了基于Fuzzy-灰關(guān)聯(lián)方法的礦井安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)排序和分級評價模型,并將此模型與基于Fuzzy TOPSIS風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價模型在相同的指標(biāo)體系下進(jìn)行對比。通過實(shí)驗(yàn),證實(shí)本文提出的fuzzy-灰關(guān)聯(lián)模型對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的敏感程度更高、不同的打分態(tài)度下對于評價結(jié)果影響較小等特性。
[Abstract]:Information technology to networking technology for the main framework is to promote the sustainable development of lead-zinc mine construction. The existing positioning system in lead-zinc mine, mine safety index and sensor acquisition system of underground safety assessment of defects and deficiency of the system, has become a bottleneck which restricts the improvement of the level of safety production in coal mine, research and development to meet the comprehensive security system the need of mine lead-zinc mine is necessary. When the mine emergency or disaster, the location information of underground personnel lead-zinc mines and important equipment to real-time and accurate determination, and according to the existing regional positioning system, and can effectively rescue information support; mine lead-zinc mine lack of coverage in wireless sensor networks the perception, blind spots, can not guarantee the safe production of lead zinc ore demand; although the deployment of a large number of lead-zinc mine safety index data The sensor (such as the concentration of harmful gases, etc., but the landslide parameters) sensor data redundancy, lack of comprehensive analysis of related safety index data, cause all kinds of data and each system can not be isolated, linkage processing, application level and lack of intelligence; lack of overall dynamic security risk assessment mechanism in lead-zinc mine, make a a reasonable risk assessment for mine lead-zinc mine safety can not be real-time. In this paper, aiming at the problem of lack of comprehensive safety assessment system in lead-zinc mine, the mine personnel and equipment installation and positioning device, real-time access location information; secondly, the sensor acquisition in lead-zinc mine several important safety indicators, and the collection of data to realize the integration of underground the purpose of monitoring the safety of dynamic analysis; use of underground personnel and equipment important location information and to mine safety The dynamic risk index data, trying to build an experimental lead-zinc mine under fuzzy evaluation system. Based on the previous research on the precise positioning technology, data fusion technology and the fuzzy based assessment techniques, mainly focuses on the lead-zinc mine positioning error correction and experiment, multi-source heterogeneous sensor data fusion technology and underground mine safety dynamic fuzzy evaluation Study on the three aspects of technology. The main work and innovation include: (1) in view of the current shortage of lead-zinc mine personnel and equipment positioning system, put forward to the underground positioning system was improved and the experiment. First carries on the analysis and correction of lead-zinc mine electromagnetic waves in different cross section tunnel transmission attenuation positioning model the error caused, and using MATLAB software to build simulation environment according to the location, lead-zinc mine measured data, respectively. The mean square error of MSE positioning of the original model and the modified model (Mean Square Error) and the root mean square error of RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) were analyzed by comparing the positioning model and position coordinates and the actual coordinates, and the root mean square error of RMSE, the simulation model of positioning accuracy is analyzed. Experimental evaluation the results show the positioning effect simulation positioning system established can meet the actual demand, the error correction plays a certain role in promoting the underground location. (2) aiming at the lead-zinc mine solution to the lack of a variety of data sources and different structure safety index of sensing data, this paper puts forward the multi-source heterogeneous sensor network the safety index of data acquisition in lead-zinc mine for fusion processing, in order to find the rules from the process of comprehensive treatment, analysis of the deeper research firstly. The fusion protocol lead-zinc mine layered real-time emergency heterogeneous sensor networks based on multi-source data, the protocol is divided into adaptive weighted homogenous sensor data fusion, BP neural network is a heterogeneous sensor feature level fusion and decision level D-S evidence theory fusion three layer fusion structure is proposed. The reliability is verified by simulation results, and the fusion scheme improves the performance of data fusion. (3) aiming at the lead-zinc mine lack of comprehensive safety assessment system, based on (1) and (2) dynamic security index data collection information and the underground location of personnel and equipment, the paper puts forward the risk evaluation using the risk assessment method to design dynamic model. First, studied and constructed mine safety risk ranking and grading evaluation Fuzzy- gray relation model based on the method for lead-zinc mine safety assessment technology application demand, put forward lead Zinc mine safety risk evaluation index, construction of coal mine safety risk ranking and grading evaluation Fuzzy- gray correlation method based on the model, and this model is based on Fuzzy and TOPSIS risk assessment model were compared in the same index system. Through the experiment, confirmed the sensitivity of the fuzzy- grey relational model proposed in this paper for the higher risk, different the scoring attitude for the evaluation of the results of little effect and other characteristics.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TD67

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