本文選題：鑿巖用釬桿　切入點(diǎn)：入射應(yīng)力　出處：《遼寧科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：釬桿是井下鑿巖工作中消耗量最大的零件,是重要的“傳力系統(tǒng)”,其工作性能和使用壽命一直是人們最關(guān)注的性能指標(biāo)。釬桿的工作狀態(tài)極其復(fù)雜,在惡劣的環(huán)境下,既要受到活塞的高頻高強(qiáng)度沖擊,又要承受鑿巖機(jī)施加的扭矩,還要抵抗各類巖石的抗力及礦水的腐蝕。若鑿巖機(jī)的沖擊頻率與釬桿的固有頻率相同或接近,則會(huì)產(chǎn)生共振現(xiàn)象,在釬桿的徑向產(chǎn)生很大的變形;釬桿受到瞬間的沖擊作用又使得釬桿縱向產(chǎn)生極大的拉壓應(yīng)力。這些都極易影響釬桿的使用壽命和性能,尤其是在共振和高強(qiáng)度沖擊同時(shí)發(fā)生的時(shí)候。為了解決這些問題,本論文主要研究工作如下:(1)從理論上分析了鑿巖機(jī)活塞碰撞釬桿瞬間,應(yīng)力波在活塞中傳播及在釬桿與活塞接觸面處的透射、反射的過程以及鑿巖機(jī)釬桿入射應(yīng)力波形的影響因素。以YGZ-90型鑿巖機(jī)為例,根據(jù)釬桿與活塞碰撞時(shí)應(yīng)力波的透射與反射規(guī)律,計(jì)算該型鑿巖機(jī)在匹配H35中空六角螺紋連接釬桿時(shí)的釬桿入射應(yīng)力波隨時(shí)間變化的關(guān)系。(2)以ANSYS為平臺(tái),從共振的觀點(diǎn)分析了釬桿的動(dòng)力學(xué)特性,以長度為2105mm的釬桿為例,通過有限元模態(tài)分析得到其前六階固有頻率及其相對(duì)應(yīng)的振型;對(duì)不同長度的鑿巖用中空六角螺紋連接釬桿進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析,得到了不同長度釬桿的固有頻率,及釬桿長度對(duì)釬桿各階固有頻率的影響。通過諧響應(yīng)分析得出了釬桿在危險(xiǎn)頻率下的響應(yīng)及一些響應(yīng)峰值,并得到了各階固有頻率對(duì)釬桿的影響程度。為鑿巖機(jī)沖擊頻率與釬桿固有頻率的匹配,在實(shí)際鑿巖工作中避免共振現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生提供了一定依據(jù)。(3)從動(dòng)力學(xué)的角度分析其斷裂的原因。以LS-DYNA仿真軟件為平臺(tái),對(duì)長度為2105mm的H35中空六角螺紋連接釬桿在匹配YGZ-90鑿巖機(jī)時(shí)進(jìn)行沖擊動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真,分析了釬桿兩種極端工作狀態(tài)下(固定端反射和自由端反射)受到雙圓柱活塞單次沖擊后的應(yīng)力波的產(chǎn)生和應(yīng)力波在釬桿中傳播、反射的過程,及應(yīng)力波所到達(dá)之處的應(yīng)力分布,得出了釬桿在鑿鉆過程中最容易發(fā)生失效的部位。通過分析釬桿各個(gè)位置的應(yīng)力分布和現(xiàn)場采樣對(duì)比分析,驗(yàn)證了仿真分析結(jié)果與現(xiàn)場實(shí)際基本相符,證明對(duì)釬桿進(jìn)行的動(dòng)力學(xué)分析是可行的。
[Abstract]:Drill rod is the most consumed part in rock drilling and an important "force transfer system". Its working performance and service life have been the most concerned performance index.The working condition of the drill rod is extremely complex. Under the harsh environment, it is not only subject to the high frequency and high strength impact of the piston, but also to the torque of the rock drill, and also to resist the resistance of all kinds of rock and the corrosion of the mineral water.If the impact frequency of the drill is the same or close to the natural frequency of the drill rod, resonance will occur, which will cause great deformation in the radial direction of the drill rod, and the rod will be subjected to the impact of the moment and the longitudinal tension and compression stress of the drill rod will be greatly produced.These can easily affect the service life and performance of drill rod, especially when resonance and high strength impact occur at the same time.In order to solve these problems, the main research work of this paper is as follows: 1) theoretically, the stress wave propagates in the piston and the transmission at the interface between the drill rod and the piston is analyzed theoretically.The process of reflection and the influence factors of the incident stress waveform of drill rod.Taking YGZ-90 type rock drill as an example, according to the transmission and reflection law of stress wave during the impact of drill rod and piston, this paper calculates the relation of incident stress wave of drill rod with H35 hollow hexagonal thread connecting rod with time when the drill rod is connected with H35 hollow hexagonal thread according to the law of transmission and reflection of stress wave during the collision of drill rod and piston.The dynamic characteristics of drill rod are analyzed from the viewpoint of resonance. Taking the drill rod with length of 2105mm as an example, the first six natural frequencies and their corresponding modes are obtained by finite element modal analysis.The modal analysis of drill rod with hollow hexagonal thread for rock drilling of different lengths is carried out. The natural frequency of drill rod with different length and the influence of drill rod length on the natural frequency of drill rod are obtained.Through harmonic response analysis, the response of drill rod under dangerous frequency and some response peaks are obtained, and the influence of various natural frequencies on drill rod is obtained.This paper provides a certain basis for matching the impact frequency of rock drill with the natural frequency of drill rod and avoiding the occurrence of resonance in actual rock drilling.On the platform of LS-DYNA simulation software, the impact dynamics of H35 H35 hollow hexagonal thread connecting rod in matching YGZ-90 rock drill is simulated.The stress wave generation and the process of stress wave propagating and reflecting in drill rod under two extreme working conditions (fixed end reflection and free end reflection) under single impact of double cylindrical piston are analyzed.The stress distribution of the drill rod is obtained, which is the most prone to failure in the drilling process.By analyzing the stress distribution of the drill rod at each position and the field sampling and contrast analysis, it is verified that the simulation results are basically consistent with the field practice, and it is proved that the dynamic analysis of the drill rod is feasible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD421.2

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本文編號(hào)：1728758