發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-09 00:08

  本文選題：巷道　切入點(diǎn)：層狀巖體　出處：《西安科技大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著煤礦生產(chǎn)規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大以及大型機(jī)械設(shè)備的廣泛使用,為滿足生產(chǎn)運(yùn)輸要求,煤礦巷道斷面尺寸隨之不斷增大。由于煤礦巷道頂板多為層狀沉積巖,巷道尺寸增大會(huì)使圍巖產(chǎn)生較大變形,在頂板處易產(chǎn)生離層,由此引發(fā)的巷道支護(hù)問題亟待解決。傳統(tǒng)的支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)方法均將圍巖視為連續(xù)均質(zhì)介質(zhì),未考慮離層的不利影響,本文在分析和總結(jié)現(xiàn)有錨固支護(hù)理論、錨固界面力學(xué)機(jī)理研究現(xiàn)狀及存在問題的基礎(chǔ)上,考慮錨固支護(hù)巖體的復(fù)雜性,特別是層狀巖體中巷道開挖引發(fā)的離層對(duì)錨桿荷載傳遞規(guī)律的影響,利用理論分析、現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)及數(shù)值模擬等方法,開展了以下幾方面的研究�；陔x層的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理對(duì)離層進(jìn)行分類,分析巷道離層型頂板的特征,給出離層位置和離層值的理論估算方法及試驗(yàn)確定方法。根據(jù)檸條塔N1205工作面地質(zhì)條件,對(duì)離層位置及離層值大小進(jìn)行綜合判斷,為考慮離層條件下的錨桿支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)打下基礎(chǔ)。分析離層作用下的錨桿荷載傳遞機(jī)理,基于剪切滑移模型,分別建立單離層條件下垂直錨桿和傾斜錨桿,以及多離層條件下錨桿荷載傳遞的彈塑性力學(xué)模型,得出離層作用下錨桿應(yīng)力分布的表達(dá)式,總結(jié)出離層發(fā)展過程中錨桿荷載的變化規(guī)律,并對(duì)不同離層值、離層位置、錨桿與離層夾角等參數(shù)影響下的錨桿受力特性做系統(tǒng)分析。設(shè)計(jì)室內(nèi)模型試驗(yàn),研究離層對(duì)錨桿的荷載作用,得出巖體裂縫擴(kuò)展過程中錨桿的應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律及裂縫張開量值與桿體荷載的關(guān)系,將試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與理論計(jì)算值進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,驗(yàn)證理論模型的正確性及適用性。運(yùn)用二維離散元軟件對(duì)非均質(zhì)巖體中錨桿的受力狀態(tài)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,并對(duì)影響參數(shù)進(jìn)行規(guī)律性分析。分別建立考慮離層影響的全長粘結(jié)型錨桿以及局部錨固錨桿的力學(xué)模型,對(duì)系統(tǒng)錨桿進(jìn)行受力分析,綜合理論計(jì)算和數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果,分析獲得離層巖體中錨桿的荷載分布規(guī)律。通過系統(tǒng)錨桿荷載求解,對(duì)已有的錨桿支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行安全性評(píng)價(jià),并為含有離層情況的錨桿支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)提供理論依據(jù)。將研究成果應(yīng)用于陜北檸條塔煤礦N1205工作面膠運(yùn)順槽支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)中,對(duì)比傳統(tǒng)的支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)方法,發(fā)現(xiàn)考慮離層影響后的錨桿荷載超過承載力設(shè)計(jì)值,原有的支護(hù)參數(shù)不能滿足安全要求,需對(duì)參數(shù)進(jìn)行調(diào)整,通過系統(tǒng)錨桿荷載求解,對(duì)錨桿直徑、間排距及錨固長度進(jìn)行重新設(shè)計(jì),并對(duì)預(yù)緊力的合理取值進(jìn)行討論�，F(xiàn)場監(jiān)測結(jié)果表明考慮離層情況的錨桿支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)方法更安全合理。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of the scale of coal production and the extensive use of large-scale machinery and equipment, in order to meet the requirements of production and transportation, the section size of coal mine roadway is increasing.Because the roof of coal mine roadway is mostly stratified sedimentary rock, the increase of roadway size will result in large deformation of surrounding rock and easy to be separated at the roof, so the roadway support problem should be solved urgently.The traditional support design method regards the surrounding rock as the continuous homogeneous medium without considering the adverse effect of the separation layer. This paper analyzes and summarizes the existing bolting support theory, the research status and the existing problems of the mechanical mechanism of the anchor interface.Considering the complexity of bolting rock mass, especially the influence of roadway excavation in layered rock mass on the load transfer law of anchor rod, the following aspects are studied by means of theoretical analysis, field test and numerical simulation.Based on the formation mechanism of the separation layer, this paper classifies the separated layer, analyzes the characteristics of the roof of the roadway separation layer, and gives the theoretical estimation method and experimental determination method of the location and value of the separation layer.According to the geological conditions of Caragana Tower N1205 working face, the location and value of the separated layer are comprehensively judged, which lays a foundation for the design of bolt support under the condition of considering the separated layer.Based on the shear slip model, the elastic-plastic mechanical models of the load transfer of the anchors under the condition of single and inclined anchors are established, respectively, and the load transfer models of the anchors under the condition of multi-layer separation are analyzed, and the elastic-plastic mechanical models of the load transfer of the anchors under the condition of multi-layer separation are established, respectively.The expression of the stress distribution of anchor rod under the action of separation layer is obtained, and the variation law of bolt load during the development of separation layer is summarized, and the mechanical characteristics of anchor rod under the influence of different values, location and angle between anchor rod and layer are analyzed systematically.The model test in the design room is carried out to study the load action of the free layer on the anchor rod. The stress distribution law of the anchor rod and the relationship between the crack opening value and the load of the bolt body are obtained during the crack propagation of rock mass, and the test results are compared with the theoretical calculation value.Verify the correctness and applicability of the theoretical model.The stress state of anchor rod in heterogeneous rock mass is numerically simulated by using two-dimensional discrete element software, and the regularity of influencing parameters is analyzed.The mechanical models of the full-length bonded anchor rod and the local anchoring bolt considering the influence of the separation layer are established respectively. The load distribution law of the anchor rod in the separated rock mass is obtained by combining the theoretical calculation and the numerical simulation results.The safety evaluation of the existing bolt support design is carried out through the solution of the system bolt load, and the theoretical basis is provided for the bolt support design with the condition of separation.The research results are applied to the support design of the rubber transport channel in the N1205 face of Caragana Tower Coal Mine in North Shaanxi. Compared with the traditional support design method, it is found that the load of the bolt considering the influence of the separation layer exceeds the design value of the bearing capacity.The original support parameters can not meet the safety requirements, and the parameters need to be adjusted. The diameter, spacing and length of anchors are redesigned through the solution of the system anchor load, and the reasonable value of pre-tension force is discussed.Field monitoring results show that the design method of bolt support is more safe and reasonable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TD353.6

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