本文選題：巖質(zhì)邊坡　切入點：鐵尾礦　出處：《華北理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,礦山巖質(zhì)邊坡大多未進(jìn)行生態(tài)恢復(fù)重建,若借鑒公路邊坡噴播技術(shù),其高成本是礦山企業(yè)難以承受的,同時礦山大多堆存大量尾礦,沒有合理的利用途徑。因此論文在巖質(zhì)邊坡植被混凝土重建技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上,以鐵尾礦為主要原料,秸稈、蘑菇肥和保水劑為基質(zhì)配料,水泥為粘結(jié)劑,高羊茅和紫花苜蓿為先鋒植物開展了試驗研究。論文采用L9(34)正交表進(jìn)行試驗設(shè)計,對3種基質(zhì)配料和粘結(jié)劑進(jìn)行配比,以普通土壤為對照。通過測定各配比基質(zhì)的容重、孔隙度、p H值、有機(jī)質(zhì)、速效養(yǎng)分和水溶性鹽溶度等指標(biāo)對各配比基質(zhì)的理化性質(zhì)進(jìn)行研究,同時測定植物出苗率、株高、生物量、植物光合特性和根系特征等指標(biāo)對植物生長狀況進(jìn)行研究。試驗結(jié)果表明:基質(zhì)的理化性質(zhì)均要好于對照,基本能夠滿足植物的生長需求;除紫花苜蓿出苗率外,各項指標(biāo)均好于對照,植物的生長狀況基本正常。采用排隊評分法對各項指標(biāo)進(jìn)行篩選和正交試驗分析,結(jié)果表明高羊茅組和紫花苜蓿組的最佳生長配比為秸稈3%、水泥6%~8%、蘑菇肥8%和保水劑1.0%~1.5%。試驗結(jié)果表明,以鐵尾礦為主要原料,秸稈和蘑菇肥等農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物為配比材料配制巖質(zhì)邊坡生態(tài)重建人工土壤基質(zhì)是科學(xué)可行的,并且可以實現(xiàn)工業(yè)固體廢棄物和農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物的綜合利用,最終降低巖質(zhì)邊坡生態(tài)重建的成本。
[Abstract]:At present, most of the rock slopes in mines have not carried out ecological restoration and reconstruction. If the highway slope spray-seeding technology is used for reference, the high cost is unbearable to the mining enterprises. At the same time, most of the mines are piled up with a large number of tailings, and there is no reasonable way to use them.Therefore, on the basis of the reconstruction technology of vegetation concrete on rock slope, the experiment was carried out with iron tailings as main raw materials, straw, mushroom fertilizer and water-retaining agent as matrix ingredients, cement as binder, tall fescue and alfalfa as pioneer plants.In this paper, three kinds of matrix ingredients and binders were designed by using L9 / 34) orthogonal table, and the common soil was used as control.The physicochemical properties of the matrix were studied by measuring the bulk density, porosity, pH value, organic matter, available nutrients and water-soluble salt solubility. The plant emergence rate, plant height and biomass were also measured.The photosynthetic characteristics and root characteristics of plants were studied.The results showed that the physical and chemical properties of the substrate were better than that of the control, which could basically meet the needs of plant growth, except for the emergence rate of alfalfa, all the indexes were better than the control, and the plant growth status was basically normal.The best growth ratio of tall fescue group and alfalfa group were straw 3, cement 6 and 8%, mushroom fertilizer 8% and absorbent 1.0%. The results showed that the optimum growth ratio of tall fescue group and alfalfa group was 3% straw, 8% mushroom fertilizer and 1. 05% water absorbent.The results show that it is scientific and feasible to use iron tailings as main raw materials and agricultural wastes such as straw and mushroom fertilizer as proportioning materials to prepare artificial soil matrix for ecological reconstruction of rock slope.The comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste and agricultural waste can be realized and the cost of ecological reconstruction of rock slope can be reduced.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S151.9;TD88

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