本文選題：黑岱溝露天煤礦　切入點：植被恢復方式　出處：《環(huán)境科學》2016年03期

【摘要】：以黑岱溝露天煤礦排土場不同植被恢復方式下復墾土壤為研究對象,主要分析了沙棘、紫穗槐、楊樹和沙棘楊樹混交林以及玉米這5種人工植被下土壤的基本理化性質(zhì)和蔗糖酶、脲酶、堿性磷酸酶這3種水解酶的活性,并通過簡單相關分析和通徑分析研究了土壤基本理化性質(zhì)與酶活性之間的相關關系,揭示了不同植被恢復下土壤酶活性差異的驅(qū)動因子,為該區(qū)復墾植物的選擇及復墾效果評價提供科學合理的建議與參考.結(jié)果表明:15種人工植被恢復下排土場土壤基本理化性質(zhì)得到改善,土壤酶活性有一定提高,但仍未達到天然草地的水平;2沙棘的有機碳和全氮含量最接近草地,達到草地的54.22%和70.00%,且其容重比最大容重紫穗槐的低17.09%,表現(xiàn)出復墾優(yōu)勢;與沙棘林相比,楊樹林的土壤有機碳和全氮比沙棘分別低35.64%和32.14%,容重比沙棘林高16.79%;3不同植被間土壤堿性磷酸酶活性差異不大,而土壤脲酶活性能更敏感地反映不同植被恢復對土壤性質(zhì)的影響.4排土場復墾土壤有機碳和全氮含量的提高,是排土場肥力恢復和生物活性提高的主要原因.
[Abstract]:The reclaimed soil of Heidaigou opencast coal mine under different vegetation restoration methods was used as the research object, the seabuckthorn and Amorpha fruticosa were analyzed. The basic physical and chemical properties of soil and the activities of sucrase, urease and alkaline phosphatase in poplar and Hippophae rhamnoides mixed forest and maize were studied. The correlation between soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activity was studied by means of simple correlation analysis and path analysis, and the driving factors of soil enzyme activity difference under different vegetation restoration were revealed. Scientific and reasonable suggestions and references were provided for the selection of reclaimed plants and the evaluation of reclamation effect. The results showed that the basic physical and chemical properties of the dump soil were improved under the restoration of 15 kinds of artificial vegetation, and the soil enzyme activity was improved to some extent. However, the organic carbon and total nitrogen contents of Hippophae rhamnoides were not up to the natural grassland level, reaching 54.22% and 70.00% of the grassland, and the bulk density was 17.09 lower than that of the largest bulk weight of Amorpha fruticosa, which showed the advantage of reclamation, compared with the Hippophae rhamnoides forest. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen of poplar forest were 35.64% and 32.14% lower than that of Hippophae rhamnoides, respectively. The soil alkaline phosphatase activity of poplar forest was 16.79% higher than that of Hippophae rhamnoides forest. But the soil urease activity can more sensitively reflect the influence of different vegetation restoration on soil properties. The increase of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content in dump reclamation is the main reason for fertility restoration and biological activity improvement.
【作者單位】： 西北農(nóng)林科技大學資源環(huán)境學院;西北農(nóng)林科技大學黃土高原土壤侵蝕與旱地農(nóng)業(yè)國家重點實驗室;
【基金】：中國科學院西部行動計劃項目(KZCX2-XB3-13) 陜西省自然科學基礎研究計劃項目(2011JM5011) 教育部新世紀優(yōu)秀人才計劃項目(NCET-2-0479)
【分類號】：TD88;X144
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本文編號：1698881