本文選題：礦山安全環(huán)保　切入點(diǎn)：β-Sialon　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：將煤礦生產(chǎn)中廢棄的煤矸石進(jìn)行綜合利用,制備出高性能復(fù)相材料,符合低碳環(huán)保的循環(huán)發(fā)展理念,能夠有效促進(jìn)煤炭企業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)。本論文以煤炭生產(chǎn)企業(yè)廢棄煤矸石為主要原材料,利用西山礦區(qū)西銘礦2號(hào)煤層煤矸石粉制取出β-Sialon材料。Sialon是一類在各種條件下展現(xiàn)出良好性能的材料,具有優(yōu)異的高溫穩(wěn)定性,抗腐蝕性,低密度,這種材料不僅能廣泛被應(yīng)用于車輛、宇航工業(yè)材料,還能作為剛玉、SiC等一些耐火材料的補(bǔ)充添加劑。本研究中所使用的燃燒合成技術(shù)(combustion synthesis)是高效合成Sialon粉體的最新技術(shù)手段之一。相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)的Sialon粉體制備方法-碳熱還原法來說,燃燒合成法具備節(jié)能環(huán)保、反應(yīng)迅速、成本低、操作便捷、產(chǎn)物粉體不易燒結(jié)等優(yōu)勢(shì)。本文首先使用高溫煅燒的手段除去揮發(fā)分等與制取Sialon無關(guān)的雜質(zhì);對(duì)反應(yīng)釜體系燃燒合成β-Sialon相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行分析,并根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)過程/條件對(duì)相關(guān)熱力學(xué)進(jìn)行分析,依據(jù)△G等參數(shù)計(jì)算得出β-Sialon完全合成溫度—2918K(2645℃);設(shè)定不同的實(shí)驗(yàn)體系—氮?dú)鈮毫τ绊�、硅粉�?duì)β-Sialon燃燒合成的影響、鋁粉對(duì)β-Sialon燃燒合成的影響、Si3N4對(duì)β-Sialon燃燒合成的影響、AlN粉對(duì)β-Sialon燃燒合成的影響、優(yōu)化配比參數(shù)燃燒合成β-Sialon;對(duì)反應(yīng)體系中不同的合成產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行XRD組分化驗(yàn),通過光學(xué)顯微鏡、SEM手段,深入分析了各個(gè)反應(yīng)體系中較優(yōu)方案的微觀結(jié)構(gòu),隨著實(shí)驗(yàn)反應(yīng)工藝的不斷改善,生成產(chǎn)物β-Sialon的六棱柱狀晶型逐漸顯著,利用煤矸石作為反應(yīng)原材料,基于燃燒合成制取的產(chǎn)物晶粒已經(jīng)發(fā)育完全。論文還利用SEM等手段,分析了β-Sialon材料的生長(zhǎng)機(jī)理,建立了生長(zhǎng)過程的VLS物理模型。本文利用燃燒合成反應(yīng)釜系統(tǒng),在使用煤矸石粉料作為主體原料的前提下,以鋁粉作為強(qiáng)還原劑,適量添加Si3N4、AlN等輔助劑,圍繞反應(yīng)體系的材料組分—反應(yīng)工藝—物相分析—顯微結(jié)構(gòu),在各方案中不斷試驗(yàn)、改進(jìn),摸索出了比較理想的燃燒合成生產(chǎn)Sialon的工藝條件實(shí)驗(yàn)方案:1.5MPa氮?dú)�、煤矸石粉和Si3N4按照化學(xué)反應(yīng)方程式配比,鋁粉添加量是其對(duì)煤矸石粉化學(xué)反應(yīng)方程式摩爾比的1.8倍,摻加AlN為煤矸石粉和Al重量和的5%,得到衍射峰強(qiáng)明顯的單相β-Sialon,最優(yōu)產(chǎn)物的晶相中雜質(zhì)峰很少,這是XRD分析中物相生成率高的表現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The waste coal gangue in coal production is comprehensively utilized to prepare high performance multiphase materials, which accords with the concept of low carbon environmental protection cycle development and can effectively promote the transformation and upgrading of coal enterprises.In this paper, 尾 -Sialon material. Sialon is a kind of material which shows good performance under various conditions and has excellent high temperature stability by using coal gangue powder of No. 2 coal seam in Xishan mining area as the main raw material.This material not only can be widely used in vehicle and aerospace industry but also can be used as supplementary additive of corundum sic and other refractories.Combustion synthesis technique used in this study is one of the latest techniques for the efficient synthesis of Sialon powders.Compared with the traditional Sialon powder preparation method, the combustion synthesis method has the advantages of energy-saving, environmental protection, rapid reaction, low cost, convenient operation, and the product powder is not easy to be sintered.In this paper, we first use the method of high temperature calcination to remove volatile matter and other impurities which are not related to the preparation of Sialon, and analyze the relevant theories of combustion synthesis of 尾 -Sialon in the reactor system, and analyze the relevant thermodynamics according to the experimental process / conditions.According to the calculation of G and other parameters, the complete synthesis temperature of 尾 -Sialon was calculated at -2918K ~ (2645) 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1694675