本文選題：高嶺土　切入點：硫鐵尾礦　出處：《西南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：川南地區(qū)硫鐵礦資源儲量豐富,礦石中主要礦物為黃鐵礦與高嶺石,在長期的硫鐵礦開采和選礦過程中,由于采選技術(shù)落后,很多高嶺土資源沒有得到充分的利用而被棄于尾礦中,大量尾礦不但占用大量寶貴的土地資源,還會引起嚴(yán)重的酸性礦山廢水環(huán)境污染。因此開展高嶺石型硫鐵尾礦的大宗量高效利用,對于川南地區(qū)煤硫產(chǎn)業(yè)的循環(huán)發(fā)展無疑具有重要意義。本文對川南高嶺石型硫鐵尾礦的工藝礦物學(xué)性質(zhì)、硫鐵重選尾礦脫碳浮硫工藝、浮選尾礦用作混凝土礦用外加劑以及表面改性煅燒高嶺土用作橡塑填料工藝等進(jìn)行研究,主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)果如下。(1)川南高嶺石型硫鐵尾礦工藝礦物學(xué)特性。川南高嶺石型硫鐵尾礦分為重選尾礦與浮選尾礦,主要礦物成分為高嶺石和黃鐵礦,并含有銳鈦礦、方解石,重選尾礦中有些許碳質(zhì)礦物;重選尾礦中Si O2和Al2O3含量為59.35%,碳和硫的含量分別為6.27%和7.84%,浮選尾礦中Si O2和Al2O3含量為76.50%,碳和硫的含量分別為1.06%和0.82%。(2)重選尾礦脫碳浮硫試驗。重選尾礦需再磨至-0.074 mm 85%進(jìn)行浮選,經(jīng)過脫碳浮硫,尾礦碳、硫品位降低至1.28%、1.03%;碳精礦發(fā)熱量為5285.68 kcal/kg(22.11 MJ/kg),達(dá)到GB/T 15224-2010《煤炭質(zhì)量分級》中發(fā)熱量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn);硫精礦品位為48.63%,達(dá)到硫精礦優(yōu)等品的要求;浮硫尾礦的碳、硫品位與高嶺石型硫鐵浮選尾礦極為接近,可用于混凝土礦物外加劑的研究。(3)浮選尾礦作混凝土礦物外加劑試驗。浮選尾礦(-0.074 mm 85%)經(jīng)過煅燒后,成為煅燒高嶺土,粉磨過后,具有極高的火山灰活性;最佳煅燒溫度為800℃,最優(yōu)煅燒時間為2 h,磨礦細(xì)度為d9 0為19.64μm,最優(yōu)條件下水泥膠砂試驗活性指數(shù)可達(dá)125.6%;煅燒高嶺土作混凝土礦物外加劑,摻量為30%時混凝土力學(xué)及施工性能最佳,并且煅燒高嶺土能夠代替水泥熟料并且有效降低水化熱;隨著水化齡期的增大,水泥生成Ca(OH)2的量逐漸增大;相同的水泥水化齡期內(nèi),Ca(OH)2隨著摻量增大而減小,并且隨著摻量的增加,活性硅鋁消耗的Ca(OH)2含量就越大(活性Si O2、Al2O3與C a(OH)2發(fā)生二次水化反應(yīng)),火山灰反應(yīng)越顯著。(4)煅燒高嶺土表面改性后作橡塑填料試驗。煅燒高嶺土經(jīng)粉磨(d6 0≈2μm),硅烷偶聯(lián)劑改性(用量為煅燒高嶺土質(zhì)量的1.5%)后所得的表面改性高嶺土,可作為EPDM橡膠和PP塑料的充填劑,改性高嶺土充填橡膠的最佳配比為15%M,橡膠的拉伸強(qiáng)度達(dá)到4.32 MPa,比空白樣增加45.5%;斷裂伸長率由322.03%增加至402.85%。;改性煅燒高嶺土可以明顯增強(qiáng)PP的力學(xué)性能,最佳添加量為10%M,斷裂伸長率由28.15%提升至51.29%,屈服點伸長率由12.28%提升至16.54%,未改性高嶺土與PP塑料相容性差,對PP塑料沒有補(bǔ)強(qiáng)作用。川南高嶺石型硫鐵尾礦所制備的煅燒高嶺土,用作混凝土礦物外加劑可大宗量消耗川南高嶺石型硫鐵尾礦,改性煅燒高嶺土可用作橡塑填料,也能夠達(dá)到減排的目的。這些舉措對于四川煤硫產(chǎn)業(yè)的循環(huán)發(fā)展具有重要意義,不僅能夠利用資源,更能對尾礦進(jìn)行大宗量消耗,實現(xiàn)川南高嶺石型硫鐵尾礦的大宗量高效利用。
[Abstract]:The reserves of pyrite resources in South Sichuan area is rich, the main mineral is pyrite and kaolinite, pyrite mining and mineral processing in the long process of mining, due to backward technology, a lot of kaolin resources are not fully utilized and abandoned in the tailings, a lot of tailings not only take up a lot of valuable land resources, but also cause acid mine wastewater environment serious pollution. So to carry out the efficient use of large amount of kaolinite type pyrite tailing, is undoubtedly of great significance for the development of coal industry circular sulfur in South Sichuan. The technological mineralogy of South Sichuan kaolinite pyrite tailings, pyrite sulfur flotation gravity tailings decarburization process, flotation tailings used as concrete admixtures and mineral surface modification of calcined kaolin as filler in plastics and rubber technology are studied, the main research contents and results are as follows. (1) the southern Sichuan kaolinite pyrite tailing workers The mineralogical characteristics of southern Sichuan art. Kaolinite type pyrite tailings into gravity tailings and tailings, the main mineral composition of kaolinite and pyrite, and contain anatase, calcite, gravity tailings some carbonaceous minerals; Si O2 gravity and Al2O3 content in the tailings is 59.35%, the content of carbon and sulfur were 6.27% and 7.84%, Si O2 and Al2O3 content of flotation tailings was 76.50%, the content of carbon and sulfur are respectively 1.06% and 0.82%. (2) gravity tailings decarburization sulfur flotation test. Gravity tailings need to wear to the -0.074 mm 85% after decarburization flotation, sulfur flotation tailings, carbon, sulfur grade decreased to 1.28%, 1.03%; the carbon concentrate calorific value 5285.68 kcal/kg (22.11 MJ/kg), reached GB/T 15224-2010< coal quality classification > calorific value standard; sulfur concentrate grade is 48.63%, achieved an excellent sulfur concentrate; sulfur flotation tailings of carbon, sulfur grade and kaolinite type pyrite flotation tailings is very Close, can be used to study the mineral admixture of concrete. (3) experimental flotation tailings of mineral admixture of concrete. The flotation tailings (-0.074 mm 85%) after calcination, a calcined kaolin, after grinding, high volcano activity; the optimum calcination temperature is 800 DEG C, the optimum calcination time was 2 h, grinding fineness D9 0 is 19.64 m, the optimum conditions of cement mortar test activity index reached 125.6%; calcined kaolin as mineral admixture of concrete, admixture of 30% concrete mechanics and construction of the best performance, and calcined kaolin can replace cement clinker and reduce the heat of hydration; with the increase of hydration time, cement formation Ca (OH) 2 is increased; the cement hydration period within the same Ca (OH) 2 as the volume increases, and with the increase of the admixture, the active silicon aluminium consumption of Ca (OH) 2 in the greater activity of Si (O2, Al2O3 and C a (OH) 2 Two hydration reaction, reaction) volcano ash is more significant. (4) after the test of rubber packing of calcined kaolin. Surface modification of calcined kaolin by grinding (D6 0 = 2 m), modification of silane coupling agent (1.5% amount of calcined kaolin quality) obtained after the surface modification of kaolin can be used as EPDM and PP plastic rubber filling agent, the optimum ratio of modified kaolin filled rubber 15%M rubber, the tensile strength reached 4.32 MPa, increased 45.5% than that of the blank sample; the elongation increased from 322.03% to 402.85%.; modified calcined kaolin can enhance the mechanical properties of PP, the optimum adding amount was 10%M, the elongation by 28.15% the ascent to 51.29%, the yield point elongation increased from 12.28% to 16.54%, unmodified kaolin and PP plastic compatibility is poor, no reinforcing effect on PP plastics. Southern Sichuan kaolinite pyrite tailings prepared by calcined kaolin, as concrete mineral The bulk of consumption of admixtures in South Sichuan kaolinite pyrite tailing, modified calcined kaolin can be used as filler in plastics and rubber, also can achieve emission reduction purposes. These measures is of great significance for the development of Sichuan coal industry in the sulfur cycle, not only can use more resources, energy consumption of the tailings in a large amount, to achieve a large amount of kaolinite in South Sichuan type of pyrite tailing utilization.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD926.4

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