本文選題：露天煤礦　切入點：內(nèi)排　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：因汽車機動靈活、適應性強的特點,汽車開拓運輸系統(tǒng)被廣泛用于我國大型露天礦山中。隨著國際柴油價格的升高,汽車運輸成本增加,從而加大了礦山開采的成本。建立貫通采場工作幫與內(nèi)排土場的運輸系統(tǒng),可以有效降低剝離物內(nèi)排運輸功,減少汽車運輸費用,減少二氧化碳排放量,實現(xiàn)礦山綠色開采。論文闡述了露天礦開拓運輸系統(tǒng)的類型及特點,介紹了國內(nèi)外露天礦山采用的開拓運輸方式,突出汽車運輸系統(tǒng)在礦山開拓的優(yōu)勢。在此基礎上提出露天礦內(nèi)排搭橋運輸系統(tǒng)布置的影響因素,內(nèi)排搭橋的方式。建立橋體平面位置模型,基于工作幫剝離臺階運輸功最小原則,確定近水平露天礦橋面位置。建立工作幫剝離物雙環(huán)內(nèi)排運距模型,基于汽車物料提升與平面運距關系建立搭橋后運距模型,在此基礎上得到運輸功計算模型。依據(jù)CAT797B發(fā)動機輸出功率與速度關系曲線,計算得出卡車一個循環(huán)周期內(nèi)6個環(huán)節(jié)單位運費。結果表明:重車爬升環(huán)節(jié)單位運費最高,降低重車爬升距離,可以有效降低卡車循環(huán)周期運費。利用簡化模型,將橋體體積分割,計算搭橋重復剝離量及搭橋費用。提出新的橋面寬度計算公式,建立車輛載荷作用下橋體穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)計算模型,利用Geo-slope軟件對橋體穩(wěn)定性分析,得到橋體穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)與車輛外側輪胎距離臺階坡頂線的距離0m關系曲線。結合前人的研究成果,提出新的橋體經(jīng)濟損失模型,即:橋體經(jīng)濟損失由橋體中斷期間剝離物運輸功增加費用、反向內(nèi)排搭橋運輸功減少費用及搭橋費用三部分組成。進而得出橋體最佳移設步距�；跇蝮w運輸功模型,得出橋面處最短工作線長度及橋體服務水平,結果表明:下部水平搭雙橋時的橋面位置處工作線長度范圍比搭單橋時大,服務剝離臺階高度比搭單橋時小。以哈爾烏素露天煤礦為例,驗證模型的正確性,結果表明:搭雙橋與單橋均適用于哈爾烏素露天煤礦的開采條件,搭單橋的最小橋面寬度是24.4m,最多可以服務4個剝離臺階,年節(jié)省運費9390.794萬元,減少二氧化碳排放2730.08t;搭雙橋最多可服務2個剝離臺階,年節(jié)省運費3318.647萬元,減少二氧化碳排放1998.85t。哈爾烏素露天煤礦下部水平搭雙橋可使噸煤成本下降7.06元,為最優(yōu)方案。
[Abstract]:Because of the flexibility and adaptability of automobiles, the development and transportation system of automobiles is widely used in large open pit mines in China. With the increase of international diesel oil price, the cost of automobile transportation is increasing. Thus, the cost of mining is increased. The establishment of a transportation system between the working help and the internal dump of the mining site can effectively reduce the transport power of the inner discharge of the stripping material, reduce the transportation cost of the vehicle, and reduce the carbon dioxide emissions. This paper expounds the types and characteristics of open pit mine development and transportation system, and introduces the open pit mine development and transportation mode adopted at home and abroad. The advantages of automobile transportation system in mine development are highlighted. On the basis of this, the factors affecting the layout of internal drainage bridge transportation system and the way of internal drainage bypass bridge are put forward, and the plane position model of bridge body is established. Based on the principle of minimum work of working side stripping step transportation, the position of bridge deck in near horizontal opencast mine is determined. The model of double ring inner discharge distance of working side stripping material is established, and the rear transportation distance model is established based on the relationship between automobile material lifting and plane transportation distance. On this basis, the transport power calculation model is obtained. According to the relation curve between output power and speed of CAT797B engine, the unit freight rate of six links in a cycle cycle of truck is calculated. The results show that the unit freight rate of heavy truck climbing link is the highest. Reducing the climbing distance of heavy truck can effectively reduce the cycle freight rate of truck. By using the simplified model, the volume of the bridge body is divided, the repeated stripping amount and the cost of the bypass bridge are calculated, and a new formula for calculating the width of the bridge deck is put forward. The calculation model of the stability coefficient of the bridge under vehicle load is established. The stability of the bridge is analyzed by Geo-slope software, and the relationship curve between the stability coefficient of the bridge and the distance between the lateral tire and the top line of the step slope is obtained. A new model of economic loss of bridge body is proposed, that is, the cost of transport work of stripping material is increased during the interruption of economic loss of bridge body. The three parts of reducing the cost of transport work and the cost of bypass bridge are made up of the reverse inner row bypass bridge, and then the optimal displacement distance of the bridge body is obtained. Based on the transport power model of the bridge body, the shortest working line length and the service level of the bridge deck are obtained. The results show that the length range of the working line at the position of the bridge deck is larger than that of the single bridge, and the height of the service stripping step is smaller than that of the single bridge. The correctness of the model is verified by taking Halwusu opencast coal mine as an example. The results show that both double bridge and single bridge are suitable for mining condition of Halwusu opencast coal mine. The minimum bridge deck width of single bridge is 24.4 m, which can serve 4 stripping steps at most and save 93.90794 million yuan per year on freight. Reducing carbon dioxide emission at 2730.08 t, building double bridge can serve 2 stripping steps at most, saving 33.18647 million yuan per year in freight and reducing carbon dioxide emission 1998.85 t.The cost of coal per ton can be reduced by 7.06 yuan at the lower level of Halusu opencast coal mine, which is the best scheme.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD824

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