本文選題：掘進(jìn)機(jī)　切入點(diǎn)：電控箱　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅猛,工業(yè)上對能源的需求與日俱增,煤是一種非常重要的能源。因此,對掘進(jìn)機(jī)的研制、尤其是重型采掘機(jī)械的研制,成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。掘進(jìn)機(jī)主要在礦井或地下等環(huán)境中工作,并且工作時(shí)掘進(jìn)機(jī)截割頭一直承受變化的工作載荷,非常容易造成各部件的振動,進(jìn)而可能影響整機(jī)正常的采掘工作。掘進(jìn)機(jī)電控箱位于后支撐部位,很容易產(chǎn)生振動,振動嚴(yán)重時(shí)甚至?xí)䦟?dǎo)致內(nèi)部元器件失靈。因此必須對其進(jìn)行動態(tài)性能研究,通過動力學(xué)分析以控制機(jī)械振動,滿足其工作穩(wěn)定性的要求。本文針對某型掘進(jìn)機(jī)進(jìn)行了整機(jī)動力學(xué)仿真,并進(jìn)行電控箱的減振設(shè)計(jì)。首先,利用UG建立了掘進(jìn)機(jī)整機(jī)的簡化模型,并對其進(jìn)行整機(jī)的模態(tài)分析,獲得整機(jī)的應(yīng)力、變形及結(jié)構(gòu)的模態(tài)特征,為后續(xù)分析各部件的振動以及各部件對電控箱振動情況的影響提供分析依據(jù)。截割頭頂部、運(yùn)輸機(jī)構(gòu)尾部、各液壓缸最易發(fā)生變形。電控箱的變形主要發(fā)生在50 Hz-65Hz以及90Hz、116Hz左右的范圍內(nèi),對電控箱進(jìn)行減振隔振設(shè)計(jì)要尤其注意這幾個(gè)頻率段的減振效果。然后,在UG中構(gòu)建出掘進(jìn)機(jī)截割頭的模型,并將其簡化,在ANSYS/LS-DYNA軟件中進(jìn)行了橫掃工況下截割臂在不同的俯仰角度下截割巖石的顯式動力學(xué)仿真分析,獲取了截割頭在不同俯仰角工作時(shí)的受力和加速度情況,并據(jù)此進(jìn)行了截割頭工作過程中的振動分析,為掘進(jìn)機(jī)整機(jī)的振動分析及部件減振隔振設(shè)計(jì)分析做好準(zhǔn)備。將截割巖石過程中截割頭所受的力和扭矩施加在整機(jī)模型的截割頭上,進(jìn)行了掘進(jìn)機(jī)整機(jī)的瞬態(tài)動力學(xué)分析,進(jìn)而對各個(gè)部件的動力響應(yīng)結(jié)果進(jìn)行查看,并分析其對電控箱的振動響應(yīng)的影響。之后構(gòu)建了現(xiàn)有的電控箱減振系統(tǒng)模型,并對其進(jìn)行了諧響應(yīng)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)無論在哪個(gè)頻率段,電控箱豎直方向的振動都最嚴(yán)重。通過對頻域曲線進(jìn)行分析發(fā)現(xiàn)在71Hz時(shí)電控箱與輸入載荷達(dá)到共振狀態(tài)。在此基礎(chǔ)上提出二級減振設(shè)計(jì)。通過對參數(shù)化結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行諧響應(yīng)仿真,找到了減振效果最佳時(shí)第二級減振墊的位置。通過對現(xiàn)有減振設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化后的二級減振設(shè)計(jì)中電控箱的振動響應(yīng)進(jìn)行對比,驗(yàn)證了二級減振設(shè)計(jì)的效果要明顯好于現(xiàn)有的減振設(shè)計(jì)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the economy of our country develops rapidly, the demand for energy in industry is increasing day by day, coal is a kind of very important energy. Therefore, the development of roadheader, especially the development of heavy mining machinery, The roadheader mainly works in the mine or underground environment, and the cutting head of the excavator always bears the changing working load, which is very easy to cause the vibration of the various parts. The electric control box of the roadheader is located in the rear support, which is easy to produce vibration and even lead to the failure of internal components when the vibration is serious. Therefore, it is necessary to study its dynamic performance. The dynamic analysis is used to control the mechanical vibration to meet the requirement of stability. In this paper, the dynamic simulation of a certain type of roadheader is carried out, and the vibration reduction design of the electronic control box is carried out. The simplified model of the whole roadheader is established by UG, and the modal analysis of the whole machine is carried out, and the stress, deformation and modal characteristics of the structure are obtained. For the subsequent analysis of the vibration of each component and the impact of each component on the vibration of the electronic control box, the top of the cutting head, the tail of the transport mechanism, The deformation of each hydraulic cylinder is easy to occur. The deformation of the electronic control box mainly occurs in the range of 50 Hz-65Hz and 90 Hz or so. The vibration isolation design of the electronic control box should pay special attention to the vibration absorption effect of these frequency bands. The cutting head model of roadheader is built in UG and simplified. The explicit dynamic simulation analysis of cutting rock with cutting arm under different pitch angle is carried out in ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. The force and acceleration of the cutting head working at different pitch angles are obtained, and the vibration analysis of the cutting head during the working process is carried out. In order to prepare for the vibration analysis of the whole roadheader and the vibration isolation design analysis of the components, the force and torque of the cutting head during the rock cutting process are applied to the cutting head of the whole machine model, and the transient dynamics analysis of the whole machine is carried out. Then the dynamic response results of each component are viewed, and its influence on the vibration response of the electronic control box is analyzed. Then, the existing vibration absorption system model of the electronic control box is constructed, and the harmonic response analysis is carried out, and it is found that no matter in any frequency section, The vibration in vertical direction of the electronic control box is the most serious. By analyzing the frequency domain curve, it is found that the resonance state between the electronic control box and the input load is reached in 71Hz. Based on this, a two-stage vibration absorption design is proposed. The harmonic response simulation of the parameterized structure is carried out. The position of the second stage damping pad is found when the damping effect is the best. The vibration response of the electronic control box in the existing damping design and the optimized two stage damping design is compared. It is verified that the effect of the two-stage damping design is obviously better than that of the existing damping design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD421.5

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