本文選題：深井開采　切入點(diǎn)：巷道底鼓　出處：《河北工程大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前深井開采十分普遍,由于開采深度的加深,井下的運(yùn)作環(huán)境也日趨復(fù)雜多樣,特別是巷道所處環(huán)境逐漸惡劣,加之巷道圍巖周邊軟弱夾層普遍存在,巷道的維護(hù)問(wèn)題就更加困難。在傳統(tǒng)巷道維護(hù)中,巷道的頂板及兩幫是巷道支護(hù)的重點(diǎn),而巷道的底鼓問(wèn)題長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以來(lái)不被重視,近幾年巷道的底鼓問(wèn)題逐步引起人們的關(guān)注,在某些礦井,巷道底鼓甚至比頂板和兩幫的變形更加嚴(yán)重,因此,本文以底鼓為研究重點(diǎn),分別分析了各種賦存條件的軟弱夾層對(duì)底鼓的影響程度。由于煤系地層多由層狀巖層組成,而層狀巖體結(jié)構(gòu)的力學(xué)性能的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)就是軟弱夾層,因此巷道穩(wěn)定性很大程度上受該弱結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。本文采用實(shí)驗(yàn)室物理力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)、相似材料模擬試驗(yàn)、數(shù)值模擬、理論分析等綜合方法,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下所述:(1)通過(guò)大量現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研深部巷道底鼓情況,統(tǒng)計(jì)深部底鼓巷道底板圍巖變形量、破壞形態(tài)、應(yīng)力分布、物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)、以及巷道斷面形狀,重點(diǎn)研究底板含軟弱夾層條件以及受開采擾動(dòng)影響的巷道底鼓變形破壞規(guī)律。(2)運(yùn)用巖石力學(xué)、彈塑性力學(xué)等理論,構(gòu)建底板含軟弱夾層復(fù)合體的力學(xué)模型,分析其底板破壞變形機(jī)理,根據(jù)夾層位置的不同與底板破壞程度,對(duì)巷道底板圍巖破壞進(jìn)行分區(qū),為底板加固提供依據(jù)。(3)應(yīng)用數(shù)值模擬的方法,將不同夾層厚度、不同夾層數(shù)量、不同夾層距離,構(gòu)建多種試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ?分析在各種因素的作用下巷道的底鼓特征,最終將各種因素疊加,建立各種因素對(duì)巷道影響的線型或非線性模型,確定各影響因素的方程系數(shù)。(4)采用CM250/18平面應(yīng)力試驗(yàn)臺(tái),分別建立夾層位于底板破壞區(qū)內(nèi)、底板彈塑性臨界區(qū)、底板彈性區(qū)模型,監(jiān)測(cè)巷道底板的力學(xué)變化和位移變形過(guò)程,分析夾層對(duì)巷道底板的破壞作用。(5)結(jié)合近幾年治理含軟弱夾層巷道底鼓的工程實(shí)踐,設(shè)計(jì)適用性較強(qiáng)的底鼓治理方案。
[Abstract]:At present, deep mining is very common. Due to the deepening of mining depth, the underground operating environment is becoming more and more complex, especially the environment of roadway is gradually bad, and the soft intercalation around the surrounding rock of roadway is widespread. The maintenance of roadway is more difficult. In the traditional roadway maintenance, the roof and two sides of roadway are the key points of roadway support, but the problem of roadway floor heave has not been paid attention to for a long time. In recent years, the problem of roadway floor heave has gradually aroused people's attention. In some mines, the deformation of roadway floor heave is even more serious than that of roof and two sides. The influence of soft intercalation with various occurrence conditions on the bottom bulge is analyzed. Because the coal measure strata are mostly composed of layered strata, the weak link of mechanical properties of layered rock mass structure is the weak intercalation. Therefore, the stability of roadway is greatly affected by the weak structure. In this paper, laboratory physical and mechanical experiments, simulation tests of similar materials, numerical simulation, theoretical analysis and other comprehensive methods are used. The main contents of this study are as follows: (1) through a large number of field investigations on the floor heave of deep roadway, the deformation, failure form, stress distribution, physical and mechanical properties, and section shape of roadway are calculated. This paper mainly studies the condition of the floor with weak intercalation and the deformation and failure law of roadway floor heave affected by mining disturbance. Using the theories of rock mechanics, elastoplastic mechanics, etc., the mechanical model of the floor composite with weak intercalation is constructed. Based on the analysis of the deformation mechanism of the floor, according to the different location of the interlayer and the degree of the failure of the floor, the failure of the surrounding rock of the roadway floor is partitioned, which provides the basis for the reinforcement of the floor. The method of numerical simulation is used to calculate the thickness of the interlayer. Different mezzanine layers and different mezzanine distances are constructed to analyze the characteristics of roadway floor heave under the action of various factors. Finally, a linear or nonlinear model of the influence of various factors on the roadway is established. The equation coefficient of each influencing factor is determined by using CM250/18 plane stress test rig. The models of interlayer located in the failure zone of floor, the critical zone of elastic-plastic and elastic zone of floor are established, and the mechanical change and displacement deformation process of roadway floor are monitored. Combined with the engineering practice of controlling the floor heave of roadway with weak intercalation in recent years, a scheme for controlling the floor heave with strong applicability is designed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD327.3

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