本文選題：溝谷地貌　切入點(diǎn)：淺埋煤層　出處：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：西部礦區(qū)煤層賦存特點(diǎn):地表凹凸不平、起伏較大,煤層埋深較淺;有工作面在回采過(guò)程中,通過(guò)某段區(qū)域時(shí)礦壓顯現(xiàn)異常、劇烈,且形成動(dòng)壓,導(dǎo)致采區(qū)巷道圍巖變形且難以控制,但繼續(xù)回采一段距離后礦壓又逐漸恢復(fù)正常。本文針對(duì)出現(xiàn)的這一特殊礦壓?jiǎn)栴},通過(guò)收集相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研初步判斷導(dǎo)致礦壓異常的原因?yàn)榈乇戆纪蛊鸱臏瞎鹊孛菜�。論文通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)掌握工作面煤(巖)各項(xiàng)物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)參數(shù),而后根據(jù)工作面上覆巖層及地表溝谷地貌的特點(diǎn),建立數(shù)值計(jì)算模型與相似物理模型,數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算與相似模型試驗(yàn)研究結(jié)果表明巷道在掘進(jìn)過(guò)程中通過(guò)非坡段、下坡段和上坡段三個(gè)階段巷道整體壓力顯現(xiàn)較緩和,沒(méi)有明顯差異;但回采過(guò)程中通過(guò)三個(gè)階段的礦壓顯現(xiàn)明顯不同,主要表現(xiàn)在:(1)下坡段回采上覆巖層主要表現(xiàn)為向溝底的滑移,上坡段主要表現(xiàn)為向溝底的翻轉(zhuǎn),形成斷裂多邊塊體;(2)各階段超前支撐壓力影響距離不同,下坡段非坡段上坡段;(3)各階段超前壓力峰值距工作面距離不同,下坡段非坡段上坡段;(4)超前支撐壓力集中系數(shù)不同,上坡段非坡段下坡段;(5)上坡段巷道較其他階段超前壓力顯現(xiàn)劇烈,變形破壞嚴(yán)重。研究成果表明:上坡段巷道受采動(dòng)影響大,屬于重點(diǎn)支護(hù)區(qū)域,較其它階段需要增加一定的支護(hù)強(qiáng)度。根據(jù)研究成果,有針對(duì)性的制定了溝谷地貌下淺埋煤層巷道的支護(hù)方案,工業(yè)性試驗(yàn)中,通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)巷道圍巖變形及錨桿(索)受力工況,與之前類似巷道支護(hù)效果比較,現(xiàn)巷道支護(hù)效果明顯改善,圍巖變形破壞得到有效控制,僅僅在上坡回采接近坡頂位置時(shí)進(jìn)行一次局部返修。研究成果為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)有效支護(hù)提供了科學(xué)依據(jù),對(duì)類似條件下煤層開(kāi)采巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定性控制具有一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The characteristics of coal seam occurrence in the western mining area are: uneven surface, large undulation, shallow coal seam depth, abnormal ground pressure in the mining process of a certain section of the coal face, and the formation of dynamic pressure, the formation of dynamic pressure, the formation of dynamic pressure, the formation of dynamic pressure, and the formation of dynamic pressure. The surrounding rock deformation of roadway in mining area is difficult to control, but the rock pressure is gradually returning to normal after a certain distance of mining. It is preliminarily judged by field investigation that the cause of abnormal rock pressure is caused by the valley geomorphology with ups and downs on the surface. The physical and mechanical parameters of coal (rock) in the working face are grasped by laboratory tests in this paper. Then according to the characteristics of the overlying strata and the surface gully geomorphology, the numerical calculation model and the similar physical model are established. The results of numerical simulation and similar model test show that the roadway passes through the non-slope section during the tunneling process. The overall pressure of roadway in the three stages of downslope and upslope is relatively relaxed, but there is no obvious difference, but in the process of mining, the rock pressure through the three stages is obviously different. The overlying strata in the downhill section mainly show slip to the bottom of the gully, and the upslope section shows the inversion to the bottom of the gully, forming the multilateral block of fault, the influence distance of the leading support pressure is different in each stage. The distance from the peak value of the leading pressure to the working face is different in each stage, and the concentration coefficient of the leading support pressure is different in the upper slope section of the non-slope section of the downslope section. The roadway in the upper slope section is more intense than the other stage, and the deformation and damage is serious. The research results show that the roadway in the upper slope section is greatly affected by the mining movement and belongs to the key supporting area. According to the research results, the supporting scheme of shallow coal seam roadway under gully and valley geomorphology has been established, in the industrial test, Through on-site monitoring of surrounding rock deformation and anchor (cable) stress condition of roadway, compared with similar roadway support effect before, the present roadway support effect is obviously improved, and surrounding rock deformation and damage is effectively controlled. The research results provide a scientific basis for effective support on the spot and have a certain reference value for the stability control of surrounding rock in coal seam mining roadway under similar conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD353

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本文編號(hào)：1635174