本文選題：酸性礦山廢水　切入點(diǎn)：改性碳酸鹽巖　出處：《貴州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：煤礦開采過程使區(qū)域內(nèi)地下水變成酸性礦山廢水,進(jìn)而污染地表水并破壞生態(tài)環(huán)境。為提高AMD處理效果,對比現(xiàn)有AMD主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)法,對碳酸鹽巖進(jìn)行煅燒改性,確定最佳煅燒條件;總結(jié)現(xiàn)有生物與非生物處理技術(shù)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)及適用條件,構(gòu)建連續(xù)產(chǎn)堿系統(tǒng)(SAPS),將改性碳酸鹽巖應(yīng)用于其中考察其適用性,調(diào)節(jié)進(jìn)水參數(shù)考察系統(tǒng)工藝條件,根據(jù)運(yùn)行情況改進(jìn)系統(tǒng),構(gòu)建具有較好耐受性和穩(wěn)定性的連續(xù)產(chǎn)堿成套處理系統(tǒng),得到以下幾點(diǎn)結(jié)論:(1)碳酸鹽巖在750℃時(shí)開始分解,煅燒2.0 h后,仍保持較強(qiáng)顆粒強(qiáng)度。搖瓶實(shí)驗(yàn)中,750℃煅燒改性碳酸鹽巖在反應(yīng)15.0h后能將AMD中Fe2+、Mn2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Cd2+去除99%以上,克服了普通碳酸鹽巖對Mn去除不佳的缺點(diǎn)。(2)在SAPS中,煅燒后的碳酸鹽巖系統(tǒng)對AMD處理能力僅略高于原巖系統(tǒng)。提升進(jìn)水C/S=2.0、HRT=48h后出水水質(zhì)提升,但系統(tǒng)瞬時(shí)出水Fe濃度逐漸升高,不受HRT控制。pH=2.0時(shí),污泥中微生物受到嚴(yán)重抑制。在SAPS厭氧環(huán)境中,pH提升受抑制,瞬時(shí)出水中各離子去除率不高。(3)于SAPS后增設(shè)沉淀池與中和池,增加進(jìn)水鐵和硫酸根負(fù)荷,系統(tǒng)能保持穩(wěn)定出水效果;在中和池中生長出的微生物群與廢水進(jìn)一步反應(yīng),整個(gè)系統(tǒng)最終出水pH8.0,硫酸根與各金屬離子均達(dá)100%去除,提出AMD逐步凈化的酸性煤礦廢水野外成套處理技術(shù)。(4)用PHREEQC模擬與實(shí)際結(jié)合推測金屬離子去除機(jī)理,Fe可形成針鐵礦和赤鐵礦,Cu、Cd的主要形成金屬硫化物和吸附作用去除,Ni在pH8才能以氫氧化物形式完全沉淀;當(dāng)廢水中基本不含其它離子,Mn才能進(jìn)行反應(yīng)被去除。
[Abstract]:In the process of coal mining, groundwater in the area is changed into acid mine wastewater, which pollutes the surface water and destroys the ecological environment. In order to improve the treatment effect of AMD, the carbonates are calcined and modified by comparing the existing AMD active and passive methods. The optimum calcination conditions were determined, the advantages and disadvantages of the existing biological and abiotic treatment techniques and their applicable conditions were summarized, and the continuous alkali-producing system was constructed. The modified carbonate rock was applied to the system to investigate its applicability, and the technological conditions of the system were adjusted. According to the improved system of operation, a complete set of continuous alkali-producing treatment system with good tolerance and stability was constructed. The following conclusions were drawn: 1) Carbonate rock began to decompose at 750 鈩，

本文編號：1628821