發(fā)布時間：2018-03-15 06:33

  本文選題：ArcGIS　切入點：Engine　出處：《太原理工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：煤炭資源在為國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展提供動力的同時，也不可避免地帶來了巨大的負面影響，如由煤炭開采引起的地表塌陷、山體滑坡和房屋損壞等。其中，最直接關乎老百姓衣食住行和生命財產(chǎn)安全的莫過于煤礦開采對建（構）筑物的破壞，如山西省的數(shù)千“懸空村”。在煤礦開采影響區(qū)域內的建（構）筑物下留設保護煤柱是我國煤炭行業(yè)所采取的主要保護措施。保護煤柱設計方法有傳統(tǒng)的垂線法、垂直斷面法和數(shù)字標高投影法，及應用新技術或新方法的數(shù)值模擬法、影響橢圓法等。其中，，垂線法和垂直斷面法為最常用方法。 從留設方法角度考慮，應用垂線法設計保護煤柱時，常會遇到受護對象邊界復雜的情況，這直接使得需要采集的松散層厚度值、底板標高、地表高程和煤層傾角等基礎數(shù)據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)量龐大，垂線段錯綜復雜難以連接出保護煤柱邊界，最終連接出的保護煤柱邊界不合理等；應用垂直斷面法時，因其是按照煤層走向與煤層傾向分別作剖面圖以求取保護煤柱邊界的圖解法，難免會伴有作圖復雜、精度低的弊端。從工程角度考慮，在受護對象邊界形狀復雜、面積比較大、松散層等厚線和部分區(qū)域地表等高線等基礎資料缺乏時，常可能將工期拖延至正常情形下工期的數(shù)倍，并需要反復修改前期已完成的工作。 為此，本文進行了以下研究來克服保護煤柱設計過程中可能出現(xiàn)的上述細節(jié)問題和困難：凸包算法基礎上對建筑群進行非凸包式自動圈定，即凹多邊形生成算法研究；研究受護對象邊界的各種長度、角度及其組合可能產(chǎn)生的結果，并總結出用以指導實際項目操作的受護對象邊界修正準則；研究TIN、DEM模型和空間內插方法，尋找最佳的基于離散點的等值線生成方案；通過分析等值線性質，找出實現(xiàn)標高、煤層傾角和煤層走向等數(shù)據(jù)自動讀取的方法；研究受護對象邊界形狀無論是簡單還是復雜，均可以實現(xiàn)垂線法與垂直斷面法設計保護煤柱的保護邊界自動繪制方案�；谝陨涎芯浚嵘吮Ｗo煤柱留設的效率和精度，完善了垂線法和垂直斷面法設計保護煤柱的細節(jié)處理原則，實現(xiàn)了設計過程的自動化。
[Abstract]:Coal resources not only provide power for national economic development, but also inevitably bring huge negative effects, such as surface collapse caused by coal mining, landslides and house damage, etc. The most direct concern for the people's food, clothing, housing, transportation and life and property is the destruction of building (construction) structures caused by coal mining. For example, thousands of "suspended villages" in Shanxi Province. It is the main protection measure adopted by the coal industry in our country to keep the protection coal pillar under the construction (construction) structure in the area affected by coal mining. The design method of protecting coal pillar has the traditional vertical line method. The vertical section method and the digital elevation projection method, and the numerical simulation method with new technology or new method are used to influence the ellipse method, among which the vertical line method and the vertical section method are the most commonly used methods. Considering from the point of view of retaining method, when using vertical line method to design coal pillar protection, the complex boundary of protected object is often encountered, which makes the thickness of loose layer and the elevation of bottom plate to be collected directly. The data of basic data such as surface elevation and coal seam inclination are so large that the perpendicular section is difficult to connect to the boundary of protecting pillar, and the boundary of protection pillar is not reasonable when the vertical section method is applied. Because it is based on the seam strike and the coal seam tendency to make the section map separately to obtain the protection coal pillar boundary diagram method, inevitably will accompany with the drawing complex, the precision is low. From the engineering angle, in the protected object boundary shape is complex, the area is relatively large, When the basic data such as the loose layer isoparic line and the surface contour of some areas are lacking, it is often possible to delay the time limit to several times of the normal time limit, and to modify the work done in the early stage repeatedly. In this paper, the following research is carried out to overcome the above detailed problems and difficulties that may occur in the process of coal pillar protection design: the concave polygon generation algorithm is studied on the basis of the convex hull algorithm for the construction group of non-convex hull automatic delineation; The possible results of various lengths, angles and combinations of the boundary of the protected object are studied, and the boundary correction criteria of the protected object used to guide the operation of the actual project are summarized, and the TINDEM model and the spatial interpolation method are studied. To find the best isoline generation scheme based on discrete points; to find out the method of automatically reading elevation, seam dip angle and coal seam strike by analyzing the properties of isoline; to study the boundary shape of protected object, whether simple or complex, Both vertical section method and vertical section method can be used to design the automatic drawing scheme of protecting coal pillar. Based on the above research, the efficiency and precision of protecting pillar setting are improved. The principle of detail processing for the design of coal pillar protection by vertical section method and perpendicular method is improved, and the automation of the design process is realized.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD822.3;P208

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