本文選題：特厚煤層　切入點：綜放開采　出處：《煤炭科學(xué)研究總院》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國綜放開采一次采出煤層厚度有增加趨勢。2016年版《煤礦安全規(guī)程》中關(guān)于放頂煤技術(shù)明確規(guī)定:經(jīng)過行業(yè)內(nèi)專家論證確定合格的,特厚煤層的采放比可以大于1:3。這樣就為20m以上特厚煤層一次采全厚綜放開采創(chuàng)造了條件。目前對于巷道沿空側(cè)覆巖結(jié)構(gòu)的研究主要基于薄、中厚及厚煤層分層開采的背景條件下,特厚煤層綜放開采巷道沿空側(cè)覆巖結(jié)構(gòu)特征與薄、中厚及厚煤層分層開采條件下的區(qū)別認(rèn)識不清,特厚煤層綜放開采形成的巷道沿空側(cè)覆巖結(jié)構(gòu)特征不明確。特厚煤層綜放開采沿空側(cè)巷道布置方式的選擇、區(qū)段煤柱合理留設(shè)寬度的確定研究相對缺乏。本論文以蘆子溝礦3107特厚煤層(25m)綜放工作面開采為背景,開展特厚煤層綜放開采巷道沿空側(cè)覆巖結(jié)構(gòu)與煤柱穩(wěn)定性研究。運用相似模擬、3DEC數(shù)值模擬手段研究了特厚煤層綜放開采巷道沿空側(cè)覆巖結(jié)構(gòu)特征。運用材料力學(xué)及彈性力學(xué)相關(guān)理論,揭示了巷道沿空側(cè)覆巖載荷傳遞機制,構(gòu)建了側(cè)向支承壓力計算模型和計算公式。運用正交實驗方法研究了特厚煤層綜放開采側(cè)向支承壓力主控影響因素及影響方式。綜合理論分析及現(xiàn)場實測手段,研究特厚煤層綜放開采側(cè)向支承壓力的分區(qū)特征,為特厚煤層綜放開采沿空側(cè)巷道布置方式的選擇及區(qū)段煤柱合理留設(shè)寬度的確定提供了依據(jù),并在3107特厚煤層(25m)綜放工作面開展區(qū)段煤柱留設(shè)的工程實踐。論文取得的主要結(jié)論如下:(1)提出了特厚煤層綜放開采巷道沿空側(cè)覆巖結(jié)構(gòu)特征:特厚煤層綜放開采時,巷道沿空側(cè)垮落帶破斷覆巖形成"懸臂梁"結(jié)構(gòu),低位裂隙帶下位破斷覆巖形成"鉸接巖梁"結(jié)構(gòu),低位裂隙帶上位破斷覆巖形成多塊鉸接的"砌體梁"結(jié)構(gòu),高位裂隙帶破斷覆巖形成"懸臂梁"結(jié)構(gòu),低位裂隙帶與高位裂隙帶間產(chǎn)生明顯界限,更上位為彎曲下沉帶巖層。(2)揭示了特厚煤層綜放開采巷道沿空側(cè)覆巖載荷傳遞機制:特厚煤層綜放開采巷道沿空側(cè)覆巖"懸臂塊體"懸露部分自重是采空區(qū)側(cè)向煤體高應(yīng)力的主因;低位懸臂塊體是側(cè)向淺部煤體高應(yīng)力的主因;高位懸臂塊體是側(cè)向深部煤體高應(yīng)力的主因;覆巖活動范圍越大,附加應(yīng)力在側(cè)向煤體中傳播距離越遠(yuǎn)。(3)依據(jù)特厚煤層綜放開采巷道沿空側(cè)覆巖結(jié)構(gòu)特征,構(gòu)建了特厚煤層綜放開采側(cè)向支承壓力計算模型和計算公式。(4)得到了特厚煤層綜放開采側(cè)向支承壓力的主控影響因素及影響方式,各因素對側(cè)向支承壓力的影響程度依次為:巖層破斷角懸臂塊體厚度基巖移動角。基巖移動角主要影響附加應(yīng)力高應(yīng)力區(qū)域的范圍,懸臂塊體厚度與巖層破斷角主要影響附加應(yīng)力峰值的大小。(5)得到了特厚煤層綜放開采側(cè)向支承壓力具有典型的分區(qū)特征,自采空區(qū)邊緣向煤體深處依次形成內(nèi)應(yīng)力穩(wěn)定區(qū)、內(nèi)應(yīng)力集中區(qū)、中間穩(wěn)定區(qū)、外應(yīng)力集中區(qū)、原巖應(yīng)力區(qū)。沿空側(cè)巷道適宜布置在內(nèi)應(yīng)力穩(wěn)定區(qū)或中間穩(wěn)定區(qū)范圍內(nèi)。(6)研究了電磁波衰減與煤體裂隙及圍巖應(yīng)力的相關(guān)性,并應(yīng)用電磁波CT探測手段,實現(xiàn)了特厚煤層綜放工作面不同開采階段側(cè)向支承壓力快速監(jiān)測,驗證了特厚煤層綜放開采側(cè)向支承壓力的分區(qū)特征,為評價區(qū)段煤柱穩(wěn)定性及煤柱寬度進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化提供了更為充分的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, our country produced a fully mechanized mining coal seam thickness increased.2016 edition < Mine Safety Regulations > on top coal caving technology clearly stipulates: the demonstration by experts within the industry to determine the qualified, thick seam caving ratio can be larger than 1:3. which is more than 20m thick coal seam mining full seam mining. To create the conditions for the current research on Roadway along the empty side of overburden structure is mainly based on thin, medium thick and thick seam under the background of the thick coal seam mining roadway along gob side overburden structure characteristics and differences in the thick and thin, thick seam conditions clearly, the roadway in thick coal seam fully mechanized mining formed along the rock structure characteristic of the air side cladding is not clear. The thick coal seam mining gob side roadway layout selection, rational width of section coal pillar to determine the relative lack of research. In this paper, Lu Zi gou Mine 3107 thick coal seam (25m) full mechanized caving mining as the background, to carry out the thick coal seam mining roadway along the structure and stability of the coal pillar air side overburden. Using similar simulation, studied the thick coal seam mining roadway along gob side structure characteristics of overlying strata in means of 3DEC numerical simulation using the related theory. Material mechanics and elastic mechanics, reveals the roadway along gob side overburden load transfer mechanism, construct the calculation model and calculation formula of lateral abutment pressure of the thick coal seam mining master side abutment pressure influence factors and the influence of using orthogonal experiment method. The comprehensive theoretical analysis and field measurement methods, characteristics of partition the thick coal seam mining abutment pressure, for thick coal seam mining and determine the choice of coal pillar along gob side roadway layout reasonable reserve width to provide the basis, and in 3107 thick coal 灞，

本文編號：1614794