本文選題：天然堿　切入點(diǎn)：水平對(duì)接井　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水溶法采礦是根據(jù)某些礦物易溶于水的特性而發(fā)展形成的一種重要的采礦方法,具有投入成本低、勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度低和安全環(huán)保等許多優(yōu)點(diǎn),其主要分類有:硐室水溶開采和鉆井水溶開采(單井和井組生產(chǎn))兩種方法,其中井組水溶開采根據(jù)開采工藝又分為自然連通、壓裂連通和水平對(duì)接連通井三種方法。水溶采礦技術(shù)的發(fā)展日新月異,此方法最初廣泛應(yīng)用在開采地下巖鹽礦藏,后隨著技術(shù)的成熟逐步應(yīng)用于開采鉀鹽礦、芒硝礦、天然堿礦等礦藏。本文以《土耳其Kazan天然堿溶采項(xiàng)目地下工程》水平對(duì)接井技術(shù)溶采天然堿為背景,對(duì)影響天然堿開采鹵水濃度和總堿度的影響因素通過理論和試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)做了部分分析研究,以及利用水平溶腔簡(jiǎn)化模型,通過數(shù)值模擬軟件,對(duì)天然堿水平溶腔發(fā)育過程中溶腔穩(wěn)定性及安全礦柱做了簡(jiǎn)單的研究。利用水平對(duì)接井開采天然堿過程中,天然堿礦石的溶解過程是一個(gè)很復(fù)雜的過程,影響鹵水濃度的因素也有很多,例如:礦石品味、溶劑條件、開采技術(shù)手段和溶腔形狀等。本文主要通過天然堿理論溶解特性對(duì)比kazan試采井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)采集的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),從溶劑注入溫度、溶劑注入流量和溶劑配比以及開采技術(shù)手段這些可控因素方面入手,對(duì)其影響天然堿鹵水濃度和總堿度的具體情況做出分析。隨著天然堿礦床的開采,水平溶腔的發(fā)育也是關(guān)注的一個(gè)重點(diǎn),因?yàn)樗饺芮坏男螤詈痛笮∫彩怯绊扄u水濃度的一個(gè)重要因素,此外,水溶采礦過程中溶腔的發(fā)育穩(wěn)定性也是很重要的關(guān)鍵因素。隨著溶腔腔體發(fā)展變大,溶腔圍巖由于卸荷擾動(dòng),原有應(yīng)力狀態(tài)發(fā)生變化,巖體內(nèi)應(yīng)力發(fā)生重分布,產(chǎn)生位移變形,當(dāng)巖體應(yīng)力大于其屈服強(qiáng)度后,就會(huì)發(fā)生破壞,所以,為了防止由于大規(guī)模的垮塌變形造成堵塞溶腔通道進(jìn)行修井和破壞生產(chǎn)套管及中心油管的情況發(fā)生,了解溶腔發(fā)育過程中溶腔周圍巖體應(yīng)力和應(yīng)變分布情況及破壞范圍是很有必要的,同時(shí),研究水平溶腔圍巖穩(wěn)定性對(duì)布井設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)預(yù)留礦柱的大小也有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。本文以kazan天然堿礦區(qū)地質(zhì)條件為背景,利用FLAC3D軟件建立簡(jiǎn)化模型,模擬不同規(guī)模水平溶腔圍巖的應(yīng)力分布和應(yīng)變情況,希望能給卡贊天然堿礦的開采帶來力所能及的幫助。
[Abstract]:Water solution mining is an important mining method developed according to the characteristics of some minerals that are soluble in water. It has many advantages, such as low input cost, low labor intensity, safety and environmental protection, etc. The main classification is as follows: chamber water solution mining and drilling water solution production (single well and well group production), in which the well group water solution mining is divided into natural connectivity according to the mining technology. The development of water-soluble mining technology is changing with each passing day. This method was widely used in mining underground rock salt deposits at first, and then gradually applied to mining potash ore with the maturity of technology. The background of this paper is "Underground Engineering of Kazan Natural Alkali dissolution Mining Project", horizontal docking well technology, dissolution and production of natural alkali. The influence factors on the concentration and total alkalinity of brine in natural alkali mining are studied in part through theoretical and experimental data, and the simplified model of horizontal solution cavity is used, and the numerical simulation software is used to analyze and study the factors affecting the concentration and total alkalinity of the brine. The stability of the cavities and the safety of ore pillars during the development of horizontal solution cavities are studied. The dissolution process of natural alkali ores is a very complicated process during the exploitation of natural alkali by horizontal docking wells. There are many factors that affect the concentration of brine, such as ore taste, solvent condition, extraction technology and cavity shape, etc. Based on the controllable factors of solvent injection temperature, solvent injection flow rate, solvent ratio and mining technology, this paper analyzes the specific conditions that affect the concentration and total alkalinity of natural alkali brine. The development of horizontal cavities is also a key concern, because the shape and size of horizontal cavities are also an important factor affecting the concentration of brine. The development and stability of the cavity is also a very important factor in the process of water solution mining. With the development of the cavity, the original stress state changes due to the unloading disturbance of the surrounding rock mass, and the stress in the rock mass redistributes, resulting in displacement and deformation. When the stress of rock mass is greater than its yield strength, the rock mass will be destroyed. So, in order to prevent the blockage of cavities due to large-scale collapse and deformation to repair wells and destroy production casing and central tubing, It is necessary to understand the stress and strain distribution and failure range of rock mass around the cavity during the development of the cavity. The study of the stability of horizontal cavities surrounding rock is also of great significance to the size of the reserved pillars in the design of well distribution. In this paper, based on the geological conditions of the kazan natural alkali mine area, a simplified model is established by using FLAC3D software. In order to simulate the stress distribution and strain of the surrounding rock of different scale horizontal solution cavities, it is hoped that it can help the mining of Kazan natural alkali mine as much as it can.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD871
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本文編號(hào)：1583108