本文關(guān)鍵詞： 低灰 細粒 絮凝浮選　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著采煤機械化的發(fā)展、重介選煤粒度下限的降低及粗煤泥分選工藝的完善,浮選入料中微細級含量逐漸增加,這對浮選過程具有重要影響。一方面,以微細粒級為主的煤泥,浮選速度慢,浮選時間長,微細粒煤泥在短時間內(nèi)難以礦化及升浮,容易損失在尾煤中,而造成精煤產(chǎn)率的下降;另一方面,微細粒煤泥由于其比表面積大,在浮選過程中會吸附大量的藥劑,造成藥劑消耗過高。因此微細粒煤泥的分選過程研究具有重要意義。本文以山西某選煤廠低灰細粒入浮煤泥為研究對象,對其基本性質(zhì)進行了分析,考察了其常規(guī)浮選行為,并深入探討了采用絮凝浮選的方法來強化微細粒煤泥回收的可行性及過程,最后對工業(yè)浮選系統(tǒng)進行絮凝浮選研究,證實了絮凝浮選的實踐意義。論文所研究的煤泥為低灰細粒煤泥,其中灰分約為13.5%,0.045 mm粒級產(chǎn)率約為70%;煤泥中間密度級產(chǎn)率較少,解離較好;煤中礦物質(zhì)以高嶺石、多水高嶺石等粘土礦物為主;煤中含有較多的疏水性基團,而親水性基團含量較少。在煤泥的常規(guī)浮選試驗中,與捕收劑相比,起泡劑的種類及用量對分選效果具有更加顯著的影響,其中采用仲辛醇作為起泡劑,浮選精煤產(chǎn)率及灰分最高;全粒級及窄粒級浮選速度試驗證實,煤泥中微細粒級含量越多,其浮選速度越慢,浮選時間越長;在自由充氣的條件下,浮選過程中浮選機的轉(zhuǎn)速越高,浮選精煤產(chǎn)率及灰分也越高。在柴油用量均為200 g/t,仲辛醇用量均為100 g/t,浮選機轉(zhuǎn)速均為1800 r/min的條件下,與常規(guī)浮選相比,絮凝浮選在絮凝劑X用量為20 g/t時,產(chǎn)率及灰分的增幅最大,分別為4.32%和1.30%;相比常規(guī)浮選,絮凝浮選能在一定程度上提高煤泥浮選速度;絮凝浮選能絮凝浮選適合應(yīng)用于微細粒級含量較多的煤泥分選過程中;絮凝浮選與常規(guī)浮選相比,其浮選完善指標(biāo)在一定程度上是下降的,這可能是由于絮凝劑對微細粒煤泥的非選擇性絮凝及絮凝浮選過程中水流的非選擇性夾帶作用增強所導(dǎo)致。工業(yè)浮選試驗證實,在相同的分選條件下,與常規(guī)浮選相比,絮凝浮選在滿足相應(yīng)精煤灰分要求的前提下,能提高精煤產(chǎn)率7.84%,此時對應(yīng)絮凝劑的用量為30 g/t;分選產(chǎn)品篩分試驗證明,與常規(guī)分選相比,絮凝浮選能明顯提高0.045mm粒級煤泥的回收;當(dāng)入料流量為450 m3/h,循環(huán)泵頻率為41 Hz時,能為絮凝浮選提供較好的分選環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:With the development of mechanization of coal mining, the lower limit of coal size in heavy medium preparation and the improvement of separation technology of coarse coal slime, the content of fine grade in flotation feed increases gradually, which has an important effect on the flotation process. The flotation rate is slow, the flotation time is long, the fine coal slime is difficult to be mineralized and floated in a short time, and it is easy to lose in the tail coal, which results in the decrease of the yield of the fine coal. On the other hand, because of its large specific surface area, the fine grained slime has a large specific surface area. A large number of reagents will be adsorbed in the flotation process, resulting in excessive consumption of reagents. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the separation process of fine coal slime. In this paper, a coal preparation plant in Shanxi Province low ash fine particles into floating slime as an object of study. The basic properties were analyzed, the conventional flotation behavior was investigated, the feasibility and process of using flocculation flotation method to strengthen the recovery of fine coal slime were discussed. Finally, the flocculation flotation of industrial flotation system was studied. The practical significance of flocculation flotation is confirmed. The coal slime studied in this paper is low ash fine coal slime, in which the ash content is about 13.5mm / 0.045 mm grain yield is about 70mm, the intermediate density grade yield of coal slime is less and the dissociation is better, and the minerals in coal are kaolinite, kaolinite, kaolinite, kaolinite, kaolinite, kaolinite, kaolinite, etc. Clay minerals such as polyhydrated kaolinite are dominant, and coal contains more hydrophobic groups, but less hydrophilic groups. In the conventional flotation tests of coal slime, compared with the collector, The type and amount of foaming agent have a more significant effect on the separation effect, among which, the flotation concentrate coal yield and ash content are the highest by using secondary octanol as foaming agent, and the test of flotation speed of whole and narrow particle level proves that the more fine particles content in coal slime, the higher the content of fine particles in coal slime. The slower the flotation speed and the longer the flotation time, the higher the speed of flotation machine in the process of flotation. The higher the yield and ash content of floatation coal is, the higher the production rate and ash content are. Under the conditions that diesel oil consumption is 200 g / t, secondary octanol consumption is 100 g / t, and flotation machine speed is 1800 r / min, compared with conventional floatation, flocculating floatation can be achieved when the dosage of flocculant X is 20 g / t. Compared with conventional flotation, flocculation flotation can improve the speed of slime flotation to a certain extent, flocculation floatation can be used in the separation process of coal slime with more fine particle content, and the increase of yield and ash content is 4.32% and 1.30 respectively, and flocculation flotation can improve the speed of slime flotation to a certain extent, and flocculation floatation can be used in the separation process of coal slime with more fine particles. Compared with conventional floatation, the improvement index of flocculation flotation is decreased to some extent. This may be due to the non-selective flocculation of fine coal slime and the enhancement of non-selective entrainment of water flow during flocculation flotation. The industrial flotation experiments show that under the same separation conditions, compared with conventional flotation, Flocculation floatation can improve the yield of clean coal 7.84g / t on the premise of meeting the requirement of ash content of corresponding clean coal, and the corresponding dosage of flocculant is 30 g / t. The screening test of separation product proves that, compared with conventional separation, the flocculating floatation can increase the yield of clean coal. Flocculation flotation can obviously increase the recovery of 0.045mm granular slime, and when the feed flow rate is 450 m3 / h and the circulating pump frequency is 41 Hz, it can provide a better separation environment for flocculating flotation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TD94

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