本文關(guān)鍵詞： 急傾斜煤層 層間巖柱 應(yīng)力撬轉(zhuǎn)效應(yīng) 誘災(zāi)傾向預(yù)測(cè) 災(zāi)害防治　出處：《西安科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：急傾斜煤層賦存環(huán)境特殊,動(dòng)力災(zāi)害頻發(fā)。烏東煤礦急傾斜煤層層間夾持巨厚巖柱,巖柱破裂、失穩(wěn)是誘發(fā)開(kāi)采空間動(dòng)力災(zāi)害事故的力源之一,巖柱失穩(wěn)誘發(fā)動(dòng)災(zāi)事故嚴(yán)重制約礦井安全生產(chǎn)。急傾斜賦存條件與高階段水平分段開(kāi)采方法決定了巖柱失穩(wěn)機(jī)制與誘災(zāi)過(guò)程具有復(fù)雜性,因而開(kāi)展急傾斜煤層層間巖柱動(dòng)力失穩(wěn)致災(zāi)研究具有重要意義。論文以烏東煤礦南采區(qū)急傾斜煤層層間巨厚巖柱為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)地質(zhì)條件調(diào)查,分析動(dòng)力災(zāi)害影響因素;基于急傾斜煤巖體結(jié)構(gòu)特征構(gòu)建力學(xué)模型,揭示巖柱失穩(wěn)致災(zāi)機(jī)制;借助FLAC3D數(shù)值計(jì)算軟件,驗(yàn)證力學(xué)模型的合理性;運(yùn)用聲發(fā)射、地質(zhì)雷達(dá)等監(jiān)測(cè)手段,預(yù)測(cè)巖柱動(dòng)力失穩(wěn)誘災(zāi)傾向性區(qū)域,提出動(dòng)力災(zāi)害防治措施,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)施并評(píng)估防治效果。地質(zhì)調(diào)查表明硬底-硬煤-硬頂條件下煤層、頂板厚度大,層間巖柱(頂、底板)堅(jiān)固完整,為動(dòng)力災(zāi)害的發(fā)生提供了基礎(chǔ)條件,烏東煤礦南采區(qū)開(kāi)采深度350m,在當(dāng)前開(kāi)采條件下達(dá)到了動(dòng)力災(zāi)害頻發(fā)臨界開(kāi)采深度;基于急傾斜煤巖結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)建了急傾斜巖柱應(yīng)力撬轉(zhuǎn)效應(yīng)(stress leverage rotation effect,SLRE)力學(xué)模型,應(yīng)力撬轉(zhuǎn)作用為動(dòng)力災(zāi)害的發(fā)生提供了力源條件;數(shù)值計(jì)算表明巖柱基座出現(xiàn)活化,運(yùn)動(dòng)趨勢(shì)顯著,巖柱變形矢量特征與巖柱撬轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)趨勢(shì)相吻合;分析現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),煤巖體能量釋放總體呈現(xiàn) 平緩-升高-平緩‖變化特征,并顯現(xiàn)出一定的周期性(23-30天),巖柱失穩(wěn)致災(zāi)過(guò)程可分為擾動(dòng)破裂、應(yīng)力擠壓、斷裂失穩(wěn)和應(yīng)力重構(gòu)4個(gè)階段;結(jié)合監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果與巖柱失穩(wěn)致災(zāi)機(jī)制,考慮巖性、開(kāi)采等動(dòng)力災(zāi)害孕育條件,預(yù)測(cè)了當(dāng)前開(kāi)采條件下巖柱動(dòng)力失穩(wěn)誘災(zāi)傾向區(qū)域,分別位于B1-2煤層+500m~+510m區(qū)域開(kāi)采煤體、B3-6煤層+475m~+485m區(qū)域巖柱側(cè)煤體;依據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果,提出煤層注水、巖柱注水、巖柱深孔爆破等動(dòng)力災(zāi)害防治措施并確定相關(guān)參數(shù),經(jīng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)施與效果評(píng)價(jià),動(dòng)力災(zāi)害防治措施科學(xué)有效。研究結(jié)果對(duì)相似開(kāi)采條件下動(dòng)力災(zāi)害的防治具有借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:The occurrence environment of steeply inclined coal seam is special and the dynamic disasters occur frequently. The rock column is broken and the instability is one of the sources of inducing the spatial dynamic disaster accident in Wudong Coal Mine, which is held between the layers of the steeply inclined coal seam, and the rock column is broken. Rock column instability induced dynamic disaster seriously restricts the safety of mine production. The occurrence condition of steep slope and the high level mining method determine the complexity of rock column instability mechanism and disaster induction process. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the dynamic instability of rock column in steep seam. This paper takes the interlayer thick rock column of steep inclined coal seam in the south mining area of Wudong Coal Mine as the research object, and analyzes the influencing factors of dynamic disaster through the investigation of geological conditions. Based on the structural characteristics of steeply inclined coal and rock mass, the mechanical model is constructed to reveal the mechanism of rock column instability, the rationality of the mechanical model is verified by means of FLAC3D numerical calculation software, and the monitoring means such as acoustic emission and geological radar are used. Prediction of dynamic instability induced disaster prone area of rock column, put forward dynamic disaster prevention measures, field implementation and evaluation of the prevention and control effect. Geological investigation shows that the coal seam under the condition of hard bottom, hard coal and hard roof, the roof thickness is large, and the interlayer rock column (top). The bottom slab) is solid and complete, which provides the basic conditions for the occurrence of dynamic disasters. The mining depth in the south mining area of Wudong Coal Mine is 350 m, and under the current mining conditions, the critical mining depth of frequent dynamic disasters has been reached; based on the structure of steeply inclined coal and rock, The stress leverage rotation effect SLREE (stress leverage rotation effect SLREE) mechanical model of steeply inclined rock column is constructed. The stress prying effect provides the force source for the occurrence of the dynamic disaster, and the numerical calculation shows that the rock column foundation is activated and the movement trend is obvious. The characteristics of rock column deformation vector are consistent with the movement trend of rock pillar prying, and the energy release of coal and rock mass is generally characterized by flat-level-heaving and flattening variation by analyzing the field monitoring data. The process of rock column instability can be divided into four stages: disturbance rupture, stress compression, fracture instability and stress reconstruction. Under the condition of mining and other dynamic disasters, the tendency of rock pillar dynamic instability induced disaster is predicted, which is located in 500m ~ 510m area of B1-2 coal seam, mining coal body in 475m ~ 485m area of coal seam B3-6, according to the prediction results, The measures of preventing and controlling dynamic disasters such as coal seam water injection, rock column water injection and rock pillar deep hole blasting are put forward, and the relevant parameters are determined, which are carried out on the spot and evaluated for the effect. The results can be used for reference in the prevention and treatment of dynamic disasters under similar mining conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD823.213

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