本文關(guān)鍵詞： 立磨 搖臂 參數(shù)化 有限元 結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化 遺傳算法　出處：《江西理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：立式輥磨機(jī)是一種用于物料粉磨的大型設(shè)備,在水泥、陶瓷、礦山、冶金等行業(yè)中廣泛使用。搖臂是立磨加載系統(tǒng)的重要部件,起著傳遞磨輥碾壓力的重要作用,對(duì)立磨的可靠性和安全性起著重要作用。當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)的立磨設(shè)計(jì),主要靠引進(jìn)消化吸收國(guó)外技術(shù),存在部分關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題研究不夠深入,設(shè)計(jì)基于經(jīng)驗(yàn)等問(wèn)題,且設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中重復(fù)工作量大,效率不高,不能根據(jù)用戶要求,實(shí)現(xiàn)快速設(shè)計(jì)。本文以某型號(hào)立式礦渣磨主輥搖臂為研究對(duì)象,針對(duì)搖臂質(zhì)量較大、設(shè)計(jì)效率低下等問(wèn)題,將搖臂結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)化,基于ANSYS參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)言和遺傳算法對(duì)其進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)分析和優(yōu)化,論文主要進(jìn)行了以下工作:(1)詳細(xì)分析了立式礦渣磨的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)及工藝流程,并介紹了遺傳算法的主要步驟及計(jì)算過(guò)程中控制參數(shù)的確定方法,主要包括種群大小、交叉變異率和收斂準(zhǔn)則等參數(shù)。(2)對(duì)主輥搖臂系統(tǒng)的油壓變化進(jìn)行了測(cè)量,將測(cè)得的數(shù)據(jù)作為后續(xù)分析時(shí)的載荷步。之后選取主輥搖臂六個(gè)部位的尺寸作為參數(shù),基于ANSYS APDL語(yǔ)言編寫參數(shù)化有限元分析過(guò)程的命令流。在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)搖臂進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)分析,得到了六個(gè)尺寸參數(shù)對(duì)最大應(yīng)力、位移及一階自振頻率的影響規(guī)律。(3)以搖臂質(zhì)量最小化為目標(biāo)構(gòu)建結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型,融合ANSYS APDL語(yǔ)言和數(shù)值計(jì)算軟件MATLAB中集成的遺傳算法工具箱求解優(yōu)化模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)了優(yōu)化計(jì)算過(guò)程中MATLAB對(duì)ANSYS的后臺(tái)調(diào)用和兩者間的參數(shù)傳遞。分析了遺傳計(jì)算過(guò)程中質(zhì)量、最大應(yīng)力、位移以及一階自振頻率隨遺傳進(jìn)化代數(shù)的變化規(guī)律,并分析了不同變異率對(duì)遺傳算法計(jì)算過(guò)程的影響。上述研究工作為搖臂的結(jié)構(gòu)分析和優(yōu)化提供了理論和技術(shù)參考,對(duì)立磨輕量化和經(jīng)濟(jì)性具有重要意義,參數(shù)化模型的建立,實(shí)現(xiàn)了搖臂建模和分析計(jì)算的自動(dòng)化,大大減小了建模和分析的工作量,提高了設(shè)計(jì)效率,對(duì)同類型問(wèn)題有一定的參考意義。
[Abstract]:Vertical roller mill is a kind of large equipment used for grinding materials. It is widely used in cement, ceramics, mining, metallurgy and other industries. Rocker arm is an important part of vertical mill loading system and plays an important role in transferring roller pressure. It plays an important role in the reliability and safety of vertical mill. At present, the design of vertical mill in China mainly depends on the introduction of digestion and absorption of foreign technology, and some key problems are not deeply studied, and the design is based on experience, etc. In the design process, the repetitive workload is large, the efficiency is not high, and the rapid design can not be realized according to the requirements of the user. This paper takes a certain type of vertical slag mill main roller rocker arm as the research object, aiming at the problems of the rocker arm quality is large, the design efficiency is low, and so on. The structure of rocker arm is parameterized and analyzed and optimized based on ANSYS parametric design language and genetic algorithm. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the structural characteristics and technological process of vertical slag mill are analyzed in detail. The main steps of genetic algorithm and the method of determining control parameters in the calculation process are introduced, including population size, crossover variation rate and convergence criterion. The oil pressure variation of the main roll rocker arm system is measured. The measured data is taken as the load step in the subsequent analysis. Then the dimensions of six parts of the main roller rocker arm are selected as parameters, and the command flow of the parameterized finite element analysis process is compiled based on the ANSYS APDL language. On this basis, the structure of the rocker arm is analyzed. The influence of six dimension parameters on the maximum stress, displacement and first-order natural vibration frequency is obtained. The mathematical model of structural optimization is constructed with the aim of minimizing the mass of the rocker arm. The optimization model is solved by integrating the genetic algorithm toolbox integrated in ANSYS APDL language and numerical calculation software MATLAB. The backstage call of MATLAB to ANSYS and the parameter transfer between them in the process of optimization calculation are realized. The quality of genetic calculation process is analyzed. The variation of maximum stress, displacement and first-order natural vibration frequency with genetic evolution algebra, The effects of different mutation rates on the calculation process of genetic algorithm are analyzed. The above research work provides a theoretical and technical reference for the structure analysis and optimization of rocker arm, which is of great significance to the lightweight and economical of vertical mill, and the establishment of parameterized model. It realizes the automation of modeling and analysis of rocker arm, greatly reduces the workload of modeling and analysis, improves the design efficiency, and has a certain reference significance for the same type of problems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TD453

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