本文關(guān)鍵詞： 大流量液控單向閥 單向流固耦合 動態(tài)特性 實驗研究 設(shè)計方法　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著高產(chǎn)高效采煤工作面的迅速發(fā)展,要求支架用大流量液控單向閥向高壓大流量方向發(fā)展,并對其可靠性及壽命提出了更高要求。支架卸載時,大流量液控單向閥反向打開,立柱下腔的高水基乳化液大量且快速地溢出,此過程中,系統(tǒng)往往伴隨著巨大的沖擊,過高的沖擊壓力不僅會損壞支架上的液壓設(shè)備,嚴(yán)重時還會造成管路接口的斷裂,導(dǎo)致重大事故。由于缺少設(shè)計理論指導(dǎo),設(shè)計方法落后,同時國內(nèi)缺少近似工況的大流量液控單向閥性能實驗臺,使得我國研制的大流量液控單向閥產(chǎn)品與國外差距較大。針對此問題,本文對支架用大流量液控單向閥的設(shè)計方法及實驗進(jìn)行了研究,主要包括以下幾個方面:首先,基于FDY800/50大流量液控單向閥進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)及關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的初步設(shè)計。建立了三維流道幾何模型,運用FLUENT軟件對大流量液控單向閥的內(nèi)部流場進(jìn)行了流體動力學(xué)分析;用ANSYS Workbench對其大、小閥芯進(jìn)行了單向流固耦合分析。研究了閥芯不同開口度和小閥芯不同半錐角下大流量液控單向閥的流體動力學(xué)規(guī)律和大、小閥芯的應(yīng)力以及變形情況。研究表明,閥芯開口度越大、小閥芯半錐角越大,液壓支架卸載過程中的沖擊和流體能量損失越小,大、小閥芯的等效應(yīng)力越小,且都滿足45#鋼的許用強(qiáng)度。其次,應(yīng)用AMESim軟件在大流量液控單向閥動態(tài)特性數(shù)學(xué)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了大流量液控單向閥的動態(tài)仿真模型。通過仿真得到了大流量液控單向閥的動態(tài)特性曲線,對比分析了不同小閥芯半錐角和不同控制壓力對大流量液控單向閥動態(tài)性能的影響。仿真結(jié)果表明,增大控制壓力和小閥芯半錐角能有效減小卸載時的壓力沖擊,增加開啟過程中的穩(wěn)定性,顯著地提高大流量液控單向閥的動態(tài)特性。最后,搭建蓄能器-增壓缸實驗系統(tǒng),對大流量液控單向閥進(jìn)行了實驗研究。通過實驗分析研究了大流量液控單向閥的工作過程和動態(tài)特性,同時將實驗結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,驗證了仿真結(jié)果的正確性。實驗研究表明,小閥芯半錐角越大、控制壓力越高,大流量液控單向閥的動態(tài)性能越好。本文以小閥芯不同半錐角為主線,從結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計、單向流固耦合分析、動態(tài)仿真分析和實驗研究方面系統(tǒng)地建立了大流量液控單向閥的設(shè)計方法,同時把其關(guān)鍵部件進(jìn)行流單向固耦合分析,為液壓支架用閥的部件設(shè)計和校核提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of high yield and high efficiency coal mining face, it is required that the high flow hydraulic control unidirectional valve should be developed to the high pressure and large flow direction, and the reliability and life of the support should be higher. When the support is unloaded, the large flow hydraulic control one way valve opens in reverse. The high water base emulsion in the lower chamber of the column overflows rapidly. In this process, the system is often accompanied by a huge impact, too high impact pressure will not only damage the hydraulic equipment on the support, but also lead to the breakage of the pipe interface. Because of the lack of design theory guidance, the design method is backward, at the same time the domestic lack of large flow hydraulic control valve performance test table, In order to solve this problem, this paper studies the design method and experiment of large flow hydraulic one-way valve for support, which includes the following aspects: first, Based on FDY800/50, the structure and key parameters of the valve are preliminarily designed. A 3D flow channel geometry model is established, and the internal flow field of the valve is analyzed by FLUENT software. The flow field of the valve is analyzed by ANSYS Workbench, and the flow field of the valve is analyzed by ANSYS Workbench. The unidirectional fluid-solid coupling analysis of small spool is carried out. The hydrodynamic law, stress and deformation of large flow hydraulic unidirectional valve with different opening degree and different half cone angle of small valve core are studied. The larger the opening degree of the valve core, the greater the half cone angle of the small valve core, the smaller the impact and the loss of fluid energy during unloading of the hydraulic support, the smaller the equivalent stress of the small valve core, and all of which meet the allowable strength of 4 steel. Secondly, Based on the mathematical model of the dynamic characteristics of the large flow hydraulic control one way valve, the dynamic simulation model of the large flow hydraulic control one way valve is established by using AMESim software, and the dynamic characteristic curve of the large flow liquid control one way valve is obtained by simulation. The effects of different half cone angle of small valve core and different control pressure on the dynamic performance of liquid controlled unidirectional valve with large flow are analyzed. The simulation results show that increasing the control pressure and the half cone angle of small valve core can effectively reduce the pressure shock during unloading. The stability of the valve during the opening process is increased, and the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic one-way valve with large flow rate are significantly improved. Finally, an experimental system of accumulator and pressurized cylinder is built. In this paper, the working process and dynamic characteristics of the large flow hydraulic control one-way valve are analyzed and compared with the simulation results, and the experimental results are compared with the simulation results. The experimental results show that the larger the half cone angle of the small valve core is, the higher the control pressure is, the better the dynamic performance of the large flow hydraulic control one-way valve is. The main line of this paper is the different half cone angle of the small valve core. In the aspects of unidirectional fluid-solid coupling analysis, dynamic simulation analysis and experimental research, the design method of large flow hydraulic control one-way valve is systematically established. At the same time, the key components of the valve are analyzed by flow unidirectional solid coupling analysis. It provides a new idea for the design and checking of the valve for hydraulic support.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD355

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本文編號：1501375