本文關(guān)鍵詞：甘肅某金礦礦井下涌水凈化試驗研究　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 金礦井下涌水 砷 銻 氰化物 化學(xué)需氧量

【摘要】：礦山開采過程中會產(chǎn)生大量礦井涌水,其形成來自兩個方面:一方面是因為采礦過程中破壞了地層原有的含水層、隔水層和導(dǎo)水?dāng)鄬?另一方面是因為采礦作業(yè)引起了圍巖巖層的移動和地表塌陷,所以產(chǎn)生地下水或者地表水向井筒或巷道涌水的現(xiàn)象。井下涌水中常伴隨有許多重金屬、有毒有害物質(zhì),如果不經(jīng)適當(dāng)處理外排到附近的水系,會使得項目周邊地表水和地下水受到嚴(yán)重污染。本課題主要對甘肅某金礦礦井下涌水中砷、銻、氰化物、COD的去除進(jìn)行研究。根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)保部門的要求,該地區(qū)外排水水質(zhì)應(yīng)達(dá)到地表水環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(GB3838-2002)中Ⅱ類標(biāo)準(zhǔn),砷的限值為≤0.05mg/L,COD限值為≤15mg/L,氰化物限值為≤0.05mg/L,銻的限值采用集中式生活飲用水地表水源地特定項目標(biāo)準(zhǔn),限值為≤0.005mg/L。試驗研究首先對砷和銻、氰化物和COD的去除分別進(jìn)行研究。針對砷、銻,探究了混凝沉淀法及氧化-混凝法對這兩種污染物的去除效果。針對氰化物和COD,探究了絡(luò)合沉淀法和堿性氯化法除氰化物和COD的能力。最后根據(jù)對兩組污染物分別進(jìn)行的去除試驗進(jìn)行聯(lián)合試驗研究,提出了可使井下涌水中4種目標(biāo)污染物質(zhì)同時達(dá)標(biāo)的試驗方案。得出的主要結(jié)論如下:(1)氧化-混凝-石灰沉淀法對去除井下涌水中的砷、銻效果顯著,其最佳反應(yīng)條件為:FeSO_4投加量為2000 mg/L、溶解氧含量為10mg/L、曝氣時間60min,石灰投加量為1000mg/L。(2)在針對氰化物和COD的試驗研究中,次氯酸鈣和二氧化氯具有良好的氧化效果。當(dāng)氧化時間控制在45min,Ca(ClO)_2投加量為180mg/L,pH控制在10.5-11.5區(qū)間時,Ca(ClO)_2氧化去除CN-離子及COD的效果為最佳。在用二氧化氯氧化CN-離子及COD的單因素條件試驗中,p H值控制在8.5-10.5,氧化30min,ClO_2投加量為7.5mg/L時,ClO_2氧化去除CN-、COD的效果為最佳。(3)根據(jù)對砷和銻、氰化物和COD分別探討出的有效去除方法,使井下涌水中4種目標(biāo)污染物質(zhì)同時達(dá)標(biāo)的推薦方案為:硫酸亞鐵-次氯酸鈣聯(lián)合處理工藝或硫酸亞鐵-二氧化氯聯(lián)合處理工藝。
[Abstract]:In the process of mining will produce a large number of mine water, its formation from two aspects: one is because the mining process destroys the original formation aquifer, aquiclude and water conductive fault, on the other hand because of mining operations caused by the surrounding rock movement and surface subsidence, so groundwater or surface water into the well or roadway water gushing phenomenon. Underground water inflow is often accompanied with many heavy metals, toxic and harmful substances, if not treated properly discharged into the nearby river, the project of surface water and groundwater is seriously polluted. The main topic of Gansu of a gold mine under water arsenic, antimony, cyanide, for removal of COD the local environmental protection department. According to the requirements of the region, and the outlet water quality should meet the environmental quality standards for surface water (GB3838-2002) in the class II standard, arsenic limit is less than or equal to 0.05mg/L, the limit value is less than or equal to COD 15mg/L, cyanide limit is less than 0.05mg/L, antimony limits the use of centralized drinking water sources project specific standard, the limit value for the experimental study of arsenic and antimony is less than 0.005mg/L., removal of cyanide and COD were studied. For arsenic, antimony, explores the coagulation and sedimentation method and oxidation - coagulation method of the two kinds of pollutants removal efficiency. For cyanide and COD, to explore the complex precipitation method and alkaline chlorination and cyanide removal ability of COD. Based on the test of the two groups were respectively the removal of pollutants were combined with experimental research, put forward the test scheme and standard 4 kinds of target pollutants in underground water inflow. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) oxidation coagulation precipitation on the removal of underground water gushing in arsenic, antimony effect, the optimum reaction conditions were FeSO_4 dosage is 2000 mg/L, the dissolved oxygen content of 10mg/L, aeration 60min, the lime dosage of 1000mg/L. (2) in the experimental study on cyanide and COD, calcium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide oxidation has a good effect. When the oxidation time of 45min and Ca (ClO) _2 dosage of 180mg/L, pH control in the range of 10.5-11.5, Ca and CN- (ClO) ion removal COD oxidation of _2 had the best effect. In the condition of single factor with chlorine dioxide oxidation of CN- ion and COD test, P H control in 8.5-10.5, the oxidation of 30min, ClO_2 dosage is 7.5mg/L, the removal of CN- ClO_2 oxidation, COD had the best effect. (3) according to the method of effectively removing arsenic and antimony. Cyanide and COD respectively to explore the recommended scheme of the underground water gushing, 4 kinds of target pollutants and standard: ferrous sulfate and calcium hypochlorite treatment process or ferrous sulfate and chlorine dioxide combined process.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TD742

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