【摘要】：汽車起重機(jī)是一種應(yīng)用非常廣泛的行走式起重設(shè)備,其起升系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)性能的好壞對(duì)于產(chǎn)品的整機(jī)性能至關(guān)重要。當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)汽車起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和各個(gè)元器件的選擇是按系統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)性能進(jìn)行理論計(jì)算以及憑設(shè)計(jì)人員的經(jīng)驗(yàn),所設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)需要等到產(chǎn)品成型之后經(jīng)過測(cè)試才能夠清楚其動(dòng)態(tài)使用性能的好壞。如果系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)不合理,動(dòng)態(tài)性能不夠理想,就必須進(jìn)行重新設(shè)計(jì),這將延長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)周期并增加研發(fā)成本。在系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)完成以后,采用計(jì)算機(jī)仿真技術(shù)對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析,對(duì)系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)性能作出評(píng)估,當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)有不足之處時(shí)改進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)或者修正系統(tǒng)的參數(shù),可使結(jié)果滿足要求。 本文以某型汽車起重機(jī)的起升系統(tǒng)作為研究對(duì)象,利用AMESIM仿真軟件深入分析了起升系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)特性。 (1)分析了起升機(jī)構(gòu)及液壓系統(tǒng)的原理,然后對(duì)整個(gè)起升系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)過程進(jìn)行了反推計(jì)算,確定了起升系統(tǒng)大部分參數(shù),為后續(xù)的仿真工作打下了基礎(chǔ)。 (2)利用AMESIM仿真軟件對(duì)起升系統(tǒng)下降工況的關(guān)鍵元件平衡閥進(jìn)行了仿真建模,并初步確定了模型的正確性。 (3)對(duì)整個(gè)起升系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了仿真建模,將其分為起升和下降兩個(gè)典型的工況進(jìn)行分析,同時(shí)對(duì)起升系統(tǒng)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的二次下滑現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了仿真研究,找出了影響其幅度的主要因素,并提出了相應(yīng)的解決方案。 (4)分析了起升系統(tǒng)下降工況的液壓泵的能耗,闡明了負(fù)載敏感平衡閥較之于傳統(tǒng)平衡閥更為節(jié)能的原因,同時(shí)指出,起升工況中根據(jù)負(fù)載的大小適當(dāng)調(diào)節(jié)變量泵的排量有利于降低柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的油耗率,減少能量損耗。 本文利用AMESIM軟件建立了起升系統(tǒng)的模型,對(duì)各個(gè)變量的仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析和研究,為汽車起重機(jī)起升系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和改進(jìn)提供了相關(guān)的理論依據(jù),同時(shí)將AMESIM仿真軟件應(yīng)用到了汽車起重機(jī)起升系統(tǒng)的研究當(dāng)中,具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:Truck crane is a kind of walking lifting equipment which is widely used. The dynamic performance of its lifting system is very important to the performance of the whole product. At present, the design of hydraulic system of truck crane in China and the selection of each component are calculated theoretically according to the static performance of the system and with the experience of designers, the designed system needs to wait until the product is formed and tested before it can know the dynamic performance of the system. If the design of the system is unreasonable and the dynamic performance is not ideal, it must be redesigned, which will prolong the design cycle of the product and increase the cost of research and development. After the design of the system is completed, the computer simulation technology is used to analyze it, and the dynamic performance of the system is evaluated. When the shortcomings are found, the structure of the system can be improved or the parameters of the system can be modified, so that the results can meet the requirements. In this paper, the lifting system of a certain truck crane is taken as the research object, and the dynamic characteristics of the lifting system are deeply analyzed by using AMESIM simulation software. The main contents are as follows: (1) the principle of lifting mechanism and hydraulic system is analyzed, and then the design process of the whole lifting system is calculated back, and most of the parameters of the lifting system are determined, which lays a foundation for the subsequent simulation work. (2) the AMESIM simulation software is used to simulate the balance valve of the key components in the descending condition of the lifting system, and the correctness of the model is preliminarily determined. (3) the whole lifting system is simulated and modeled, which is divided into two typical working conditions: lifting and falling. At the same time, the secondary decline phenomenon of lifting system is simulated, the main factors affecting its amplitude are found out, and the corresponding solutions are put forward. (4) the energy consumption of the hydraulic pump under the falling condition of the lifting system is analyzed, and the reason why the load sensitive balance valve is more energy-saving than the traditional balance valve is expounded. At the same time, it is pointed out that properly adjusting the displacement of the variable pump according to the size of the load in the lifting condition is beneficial to reduce the fuel consumption rate and energy loss of the diesel engine. In this paper, the model of lifting system is established by using AMESIM software, and the simulation results of each variable are analyzed and studied, which provides the relevant theoretical basis for the design and improvement of truck crane hoisting system. At the same time, the AMESIM simulation software is applied to the research of truck crane hoisting system, which is of practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH213.6

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 雷兆虹;徐麗;游小平;李思思;汪宗應(yīng);;起重機(jī)二次起升下滑方案研究及仿真分析[J];公路與汽運(yùn);2013年03期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 徐麗;起重機(jī)液壓起升機(jī)構(gòu)二次起升下滑仿真及其改進(jìn)研究[D];長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：2497310