【摘要】：本文提出一種基于嵌入式ARM的太陽(yáng)能水泵供水控制系統(tǒng)，本控制系統(tǒng)的目的是提高太陽(yáng)能電池利用效率、提高水泵供水效率和實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能節(jié)水。 為了實(shí)現(xiàn)提高太陽(yáng)能電池利用效率的目的，系統(tǒng)提出利用2個(gè)大小功率不同的直流水泵通過(guò)3種供水方案運(yùn)用比較效率法找出最佳供水方案，，依此實(shí)現(xiàn)最佳太陽(yáng)能電池利用率。 為了實(shí)現(xiàn)提高水泵供水效率的目的，系統(tǒng)在利用最佳效率追蹤法的基礎(chǔ)上提出一種電容充放電提高水泵啟動(dòng)電流，延長(zhǎng)其工作時(shí)間，達(dá)到提高水泵工作效率的目的。 為了實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)水、節(jié)能的目的，系統(tǒng)提出通過(guò)土壤濕度傳感器檢測(cè)的土壤水分信息，由控制器實(shí)時(shí)控制電磁閥進(jìn)行灌溉，實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)水、節(jié)能的目的。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)系統(tǒng)各主要和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的分析，提出系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案，并完成系統(tǒng)控制器硬件電路和軟件設(shè)計(jì)，同時(shí)完成了試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)的建立，并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究，驗(yàn)證了方案的可行性。具體工作如下： ⑴簡(jiǎn)述了光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)外光伏水泵技術(shù)發(fā)展歷程，分析了當(dāng)前光伏水泵控制系統(tǒng)控制原理，提出選用ARM控制器。 ⑵通過(guò)分析光伏水泵控制系統(tǒng)控制器結(jié)構(gòu)原理，設(shè)計(jì)本系統(tǒng)控制器的主控制電路和試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)控制電路。分析光伏水泵供水系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)組成和工作原理，建立太陽(yáng)能水泵供水控制系統(tǒng)。 ⑶進(jìn)行光頻傳感器檢測(cè)試驗(yàn)，運(yùn)用光輻射強(qiáng)度可以影響光伏電池工作電流和影響光頻傳感器輸出頻率，建立光伏電池工作電流和光頻傳感器的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，利用控制器對(duì)光頻傳感器輸出頻率的識(shí)別，對(duì)比光伏電池工作電流，實(shí)時(shí)向繼電器發(fā)出閉合和斷開指令，啟動(dòng)水泵工作。 ⑷進(jìn)行供水控制試驗(yàn)，選用功率不同的2個(gè)水泵，通過(guò)2個(gè)水泵的啟動(dòng)時(shí)間不同和供水效率的對(duì)比，找出提高水泵供水效率的方法。 ⑸進(jìn)行水泵啟動(dòng)試驗(yàn)，運(yùn)用電容充放電啟動(dòng)因啟動(dòng)電流過(guò)大而延時(shí)啟動(dòng)的大功率水泵，提高了大功率水泵的工作時(shí)間，提高水泵工作效率。 ⑹進(jìn)行滴灌控制試驗(yàn)，利用土壤水分傳感器對(duì)作物土壤水分情況進(jìn)行測(cè)試分析，將數(shù)據(jù)以頻率的形式傳輸給控制器，控制器再啟動(dòng)水泵實(shí)施灌溉，試驗(yàn)節(jié)水、節(jié)能的目的。 ⑺設(shè)計(jì)制作了系統(tǒng)的試驗(yàn)，建立了系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)，進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究，對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a solar pump water supply control system based on embedded ARM is proposed. The purpose of this control system is to improve the utilization efficiency of solar cells, improve the water supply efficiency of pump and realize energy saving and water saving. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of solar cells, the system proposes to use two DC pumps with different size and power to find out the best water supply scheme by using three kinds of water supply schemes, so as to realize the best utilization rate of solar cells. In order to improve the water supply efficiency of water pump, on the basis of using the best efficiency tracking method, the system puts forward a kind of capacitance charge and discharge method to increase the starting current of pump, prolong its working time, and achieve the purpose of improving the working efficiency of pump. In order to realize the purpose of water saving and energy saving, the soil moisture information detected by soil humidity sensor is put forward, and the solenoid valve is controlled by the controller in real time to realize the purpose of saving water and saving energy. Based on the analysis of the main and key technologies of the system, this paper puts forward the overall design scheme of the system, completes the hardware circuit and software design of the system controller, and completes the establishment of the test platform, and carries on the experimental research to it. The feasibility of the scheme is verified. The concrete work is as follows: 1 the development of photovoltaic power generation technology is briefly described, the development history of photovoltaic pump technology at home and abroad is introduced, the control principle of current photovoltaic pump control system is analyzed, and the selection of ARM controller is put forward. (2) by analyzing the structure principle of photovoltaic pump control system controller, the main control circuit and test system control circuit of the system controller are designed. The structure and working principle of photovoltaic water pump water supply system are analyzed, and the solar water pump water supply control system is established. (3) the detection test of optical frequency sensor is carried out. The working current of photovoltaic cell and the output frequency of optical frequency sensor can be affected by the intensity of light radiation, and the corresponding relationship between the working current of photovoltaic cell and the optical frequency sensor can be established. The controller is used to identify the output frequency of the optical frequency sensor, compare the working current of the photovoltaic cell, send the closing and disconnection instructions to the relay in real time, and start the water pump. (4) the water supply control test is carried out, and two pumps with different power are selected. Through the comparison of the starting time of the two pumps and the water supply efficiency, the methods to improve the water supply efficiency of the pumps are found out. (5) the start-up test of the pump is carried out, and the capacitor charge-discharge is used to start the high-power pump which starts because the starting current is too large, which improves the working time of the high-power pump and improves the working efficiency of the pump. (6) the drip irrigation control experiment was carried out, and the soil moisture status of crops was tested and analyzed by using soil moisture sensor. The data were transmitted to the controller in the form of frequency, and the controller started the pump to irrigate, and the purpose of saving water and saving energy was tested. 7. The system test is designed and made, the system test platform is established, the experimental research is carried out, and the test results are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH38;TM615

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