【摘要】：行星架是行星減速器中承受扭矩最大的零件,它對(duì)行星輪間載荷分配有很大的影響,如何準(zhǔn)確地得到行星架的應(yīng)力和位移,并對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改進(jìn),得到一種質(zhì)量小、性能好的行星架結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)提高行星齒輪箱的高可靠性和輕量化設(shè)計(jì)具有十分重要的意義。 本課題源于國(guó)家支撐計(jì)劃“7MW級(jí)風(fēng)電機(jī)組及關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計(jì)和產(chǎn)業(yè)化技術(shù)”(NO.2012BAA01B05)。本文以風(fēng)電偏航齒輪箱行星架為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)齒輪的嚙合剛度、軸承的支承剛度和花鍵連接作用結(jié)合面進(jìn)行等效處理；建立行星架有限元等效模型,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行靜強(qiáng)度分析；分析行星架的部分結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)其應(yīng)力和變形的影響；以柔度最小為目標(biāo)函數(shù)對(duì)行星架進(jìn)行拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),根據(jù)優(yōu)化結(jié)果進(jìn)行概念設(shè)計(jì),最后進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。 首先,根據(jù)力的傳遞路徑,利用轉(zhuǎn)速、轉(zhuǎn)矩和力平衡原理對(duì)偏航齒輪箱的行星架及其他相關(guān)構(gòu)件進(jìn)行受力分析,根據(jù)給定的電機(jī)額定轉(zhuǎn)速和齒輪箱輸出扭矩計(jì)算各級(jí)行星傳動(dòng)行星輪軸的支反力。 其次,基于有限元法計(jì)算齒輪的嚙合剛度,將齒輪嚙合剛度用沿著嚙合線方向的彈簧進(jìn)行等效；利用簡(jiǎn)易計(jì)算公式計(jì)算軸承支承剛度,將支承剛度用徑向彈簧進(jìn)行等效,根據(jù)接觸滾子的數(shù)目確定彈簧數(shù)目；基于APDL語(yǔ)言對(duì)行星架進(jìn)行參數(shù)化建模,對(duì)行星架花鍵結(jié)合面采用多種彈簧布置形式進(jìn)行等效處理,得到較為理想的等效形式。 接著,對(duì)行星架進(jìn)行有限元強(qiáng)度分析,考慮嚙合剛度、支承剛度和花鍵連接的作用。分析了齒輪嚙合剛度、軸承支承剛度及行星架的雙壁間距和孔的直徑對(duì)行星架應(yīng)力和變形的影響。結(jié)果表明,軸承的支承剛度對(duì)行星架的應(yīng)力影響不能忽略,花鍵結(jié)合面等效形式不同對(duì)行星架的應(yīng)力影響較大,而齒輪的嚙合剛度只起到傳遞力的作用,在建模中可以以恒定數(shù)值代替；行星架在雙臂間距離為90mm,行星輪軸配合孔直徑為46mm時(shí),行星架的應(yīng)力最小,變形幾乎相同。 最后,以行星架的柔度最小為目標(biāo)函數(shù),分別以重要位置節(jié)點(diǎn)位移最小、體積最小為約束建立拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型�；贖yper works平臺(tái)進(jìn)行拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化,根據(jù)材料分布進(jìn)行概念設(shè)計(jì),考慮力學(xué)性能和制造工藝進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化。優(yōu)化后行星架的性能有一定的提高,以行星架柔度最小,以體積最小、關(guān)鍵位置位移最小約束時(shí),其位移分別降低了15.61%,16.66%,質(zhì)量分別減少了18.14%,11.83%,應(yīng)力一個(gè)減少13.16%,一個(gè)基本不變,達(dá)到了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)目的。這種方法對(duì)行星架設(shè)計(jì)及改進(jìn)具有很好的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:The planet frame is the most torque bearing part in the planet reducer, it has a great influence on the load distribution between the planet wheels. How to accurately obtain the stress and displacement of the planet frame, and improve its structure, get a kind of small mass. The structure of planet frame with good performance is of great significance to improve the high reliability and lightweight design of planet gearbox. This topic originates from the national support plan "7MW Class Wind Turbine and its key components Design and industrialization Technology" (NO.2012BAA01B05). In this paper, taking the planet frame of wind power yaw gearbox as the research object, the meshing stiffness of gear, the supporting stiffness of bearing and the joint surface of spline connection are treated equivalent, the finite element equivalent model of planet frame is established, and the static strength analysis is carried out. The influence of some structural parameters of the planet frame on its stress and deformation is analyzed, and the topological optimization design of the planet frame is carried out with the minimum flexibility as the objective function, and the conceptual design is carried out according to the optimization results, and finally the structure design is carried out. First of all, according to the transmission path of force, the force analysis of the planet frame and other related components of yaw gearbox is carried out by using the principle of rotating speed, torque and force balance. According to the given rated speed of the motor and the output torque of the gearbox, the support force of the planet wheel shaft of all levels of planet transmission is calculated. Secondly, based on the finite element method, the meshing stiffness of the gear is calculated, and the meshing stiffness of the gear is equivalent to the spring along the meshing line. The bearing support stiffness is calculated by using the simple calculation formula, and the bearing stiffness is equivalent to the radial spring, and the number of springs is determined according to the number of contact rollers. Based on APDL language, the parametric modeling of the planet frame is carried out, and a variety of spring arrangement forms are used to deal with the splines joint surface of the planet frame, and the ideal equivalent form is obtained. Then, the finite element strength analysis of the planet frame is carried out, and the meshing stiffness, support stiffness and spline connection are considered. The effects of gear meshing stiffness, bearing support stiffness, double wall spacing and hole diameter on the stress and deformation of the planet frame are analyzed. The results show that the influence of bearing support stiffness on the stress of planetary frame can not be ignored, and the equivalent form of splice joint surface has a great influence on the stress of walking frame, while the meshing stiffness of gear only plays the role of transmitting force. A constant value can be used instead of a constant value in modeling. When the distance between the two arms is 90 mm and the diameter of the matching hole of the planet wheel shaft is 46mm, the stress of the planet frame is the smallest and the deformation is almost the same. Finally, the mathematical models of topological optimization are established with the minimum flexibility of the walking frame as the objective function and the minimum displacement and volume of the important position nodes as the constraints, respectively. Topology optimization is carried out based on Hyper works platform, conceptual design is carried out according to material distribution, and structural optimization is carried out considering mechanical properties and manufacturing process. When the flexibility of the frame is the smallest, the volume is the smallest and the displacement of the key position is minimized, the displacement is reduced by 15.61%, 16.66% and the mass is reduced by 18.14%, respectively. 11.83%, the stress is reduced by 13.16%, and the other is basically unchanged, which achieves the purpose of optimization design. This method has a good guiding significance for the design and improvement of the planet frame.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH132.46

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 程耿東;關(guān)于桁架結(jié)構(gòu)拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化中的奇異最優(yōu)解[J];大連理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2000年04期

2 程耿東，，張東旭;受應(yīng)力約束的平面彈性體的拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化[J];大連理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);1995年01期

3 陳成;毛瑩;鄒e

本文編號(hào)：2487094