【摘要】：船用核動(dòng)力裝置與民用核動(dòng)力裝置相比,由于其特殊的工作環(huán)境和性能要求,所以在結(jié)構(gòu)上有所不同。為了保證船用核動(dòng)力裝置在特殊情況下工作的穩(wěn)定性,其一回路設(shè)計(jì)有備用回路。備用回路和主回路之間通過(guò)止回閥進(jìn)行連接,它們之間可以互相切換工作。在切換的過(guò)程中,不但要求閥門(mén)能夠穩(wěn)定可靠的工作,而且還要求它不能完全關(guān)死。否則不工作的回路會(huì)因?yàn)樗疁剡^(guò)低而影響反應(yīng)堆的穩(wěn)定性。這就對(duì)止回閥的性能提出了更多的要求。 本文所要研究的止回閥就是針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)制造的。它有別于傳統(tǒng)意義上的止回閥,由于其對(duì)沖原理可以大大減小閥的水擊作用。本文的研究是在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)對(duì)沖式止回閥原理樣機(jī)在實(shí)驗(yàn)中出現(xiàn)低流量關(guān)不上關(guān)不嚴(yán)的問(wèn)題,對(duì)主止回閥的結(jié)構(gòu)提出了改進(jìn)。應(yīng)用AutoCAD和Pro/E對(duì)止回閥改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)的流道進(jìn)行建模,并且用GAMBIT劃分完網(wǎng)格,最后用CFD軟件FLUENT對(duì)閥的關(guān)閉過(guò)程進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬。計(jì)算出閥門(mén)在關(guān)閉過(guò)程中壓力變化云圖、速度變化云圖、閥頭閥座的受力變化曲線以及速度變化曲線,通過(guò)這些參數(shù)來(lái)判斷閥門(mén)的工作狀態(tài),找出止回閥存在的問(wèn)題的根源并加以解決。最后通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證理論分析的結(jié)果,對(duì)比理論值與實(shí)際值之間的差距并分析原因。 通過(guò)動(dòng)態(tài)模擬得到了閥頭閥座的受力曲線、速度曲線以及流量變化曲線。計(jì)算的結(jié)果表明,在各種工況下閥門(mén)都能夠自動(dòng)關(guān)閉,閥座的受力和運(yùn)動(dòng)速度都明顯大于閥頭的。閥頭閥座的受力和運(yùn)動(dòng)速度都是隨著時(shí)間的增大而增大。逆流壓差的大小直接影響回流量的大小和閥門(mén)的關(guān)閉速度以及閥頭閥座的受力。壓差越大,閥頭閥座的受力和運(yùn)動(dòng)速度越大,回流量越大。
[Abstract]:Compared with civil nuclear power plant, marine nuclear power plant is different in structure because of its special working environment and performance requirements. In order to ensure the stability of marine nuclear power plant under special circumstances, a backup circuit is designed. The standby circuit and the main circuit are connected by check valves, and they can switch to each other. In the process of switching, not only the valve is required to work stably and reliably, but also it is not completely closed. Otherwise, the circuit that does not work will affect the stability of the reactor because of the low water temperature. This puts forward more requirements for the performance of check valve. The check valve to be studied in this paper is designed and manufactured in view of the above problems. It is different from the traditional check valve, because its hedge principle can greatly reduce the water hammer effect of the valve. On the basis of previous studies, this paper puts forward an improvement on the structure of the main check valve in order to solve the problem that the low flow rate can not be closed strictly in the experiment of the prototype of the counterimpact check valve. AutoCAD and Pro/E are used to model the flow channel of the improved structure of the check valve, and the grid is divided with GAMBIT. Finally, the closing process of the valve is simulated by CFD software FLUENT. The pressure change cloud picture, the speed change cloud picture, the stress change curve and the speed change curve of the valve head seat during the closing process are calculated, and the working state of the valve is judged by these parameters. Find out the root cause of the problem of check valve and solve it. Finally, the results of theoretical analysis are verified by experiments, and the gap between theoretical value and actual value is compared and the reasons are analyzed. The stress curve, velocity curve and flow curve of valve head seat are obtained by dynamic simulation. The calculation results show that the valve can be closed automatically under all kinds of working conditions, and the force and movement speed of the seat are obviously larger than those of the valve head. The force and speed of the valve head seat increase with the increase of time. The countercurrent pressure difference directly affects the return flow, the closing speed of the valve and the force of the valve head seat. The greater the pressure difference, the greater the force and movement speed of the valve head seat, and the greater the return flow.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH134

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本文編號(hào)：2486402