【摘要】：機械設備故障診斷技術對保障設備的可靠、安全和高效的運行具有重要的實際意義。由于機械設備的振動信號能夠反映出設備的工況狀態(tài)，因此，基于振動測試的故障診斷方法是目前最常用的也是最有效的故障診斷方法。 故障定性與定位研究是機械設備故障診斷研究最主要的兩個方面，本文主要研究了這兩個方面的內(nèi)容。介紹了目前一些主要的故障定性和定位方法及其應用，并且總結和分析了各種方法的特點以及存在的不足之處，為故障定性及定位方法的研究提供借鑒和參考。 論文探討了一種基于時域平均Laplace小波分析的故障定性方法。先對原始振動信號進行時域同步平均提取出周期分量，再進行Laplace小波相關濾波得到相關系數(shù)，用傅里葉變換求出Laplace小波相關系數(shù)的頻譜從而得到故障特征頻率，再對各種故障特征信息進行綜合分析，實現(xiàn)故障的定性。針對汽輪發(fā)電機組振動異常，運用基于時域平均Laplace小波分析的故障定性方法進行實例分析，實際結果驗證了本方法的有效性。 又探討了基于振動信號相位傳播特性的故障定位方法。先通過自適應消噪技術進行降噪處理，，再應用希爾伯特變換提取相位信息，然后進行平滑處理得到信號的相位波形，最后根據(jù)相位特征的傳播特性實現(xiàn)故障定位。通過本方法對軋機主傳動系統(tǒng)故障診斷的實例分析，實際結果驗證了本方法的正確性，具有一定的實際應用價值。
[Abstract]:The fault diagnosis technology of mechanical equipment is of great practical significance to ensure the reliable, safe and efficient operation of the equipment. Because the vibration signal of mechanical equipment can reflect the working condition of the equipment, the fault diagnosis method based on vibration test is the most commonly used and effective fault diagnosis method at present. Fault qualitative and location research is the most important two aspects of mechanical equipment fault diagnosis research, this paper mainly studies the contents of these two aspects. This paper introduces some main fault qualitative and location methods and their applications, and summarizes and analyzes the characteristics and shortcomings of various methods, which provides reference and reference for the research of fault qualitative and location methods. In this paper, a fault qualitative method based on time domain average Laplace wavelet analysis is discussed. Firstly, the periodic components of the original vibration signal are extracted synchronously in time domain, then the correlation coefficients are obtained by Laplace wavelet correlation filtering, and the spectrum of Laplace wavelet correlation coefficients is obtained by Fourier transform to obtain the fault characteristic frequency. Then the comprehensive analysis of all kinds of fault characteristic information is carried out to realize the qualitative analysis of the fault. Aiming at the abnormal vibration of turbogenerator set, the fault qualitative method based on time domain average Laplace wavelet analysis is used to analyze the fault. The actual results verify the effectiveness of the method. The fault location method based on the phase propagation characteristics of vibration signal is also discussed. Firstly, the adaptive denoising technology is used to reduce the noise, then the phase information is extracted by Herbert transform, and then the phase waveform of the signal is obtained by smoothing processing. Finally, the fault location is realized according to the propagation characteristics of the phase characteristics. Through the analysis of the fault diagnosis of the main transmission system of the rolling mill, the actual results verify the correctness of the method and have certain practical application value.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH165.3

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4 張e

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