【摘要】：海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)是海洋平臺(tái)中進(jìn)行石油開(kāi)采必不可缺的輔助設(shè)備,一般每個(gè)海洋平臺(tái)都要有一臺(tái)海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)。在海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障時(shí),往往會(huì)使得海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)不能作業(yè)。然而,海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)故障原因較為復(fù)雜,常規(guī)的維修方法是：海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障時(shí),駐守人員電話報(bào)告給陸地總部,然后由總部派遣技術(shù)人員到平臺(tái)上進(jìn)行調(diào)研,之后回到陸地編制對(duì)應(yīng)的維修方案。這種維修方法往往耗時(shí)耗力,而且效果還不一定能盡人意。而現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研技術(shù)人員參差不齊,這又直接影響了技術(shù)方案實(shí)施的成功率。如果在陸地總部派遣技術(shù)人員前往海洋平臺(tái)前,就可以通過(guò)一種有效的方法來(lái)預(yù)先判斷液壓系統(tǒng)故障的可能成因,然后現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研就會(huì)更加有針對(duì)性,并且可以攜帶對(duì)應(yīng)的故障診斷設(shè)備到現(xiàn)場(chǎng),這將會(huì)大大提高海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)故障維修的成功率。 本文基于AMESim軟件建立了海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)起升機(jī)構(gòu)的仿真模型,通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了仿真模型的正確性；在驗(yàn)證后的仿真模型基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行了海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)故障研究,得出了實(shí)際液壓系統(tǒng)故障診斷數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的樣本,為海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)的維修和診斷提供了理論依據(jù),同時(shí)還為海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)液壓故障診斷專家系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)打下了基礎(chǔ)。另外,本文還介紹了一種基于仿真的海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)故障排查方法,并與常規(guī)維修方法對(duì)比,闡明了新方法的效率和優(yōu)點(diǎn),為實(shí)際海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)的故障維修提供了一種手段。最后,本文總結(jié)了三類海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)機(jī)構(gòu)的通用液壓仿真模型,為各類起重機(jī)機(jī)構(gòu)液壓系統(tǒng)的建模提供了一種比較高效的仿真建模方法。 本文的故障仿真方法對(duì)于確定海洋平臺(tái)起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)故障機(jī)理和開(kāi)發(fā)液壓系統(tǒng)故障診斷專家系統(tǒng)等具有較重要意義；應(yīng)用案例也進(jìn)一步證明了該方法的科學(xué)性；同時(shí)本文提出的起重機(jī)液壓機(jī)構(gòu)通用仿真模型建模方法的高效性也在工程實(shí)際中得到證明。
[Abstract]:Offshore platform crane is an indispensable auxiliary equipment for oil exploitation in offshore platform. Generally, each offshore platform should have an offshore platform crane. When the hydraulic system of offshore platform crane fails, it often makes the offshore platform crane unable to work. However, the causes of hydraulic system failure of offshore platform crane are more complex. The conventional maintenance methods are as follows: when the hydraulic system of offshore platform crane fails, the stationed personnel report to the land headquarters by telephone. Then the headquarters sends technical personnel to the platform to carry on the research, then returns to the land to compile the corresponding maintenance plan. This maintenance method is often time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the effect is not necessarily satisfactory. However, the field investigation and technical personnel are uneven, which directly affects the success rate of the implementation of the technical scheme. If the technical personnel are sent to the offshore platform at the land headquarters, the possible cause of hydraulic system failure can be pre-judged by an effective method, and then the field investigation will be more targeted. And the corresponding fault diagnosis equipment can be brought to the site, which will greatly improve the success rate of hydraulic system fault maintenance of offshore platform crane. In this paper, the simulation model of lifting mechanism of offshore platform crane is established based on AMESim software, and the correctness of the simulation model is verified by field test. On the basis of the verified simulation model, the fault research of hydraulic system of offshore platform crane is carried out, and the sample of fault diagnosis database of actual hydraulic system is obtained, which provides a theoretical basis for the maintenance and diagnosis of hydraulic system of offshore platform crane. At the same time, it also lays a foundation for the development of hydraulic fault diagnosis expert system for offshore platform crane. In addition, this paper also introduces a fault detection method of offshore platform crane hydraulic system based on simulation, and compares it with the conventional maintenance method, and expounds the efficiency and advantages of the new method. It provides a means for fault maintenance of hydraulic system of offshore platform crane. Finally, this paper summarizes the general hydraulic simulation model of three kinds of offshore platform crane mechanism, and provides a more efficient simulation modeling method for the modeling of hydraulic system of all kinds of crane mechanism. The fault simulation method in this paper is of great significance for determining the fault mechanism of hydraulic system of offshore platform crane and developing the expert system of hydraulic system fault diagnosis, and the application case further proves the scientific nature of the method. At the same time, the efficiency of the general simulation model modeling method of crane hydraulic mechanism proposed in this paper has also been proved in engineering practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH21

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