【摘要】：偏航變槳齒輪箱作為偏航系統(tǒng)和變槳系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵部件，其性能和運(yùn)行可靠性直接影響風(fēng)電機(jī)組的運(yùn)行質(zhì)量和發(fā)電效率。由于工況的特殊性，偏航變槳齒輪箱在結(jié)構(gòu)和性能上都有很高的要求。設(shè)計上不僅要求承載能力強(qiáng)、無維修工作壽命長，更關(guān)鍵的是還要求體積小、重量輕、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。目前，國內(nèi)大功率風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組用偏航變槳齒輪箱大多采用多級行星齒輪傳動結(jié)構(gòu)。本文結(jié)合其使用工況，針對風(fēng)電偏航變槳齒輪箱輕量化和高可靠性設(shè)計要求，對行星齒輪箱的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究，主要完成了以下工作： 1.分析了行星齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)輪齒嚙合作用力及基本構(gòu)件上的轉(zhuǎn)矩，分析了行星輪軸承及基本構(gòu)件軸上的作用力；依據(jù)國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《漸開線圓柱齒輪承載能力計算方法》（GB3480-1997），結(jié)合行星齒輪傳動的自身特點(diǎn)，分析了行星齒輪傳動的承載能力計算方法，為后續(xù)的研究提供理論基礎(chǔ)。 2.在滿足傳動系統(tǒng)中零件的強(qiáng)度、使用壽命等條件下，以追求功率密度最大為準(zhǔn)則，采用多目標(biāo)設(shè)計，建立了偏航齒輪箱參數(shù)優(yōu)化模型，通過編程對其關(guān)鍵傳動參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。 3.正確預(yù)測軸承壽命不僅是確保傳動系統(tǒng)正常工作的關(guān)鍵，同時對傳動系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸也有著重要影響；本文結(jié)合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)ISO281：2007《Rollingbearings-Dynamic load ratings and rating life》，對滾動軸承的擴(kuò)展壽命計算方法、修正系數(shù)計算方法進(jìn)行了研究，對影響軸承壽命的主要因素進(jìn)行了深入分析。 4.建立了單臂行星架的有限元模型，分析了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對單臂行星架強(qiáng)度、剛度的影響；給出了單臂行星架沿軸向、徑向方向強(qiáng)度和剛度的大致分布規(guī)律；對比分析了單臂行星架圓形結(jié)構(gòu)和三角形結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)力和變形情況。 5．針對雙臂行星架的有限元模型，，分析了連接板厚度、輸入端側(cè)板厚度等結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對雙臂行星架強(qiáng)度和剛度的影響情況；對同規(guī)格的單、雙臂行星架就強(qiáng)度、剛度和質(zhì)量方面進(jìn)行了綜合對比分析。 6．構(gòu)建了多級行星齒輪箱的箱體裝配體模型，以SolidWorks Simulation為分析平臺，對箱體的應(yīng)力、變形、模態(tài)等動靜態(tài)特性進(jìn)行了研究，為箱體的輕量化設(shè)計提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:As the key component of yaw system and variable propeller system, the performance and operation reliability of yaw variable propeller gearbox directly affect the operation quality and power generation efficiency of wind turbine. Due to the particularity of working conditions, yaw variable paddle gearboxes have high requirements in structure and performance. The design not only requires strong bearing capacity and long service life without maintenance, but also requires small volume, light weight and compact structure. At present, most of the yaw variable paddle gearboxes for high-power wind turbines in China use multi-stage planet gear transmission structure. In this paper, according to its operating conditions, aiming at the requirements of lightweight and high reliability design of wind power yaw variable propeller gearbox, the key technology of planet gearbox is studied, and the main work is as follows: 1. The gear tooth meshing force and the torque on the basic components of the planet gear transmission system are analyzed, and the forces on the planet gear bearings and the shafts of the basic components are analyzed. According to the national standard "calculation method of bearing capacity of involute cylindrical gear" (GB3480-1997), combined with the characteristics of planet gear transmission, the calculation method of bearing capacity of planet gear transmission is analyzed, which provides a theoretical basis for subsequent research. 2. Under the condition of satisfying the strength and service life of the parts in the transmission system, taking the pursuit of the maximum power density as the criterion, the parameter optimization model of yaw gearbox is established by using multi-objective design, and the key transmission parameters are optimized by programming. 3. Correctly predicting the bearing life is not only the key to ensure the normal operation of the transmission system, but also has an important impact on the structural size of the transmission system. In this paper, based on the standard ISO281:2007 < Rollingbearings-Dynamic load ratings and rating life >, the calculation method of extended life and correction coefficient of rolling bearing are studied, and the main factors affecting bearing life are analyzed in detail. 4. The finite element model of single arm planet frame is established, the influence of structural parameters on the strength and stiffness of single arm planet frame is analyzed, and the general distribution law of strength and stiffness of single arm planet frame along axial and radial direction is given. The stress and deformation of circular structure and triangular structure of single-arm planet frame are compared and analyzed. 5. According to the finite element model of dual-arm planet frame, the influence of structural parameters such as connection plate thickness and input side plate thickness on the strength and stiffness of dual-arm planet frame is analyzed. The strength, stiffness and mass of single and dual-arm planet frames of the same specification are compared and analyzed. 6. The box assembly model of multi-stage planet gearbox is constructed. Based on SolidWorks Simulation, the dynamic and static characteristics of the box, such as stress, deformation, mode and so on, are studied, which provides the basis for the lightweight design of the box.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：機(jī)械科學(xué)研究總院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH132.41

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