【摘要】：起重機的拖動控制系統(tǒng)是起重機技術(shù)的核心，它將起重機的各個運行機構(gòu)有機的組合起來，實現(xiàn)起重機復(fù)雜的功能和穩(wěn)定有效的運行。目前橋式起重機廣泛采用的拖動控制系統(tǒng)為以繞線轉(zhuǎn)子異步電動機轉(zhuǎn)子回路中串聯(lián)電阻的方法進行起動和調(diào)速，采用繼電器-接觸器進行控制。這種拖動控制系統(tǒng)帶來的機械沖擊嚴重，電氣元件頻繁損壞，機械制動磨損嚴重，設(shè)備故障率高，保護性能差，能源損耗大，影響橋式起重機的工作效率和作業(yè)安全。本文提出以嵌入式微處理器和變頻器搭建橋式起重機的新式拖動控制系統(tǒng)，，簡化結(jié)構(gòu)，提高性能，使起重機更加適應(yīng)快速、高效、安全、低耗的現(xiàn)代化生產(chǎn)作業(yè)需要。 本文詳細介紹了以ARM7芯片為核心并配合變頻拖動技術(shù)的橋式起重機主控制器的硬件結(jié)構(gòu)及其軟件設(shè)計。文中闡述了橋式起重機的程序控制策略，提出了基于嵌入式和變頻技術(shù)的速度控制方法，實現(xiàn)起重機的可靠控制和平穩(wěn)調(diào)速。本文討論了橋式起重機主、副起升機構(gòu)防逆轉(zhuǎn)保護以及接觸器觸點防粘連保護的設(shè)計和實現(xiàn)，還探討了基于模糊控制技術(shù)的負載轉(zhuǎn)矩補償機制，并將其應(yīng)用于主、副起升機構(gòu)的防溜鉤控制。此外，本文采用CAN總線技術(shù)實現(xiàn)橋式起重機主控制器與起升重量限制器等其它控制器之間的實時可靠通信。
[Abstract]:The driving control system of crane is the core of crane technology. It combines the operation mechanism of crane organically to realize the complex function and stable and effective operation of crane. At present, the driving control system widely used in overhead cranes is to start and adjust speed by means of series resistance in rotor loop of winding rotor asynchronous motor, and adopts relay-contactor to control. The mechanical impact caused by this driving control system is serious, electrical components are frequently damaged, mechanical braking wear is serious, equipment failure rate is high, protection performance is poor, energy consumption is large, and it affects the working efficiency and safety of overhead crane. In this paper, a new type of driving control system of bridge crane with embedded microprocessor and frequency converter is proposed to simplify the structure and improve the performance, so that the crane can meet the needs of fast, high efficiency, safety and low consumption modern production. In this paper, the hardware structure and software design of the main controller of bridge crane based on ARM7 chip and frequency conversion driving technology are introduced in detail. In this paper, the program control strategy of overhead crane is described, and the speed control method based on embedded and variable frequency technology is put forward to realize the reliable control and smooth speed regulation of the crane. This paper discusses the design and realization of the anti-reverse protection of the main and secondary lifting mechanism of bridge crane and the contact anti-adhesion protection of contactor. The load torque compensation mechanism based on fuzzy control technology is also discussed and applied to the main crane. The anti-roll hook control of the secondary lifting mechanism. In addition, the CAN bus technology is used to realize the real-time and reliable communication between the main controller of bridge crane and other controllers such as lifting weight limiter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH215

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