葉片斷裂與其氣動非定常脈動分析
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-20 11:46
【摘要】：近年來,隨著化學工業(yè)的發(fā)展,各種大型化工廠,煉油廠的建立,離心式壓縮機已經日益成為壓縮和輸送化工生產中各種氣體的關鍵,在工業(yè)生產中占有極其重要的地位。然而離心壓縮機在實際運行中,葉片斷裂事故卻時有發(fā)生,斷裂原因也多種多樣,排除個別由于外物不慎掉入葉輪內部打傷葉片造成的機械損傷以及酸性介質會對金屬葉片產生化學腐蝕造成的葉片破壞原因以外,葉輪本身設計不夠合理、流動不暢造成的葉片損傷卻是最常見原因之一。其中由于這種原因引發(fā)的葉片斷裂則需要廣大流體科研人員通過對葉輪進行深入的氣動分析,從而找出問題,并通過后期的優(yōu)化使問題得以最終解決。 本文正是基于某廠研制的一進口導葉可調型壓縮機在實際運行中發(fā)生葉片斷裂事故展開的。據可靠資料,本機組發(fā)生斷裂時該廠另外幾臺同型壓縮機也相繼發(fā)生過葉片斷裂,初步斷定本次葉片斷裂可能正是由于氣動設計不夠合理,才造成葉輪某工況下流動破壞以致事故的發(fā)生。 由于不清楚斷裂發(fā)生時導葉工作開度的大小和當時準確的運行工況點,因此,本文需要借助CFD軟件數值模擬出該離心壓縮機葉輪和導葉在所有設計開度下的流動,深入分析其在各個可能運行工況下的流動情況以求從氣動方面找出不穩(wěn)定工況點,找到引發(fā)故障的原因,進一步從非定常流動特征方面展開對葉片的擾動破壞分析。 經計算結果表明：當導葉開度為負20度,在設計工況小流量下,葉輪在葉片頂端出現了嚴重的流動分離,這極有可能是引起本次葉片斷裂的原因。通過本文的研究為該型壓縮機的葉片斷裂提供了可靠的氣動分析,深入分析了其疲勞破壞機理,同時為下一步力學分析提供了可靠的理論依據和堅實的數據基礎,為工廠解決了實際問題。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of chemical industry, the establishment of various large-scale chemical plants and refineries, centrifugal compressors have increasingly become the key to compress and transport various gases in chemical production, and play an extremely important role in industrial production. However, in the actual operation of centrifugal compressor, blade fracture accidents occur from time to time, and the fracture reasons are also varied. Except for the mechanical damage caused by accidentally falling into the impeller and the damage caused by chemical corrosion caused by acidic medium, the impeller design is not reasonable enough, and the design of the impeller itself is not reasonable, except for the mechanical damage caused by the accidental fall into the impeller and the damage caused by chemical corrosion caused by acidic medium. Blade damage caused by poor flow is one of the most common causes. The blade fracture caused by this reason requires the fluid researchers to find out the problem through the in-depth aerodynamic analysis of the impeller, and finally solve the problem through the optimization of the later stage. This paper is based on an inlet guide vane adjustable compressor developed by a factory in the actual operation of the blade fracture accident unfolding. According to reliable data, several other compressors of the same type in this plant also had blade fracture when the unit broke. It is concluded that the blade fracture may be due to unreasonable aerodynamic design. In order to cause impellers under a certain working condition flow failure and accidents occur. Because it is not clear about the working opening of the guide vane and the exact operating conditions at that time, it is necessary to simulate the flow of the centrifugal compressor impeller and guide vane under all design openings with the aid of CFD software in this paper, and it is necessary to simulate the flow of the centrifugal compressor impeller and guide vane under all design opening conditions. An in-depth analysis of the flow conditions under various possible operating conditions is made to find out the unstable operating conditions and the cause of the failure from the aerodynamic aspect, and to further analyze the disturbance and failure of the blades from the unsteady flow characteristics. The calculation results show that when the opening of the guide blade is negative 20 degrees and the flow separation occurs at the tip of the blade at a small flow rate under the design condition, this may be the cause of the blade fracture. The research in this paper provides reliable aerodynamic analysis for the blade fracture of the compressor, and deeply analyzes its fatigue failure mechanism. At the same time, it provides reliable theoretical basis and solid data foundation for the next mechanical analysis. The actual problem was solved for the factory.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH452
本文編號：2444185
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of chemical industry, the establishment of various large-scale chemical plants and refineries, centrifugal compressors have increasingly become the key to compress and transport various gases in chemical production, and play an extremely important role in industrial production. However, in the actual operation of centrifugal compressor, blade fracture accidents occur from time to time, and the fracture reasons are also varied. Except for the mechanical damage caused by accidentally falling into the impeller and the damage caused by chemical corrosion caused by acidic medium, the impeller design is not reasonable enough, and the design of the impeller itself is not reasonable, except for the mechanical damage caused by the accidental fall into the impeller and the damage caused by chemical corrosion caused by acidic medium. Blade damage caused by poor flow is one of the most common causes. The blade fracture caused by this reason requires the fluid researchers to find out the problem through the in-depth aerodynamic analysis of the impeller, and finally solve the problem through the optimization of the later stage. This paper is based on an inlet guide vane adjustable compressor developed by a factory in the actual operation of the blade fracture accident unfolding. According to reliable data, several other compressors of the same type in this plant also had blade fracture when the unit broke. It is concluded that the blade fracture may be due to unreasonable aerodynamic design. In order to cause impellers under a certain working condition flow failure and accidents occur. Because it is not clear about the working opening of the guide vane and the exact operating conditions at that time, it is necessary to simulate the flow of the centrifugal compressor impeller and guide vane under all design openings with the aid of CFD software in this paper, and it is necessary to simulate the flow of the centrifugal compressor impeller and guide vane under all design opening conditions. An in-depth analysis of the flow conditions under various possible operating conditions is made to find out the unstable operating conditions and the cause of the failure from the aerodynamic aspect, and to further analyze the disturbance and failure of the blades from the unsteady flow characteristics. The calculation results show that when the opening of the guide blade is negative 20 degrees and the flow separation occurs at the tip of the blade at a small flow rate under the design condition, this may be the cause of the blade fracture. The research in this paper provides reliable aerodynamic analysis for the blade fracture of the compressor, and deeply analyzes its fatigue failure mechanism. At the same time, it provides reliable theoretical basis and solid data foundation for the next mechanical analysis. The actual problem was solved for the factory.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH452
【引證文獻】
相關期刊論文 前1條
1 黃好通;;論水處理設備風機的選型及能耗分析與研究[J];科技信息;2013年12期
相關碩士學位論文 前2條
1 范朝陽;某離心式壓縮機可調進口導葉葉型研究[D];大連理工大學;2013年
2 王素景;離心式壓縮機葉輪的隨機振動分析[D];大連理工大學;2013年
，本文編號：2444185
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