【摘要】：隨著加工制造業(yè)中各種螺桿尺寸、形狀的復雜化,使得加工方法和加工技術(shù)不斷更新變化,甚至只能依賴數(shù)控方法實現(xiàn)加工。通常,一套復雜螺桿的加工需要經(jīng)過設(shè)計、選擇合適刀具、計算與校驗、生成數(shù)控程序、試切等多個步驟,而試切需要耗費相當?shù)墓r和材料。因此,加工前的計算機輔助設(shè)計、仿真實驗變得更加重要。不同的加工對象、加工理論和方法及系統(tǒng)常常需要開發(fā)專門的CAM系統(tǒng),以完成特定加工過程的數(shù)據(jù)準備、固定模型造型、仿真、計算、輔助加工等一系列功能。 錐雙螺桿是一種設(shè)計和加工復雜的異型工件,受其復雜幾何參數(shù)及加工方法的影響,造型、仿真加工較為困難。課題的主要研究目標是以運動學理論建立其數(shù)學模型,確定有效的造型方法,實現(xiàn)對錐形螺桿副的計算機仿真,并以此為基礎(chǔ)完成基于包絡(luò)銑削技術(shù)的錐雙螺桿數(shù)控加工CAM系統(tǒng)。 論文首先分析了錐雙螺桿的幾何結(jié)構(gòu),依據(jù)運動學原理,建立了錐形螺桿的螺旋線描述模型。其次,提出了一種基于基元和螺旋曲線的掃掠造型方法。該方法以動點的螺旋線運動軌跡作為掃掠路徑,以齒廓截面作為基元,通過垂直掃掠得到螺紋實體,進而利用布爾運算完成對錐形螺桿的三維造型。由于該造型方法僅依賴螺旋曲線的理論計算結(jié)果,故只在曲線離散時可能產(chǎn)生較小的誤差,可以達到十分理想的造型效果。隨后,探討了建立在上述造型方法基礎(chǔ)上的運動控制方法,以及三維圖形的放大、縮小、移動、旋轉(zhuǎn)等問題。最后,采用Open CASCADE造型庫作為底層圖形類庫和OCAF開發(fā)框架工具,完成了錐雙螺桿專用CAM系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)與設(shè)計。 分析和實驗表明,本文所建立的造型方法降低了計算的復雜性,且具有較高的繪制速度和較為理想的三維仿真效果,可以用于同類的復雜工件造型。而利用所設(shè)計的CAM系統(tǒng)進行實際加工實驗說明,系統(tǒng)所提供的功能覆蓋了完整的工件生產(chǎn)流程,對錐形螺桿的數(shù)控加工生產(chǎn)具有較強的輔助作用和指導意義。
[Abstract]:As the size and shape of various screw rods in the manufacturing industry are complicated, the processing method and the processing technology are constantly updated, and the machining can only be realized by the numerical control method. In general, a set of complex screw processing needs to be designed, suitable tools, calculation and verification, numerical control program generation, trial cutting and other steps are selected, and the trial cutting takes considerable time and material. Therefore, the computer-aided design before processing becomes more important. Different processing objects, processing theory and method and system often need to develop a special CAM system to complete a series of functions such as data preparation, fixed model modeling, simulation, calculation, auxiliary processing, and the like of a specific processing process. Cone twin-screw is a kind of special-shaped workpiece designed and processed, which is influenced by its complicated geometric parameters and its processing method. The main research object of the subject is to set up its mathematical model based on the kinematic theory, to determine the effective modeling method, to realize the computer simulation of the conical screw pair, and to finish the cone double-screw numerical control machining CAM based on the enveloping and cutting technology based on this. The paper first analyzes the geometric structure of the cone-screw, and based on the kinematic principle, the screw-screw is established. Line description model. Secondly, a scan based on primitive and spiral curve is presented. The method comprises the following steps of: taking a spiral motion track of a moving point as a sweep path, taking a tooth profile cross-section as a primitive, Because the modeling method only depends on the theoretical calculation result of the spiral curve, a small error can be generated only when the curve is discrete, which can be very ideal. then, the motion control method based on the modeling method, the enlargement, the reduction and the movement of the three-dimensional graph are discussed, In the end, the open CASCADE modeling library is used as the bottom graphics class library and the OCAF development framework tool, and the special CAM system of the conical twin-screw is completed. The research and development and design. The analysis and experiment show that the modeling method proposed in this paper reduces the complexity of the calculation, and has higher drawing speed and ideal three-dimensional simulation effect, which can be used in the same way. According to the design of the CAM system, the system provided by the system covers the whole production flow of the work piece, and has a strong auxiliary to the NC machining and production of the conical screw.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH132.44;TP391.72

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