發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-27 08:26

【摘要】：塔式起重機(jī)是建筑行業(yè)中應(yīng)用最為普遍,但卻又是對(duì)地震最為敏感的一種施工設(shè)備,汶川地震后,人們對(duì)該類設(shè)備的抗震性極為關(guān)注,這也是震后大規(guī)模重建與地震頻發(fā)矛盾下所必須考慮的。正基于此,本文從實(shí)際施工應(yīng)用出發(fā),對(duì)汶川地震中西安地區(qū)塔機(jī)的地震響應(yīng)特性,應(yīng)用ANSYS有限元分析軟件進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究,并獲得了以下幾個(gè)方面的成果： (1)應(yīng)用ANSYS軟件,較詳細(xì)的建立了塔機(jī)及其附著對(duì)象的有限元模型,為仿真研究奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的模型基礎(chǔ)； (2)附著塔受到建筑物的影響,動(dòng)態(tài)與靜態(tài)兩種方式校核下,危險(xiǎn)點(diǎn)的位置在較大概率下是不同的,而獨(dú)立塔則相同,從而得出獨(dú)立塔進(jìn)行抗震設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),乘以動(dòng)態(tài)放大系數(shù),按等效靜力學(xué)校核即可,而附著塔必須進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)校核才能發(fā)現(xiàn)薄弱點(diǎn)的結(jié)論,但是在較多情況下,人們忽略了對(duì)塔機(jī)的動(dòng)態(tài)校核環(huán)節(jié),正因如此,造成了地震中附著塔較多于獨(dú)立塔發(fā)生倒塌； (3)附著塔一般最好附著于建筑物短軸上； (4)在地震突發(fā)時(shí),若得知震中方向,則應(yīng)使塔機(jī)起重臂指向或背離震中,也就是說,盡量使起重臂與塔機(jī)工作點(diǎn)和震中的連線平行,這樣可使塔機(jī)受力較小,從而最大程度減輕傷亡,這也是此類突發(fā)事件下可行的有效應(yīng)急方案之一。 (5)應(yīng)用APDL語言及用戶界面設(shè)計(jì)語言UIDL對(duì)ANSYS進(jìn)行了二次開發(fā),在經(jīng)典模塊下添加了塔機(jī)的專業(yè)化模塊,實(shí)現(xiàn)了塔機(jī)有用戶化界面的參數(shù)化建模,并對(duì)該模塊進(jìn)行了漢化。
[Abstract]:Tower crane is the most widely used construction equipment in the construction industry, but it is also the most sensitive construction equipment to the earthquake. After the Wenchuan earthquake, people pay great attention to the earthquake resistance of this kind of equipment. This is also a large-scale reconstruction and earthquake-prone conflicts must be considered. Based on this, this paper studies the seismic response characteristics of tower cranes in Xi'an area in Wenchuan earthquake by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The following results are obtained: (1) the finite element model of tower crane and its attached object is established in detail by using ANSYS software, which lays a solid foundation for simulation research; (2) under the influence of the building, the location of the dangerous point is different under the high probability of the dynamic and static check, and the independent tower is the same, so the seismic design of the independent tower is obtained. Multiplied by the dynamic magnification factor, it can be checked by equivalent statics, and the attached tower must be dynamically checked to find a weak spot. But in many cases, people neglect the dynamic checking of the tower crane, which is why, The result of the collapse of the attached tower is more than that of the independent tower in the earthquake. (3) the attached tower is usually best attached to the short axis of the building; (4) in the event of an earthquake, if the direction of the epicenter is known, the lifting arm of the tower crane should be directed or deviated from the epicenter, that is to say, the lifting arm should be parallel to the working point and the line of the epicenter as far as possible, so that the force on the tower crane can be reduced. Therefore, it is one of the feasible and effective emergency solutions to minimize the casualties. (5) the second development of ANSYS is carried out by using APDL language and user interface design language UIDL. The specialized module of tower crane is added under the classical module, and the parametric modeling of tower crane with user interface is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH213.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 金玉龍;集裝箱岸橋結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震分析與隔震研究[D];上海交通大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 肖鵬;塔式起重機(jī)地震響應(yīng)分析[D];大連理工大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2416093