【摘要】：渦旋壓縮機(jī)是一種新型高效的容積式壓縮機(jī)，具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)、噪聲低等特點(diǎn)，其應(yīng)用范圍目前已從空調(diào)制冷向醫(yī)藥、食品、燃料電池等需求無油污染的潔凈壓縮氣體的領(lǐng)域拓展。由于渦旋壓縮機(jī)特定的運(yùn)動方式，存在較多摩擦副，其摩擦損耗在很大程度上影響著渦旋壓縮機(jī)的效率和性能。摩擦副的表面形貌對壓縮機(jī)的性能和摩擦副相互作用表面間的摩擦、磨損、混合潤滑特性及接觸剛度等都具有很大的影響。摩擦力和摩擦因數(shù)則是反映摩擦副摩擦磨損行為的重要參數(shù)，所以，對摩擦副材料初始表面形貌與其摩擦信號相關(guān)性的研究，將對零件的加工過程、質(zhì)量控制以及提高零件的使用性能等具有重要的意義。無油潤滑渦旋壓縮機(jī)摩擦副摩擦特性不僅與壓縮機(jī)運(yùn)行工況、負(fù)載有關(guān)，而且還與摩擦副對偶材料、表面初始特性以及運(yùn)行過程中摩擦副端面分形特征有關(guān)，因此通過對摩擦副端面微觀接觸和受力分析，建立摩擦力數(shù)學(xué)模型，預(yù)測渦旋壓縮機(jī)摩擦學(xué)系統(tǒng)的摩擦行為，可為壓縮機(jī)動力學(xué)特性分析和理論設(shè)計(jì)提供參考。 本課題基于摩擦學(xué)和分形理論，，通過試驗(yàn)對自潤滑材料聚醚醚酮PEEK、聚酰亞胺PI、聚醚砜PES與渦旋壓縮機(jī)常用材料球墨鑄鐵QT對磨的摩擦性能進(jìn)行了研究，并選用不同初始表面的PEEK，在觸針式表面輪廓儀上對初始表面輪廓進(jìn)行采集，在JSM-5600LV掃描電子顯微鏡下觀察其表面形貌，在UMT-3MT摩擦試驗(yàn)機(jī)上進(jìn)行PEEK/QT摩擦副試樣試驗(yàn)。運(yùn)用分形理論對表面形貌及摩擦信號進(jìn)行分形表征，并對PEEK初始表面形貌與其摩擦信號相關(guān)性進(jìn)行研究。在試驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合M-B分形模型和滑動摩擦力分形預(yù)測模型，依據(jù)無油潤滑渦旋壓縮機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)、運(yùn)行方式及受力特點(diǎn)，在分析動靜渦旋摩擦副端面微觀接觸狀態(tài)及微觀接觸受力情況的基礎(chǔ)上，建立了無油潤滑渦旋壓縮機(jī)動靜渦旋端面摩擦副的摩擦力分形預(yù)測模型，并通過實(shí)例計(jì)算，對該模型進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證與分析。 結(jié)果表明，聚醚醚酮初始表面和摩擦信號均具有顯著的分形特征；在相同速度，相同初始表面下，摩擦信號的分形維數(shù)隨著載荷的增大而增大；在相同速度，不同載荷下，磨合初期摩擦信號的分形維數(shù)均與初始表面分形維數(shù)負(fù)相關(guān)。根據(jù)預(yù)測模型分析可得，表面分形維數(shù)對摩擦力的影響有一最佳值；在最佳表面分形維數(shù)下，摩擦力F隨著G*和A*r的減小而降低；動靜渦旋端面摩擦副材料性能對摩擦力也有很大的影響，選擇合適的自潤滑材料及配對摩擦副可提高無油潤滑渦旋壓縮機(jī)的使用性能及壽命。
[Abstract]:Scroll compressor is a new type of high efficient displacement compressor with compact structure, stable operation, low noise and so on. Its application range has been from air conditioning to refrigeration to medicine and food. Fuel cells and other demand for clean compressed gas without oil pollution in the field of expansion. Because of the specific movement mode of scroll compressor, there are many friction pairs, and its friction loss greatly affects the efficiency and performance of the scroll compressor. The surface morphology of the friction pair has great influence on the performance of the compressor and the friction, wear, mixed lubrication characteristics and contact stiffness of the friction pair. Friction force and friction coefficient are important parameters to reflect friction and wear behavior of friction pairs. Quality control and improving the performance of parts are of great significance. The friction characteristics of the friction pair of the oil-free scroll compressor are not only related to the operating condition and load of the compressor, but also to the dual materials of the friction pair, the initial surface characteristics and the fractal characteristics of the end surface of the friction pair during operation. Therefore, the mathematical model of friction force is established by analyzing the micro contact and force on the end face of friction pair, and the friction behavior of tribological system of scroll compressor is predicted, which can provide a reference for the dynamic characteristic analysis and theoretical design of compressor. Based on tribology and fractal theory, the friction properties of polyether ether ketone (PEEK,) polyimide polyethersulfone (PI,) polyethersulfone (PES) and nodular cast iron (QT), a common material of scroll compressor, were studied by experiments. PEEK, with different initial surfaces was selected to collect the initial surface profile on the stylus type surface profilometer. The surface morphology was observed under JSM-5600LV scanning electron microscope and the PEEK/QT friction pair specimen test was carried out on the UMT-3MT friction tester. Fractal theory is used to characterize the surface morphology and friction signal, and the correlation between the initial surface morphology of PEEK and its friction signal is studied. On the basis of test, combined with M-B fractal model and sliding friction force fractal prediction model, according to the structure, operation mode and force characteristics of oil-free lubricated scroll compressor, Based on the analysis of the microcosmic contact state and microcosmic contact force of the static and static vortex friction pair, a fractal prediction model of the friction force of the static and static vortex end surface friction pair of the oil-free scroll compressor is established, and the calculation is carried out through an example. The model is verified and analyzed. The results show that both the initial surface and the friction signal of polyether ether ketone have significant fractal characteristics, and the fractal dimension of friction signal increases with the increase of load at the same velocity and at the same initial surface. At the same velocity and different loads, the fractal dimension of the initial friction signal is negatively correlated with the initial surface fractal dimension. According to the prediction model analysis, the influence of surface fractal dimension on friction force has an optimum value, and under the optimum surface fractal dimension, the friction force F decreases with the decrease of G * and ar. The material performance of the static and static vortex end face friction pair also has a great influence on the friction force. Choosing suitable self-lubricating material and matching friction pair can improve the performance and service life of the oil-free lubricated scroll compressor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH45

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