【摘要】：DG230-64型鍋爐給水泵是多級(jí)離心式葉片式泵,用于火力發(fā)電廠的給水管道系統(tǒng),但在某電廠運(yùn)行時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)泵的實(shí)際運(yùn)行參數(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)存在較大偏差,泵的設(shè)計(jì)流量為230m3/h,但在實(shí)際運(yùn)行流量超過160m3/h繼續(xù)增大時(shí),出口壓力表就開始出現(xiàn)較大幅度的頻繁擺動(dòng),同時(shí)泵內(nèi)出現(xiàn)啪啪啪的聲音,經(jīng)過故障診斷確認(rèn)是給水泵內(nèi)出現(xiàn)了汽蝕現(xiàn)象。 據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),水泵的汽蝕現(xiàn)象在發(fā)電廠時(shí)有發(fā)生,給機(jī)組的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行帶來很大困擾。汽蝕產(chǎn)生的原因很多,自人類首次發(fā)現(xiàn)汽蝕現(xiàn)象的一百多年來,人們針對(duì)汽蝕產(chǎn)生的機(jī)理進(jìn)行了大量的研究,但由于泵內(nèi)液體流動(dòng)狀態(tài)的復(fù)雜性,始終無法準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)和控制泵的汽蝕,如何預(yù)防汽蝕、提高泵的抗汽蝕性能仍是一個(gè)重要的研究課題。論文以給水泵汽蝕現(xiàn)象為主要研究對(duì)象,結(jié)合DG230-64型鍋爐給水泵在電廠的運(yùn)行情況,深入探討給水泵產(chǎn)生汽蝕的原因、泵汽蝕余量的確定方法、預(yù)防給水泵發(fā)生汽蝕的有效措施,以及給水泵發(fā)生汽蝕后的解決方案,從設(shè)計(jì)和使用兩方面入手解決給水泵的汽蝕問題。從而盡可能的避免因給水泵汽蝕而產(chǎn)生的損壞,提高機(jī)組的運(yùn)行安全性和發(fā)電廠的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。 研究的結(jié)果表明,給水泵如果發(fā)生了汽蝕,可以通過對(duì)給水泵的結(jié)構(gòu)和入口的管道系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行改造,提高泵的抗汽蝕性能,從而消除汽蝕現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:The DG230-64 boiler feedwater pump is a multistage centrifugal vane pump, which is used in the feedwater pipeline system of a thermal power plant. However, it is found that there is a big deviation between the actual operating parameters and the design parameters of the pump in a power plant, and the design flow rate of the pump is 230 m3 / h. However, when the actual flow rate exceeds 160m3/h, the outlet pressure gauge starts to swing frequently, and the sound of crack appears in the pump. The fault diagnosis confirms that cavitation occurs in the feed pump. According to statistics, the cavitation of water pump occurs from time to time in power plant, which brings great troubles to the safe and stable operation of the unit. There are many reasons for cavitation. Since the first discovery of cavitation phenomenon more than 100 years ago, people have done a lot of research on the mechanism of cavitation, but because of the complexity of liquid flow in pump, It is always impossible to accurately predict and control the cavitation erosion of the pump. How to prevent cavitation erosion and improve the anti-cavitation performance of the pump is still an important research topic. Taking the cavitation phenomenon of feed water pump as the main research object, combined with the operation of feed water pump of DG230-64 boiler in power plant, the cause of cavitation of feed water pump and the method of determining cavitation margin of pump are discussed in depth. The effective measures to prevent cavitation of feed water pump and the solution after cavitation of feed pump are discussed. The cavitation problem of feed pump is solved from two aspects: design and use. Therefore, the damage caused by cavitation of feed pump is avoided as far as possible, and the operation safety of unit and the economy of power plant are improved. The results show that if cavitation occurs in the feedwater pump, the cavitation phenomenon can be eliminated by improving the cavitation resistance of the pump by modifying the structure of the feed pump and the inlet pipeline system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH311

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