【摘要】：本文是在教育部高等學(xué)校博士點(diǎn)基金項(xiàng)目——《工程機(jī)械粘彈性懸架熱蝕模式及研究對(duì)策》資助下開展的相關(guān)研究工作。本文以履帶式工程車輛間隔阻尼層式支重輪為研究對(duì)象,針對(duì)其受劇烈振動(dòng)沖擊易發(fā)生疲勞破壞和熱失效等現(xiàn)象,采用應(yīng)力場(chǎng)、溫度場(chǎng)單獨(dú)建模和應(yīng)力場(chǎng)—溫度場(chǎng)雙向耦合有限元計(jì)算的方法,對(duì)其在雙場(chǎng)耦合作用下的動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行了分析;結(jié)果表明其1/4阻尼層軸對(duì)稱端面易發(fā)生疲勞破壞及其間隔層與約束層粘接處易“熱軟化”;采取約束層和阻尼層均間斷的方式對(duì)間隔阻尼層式支重輪結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),并對(duì)改進(jìn)后的結(jié)構(gòu)做了應(yīng)力場(chǎng)、溫度場(chǎng)驗(yàn)證。 以某型300 kW履帶式推土機(jī)為應(yīng)用對(duì)象,在3種典型工況下(切土推土、松土和翻越障礙),分別建立1/4間隔阻尼層式支重輪三維軸對(duì)稱有限元應(yīng)力場(chǎng)和溫度場(chǎng)模型。 對(duì)應(yīng)力場(chǎng)和溫度場(chǎng)模型采用雙向耦合模式進(jìn)行了有限元計(jì)算。經(jīng)計(jì)算發(fā)現(xiàn),支重輪在極限工況下應(yīng)力過大,易造成疲勞破壞;1/4阻尼層軸對(duì)稱端面處的應(yīng)力較大且呈“直線”分布,易導(dǎo)致該處橡膠材料疲勞破壞;間隔層與約束層粘接處變形較大且溫度較高,易造成此處橡膠材料“熱軟化”。 采用兩種不同的阻尼層和約束層均間斷的方式對(duì)間隔阻尼層式支重輪進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn),經(jīng)計(jì)算對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn),沿著間隔層兩端對(duì)約束層和阻尼層均間斷的方式較為合理;經(jīng)該方式改進(jìn)的支重輪間隔阻尼層應(yīng)力和溫度分布較均勻?qū)ΨQ且支重輪總耗散能較大;此結(jié)果表明這種改進(jìn)方式不僅降低了支重輪發(fā)生疲勞破壞和熱失效的概率,而且使其緩沖減振性能得到改善。然而改進(jìn)后的支重輪在極限工況下應(yīng)力仍較大,需提高其剛度以避免疲勞破壞;在不改變改進(jìn)后支重輪原厚度的前提下,增加其約束層厚度,經(jīng)計(jì)算發(fā)現(xiàn),極限工況下其應(yīng)力下降明顯。 本文的研究思路和方法可為高性能支重輪的設(shè)計(jì)與改進(jìn)提供參考。
[Abstract]:This paper is a research work supported by the doctoral Program Foundation of the Ministry of Education, "Thermal erosion model and research countermeasures for viscoelastic suspension of construction machinery". In this paper, the spacer damped laminar bearing wheel of tracked engineering vehicle is taken as the research object, and the stress field is adopted in view of the phenomenon that fatigue failure and thermal failure are easy to occur under the severe vibration shock. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of the temperature field under the double field coupling are analyzed by the method of single modeling of temperature field and bidirectional coupling finite element method of stress field and temperature field. The results show that 1 / 4 of the damping layer is prone to fatigue failure on the axisymmetric end surface of the damping layer and the "thermal softening" of the interface between the interlayer and the confined layer is easy. The spaced damped laminar supporting wheel structure is improved by the discontinuity of restraint layer and damping layer, and the stress field and temperature field of the improved structure are verified. Taking a 300 kW crawler bulldozer as an application object, a three-dimensional axisymmetric finite element stress field model and a temperature field model of 1 / 4 interval damping laminar supporting wheel are established under three typical working conditions (soil cutting, soil loosening and surmounting obstacles). The two-way coupling model is used to calculate the corresponding force field and temperature field. It is found by calculation that the stress of the supporting wheel is too large under the limit condition, and that the stress at the axisymmetric end face of 1 / 4 damping layer is large and "linear" distribution, which can easily lead to the fatigue failure of the rubber material. The adhesion between the spacer and the confinement layer is characterized by large deformation and high temperature, which can easily cause the rubber material to be "hot softened". The structure of the spaced damped laminar supporting wheel is improved by two different ways of equally discontinuous damping layer and restraint layer. The results of calculation and comparison show that it is reasonable to discontinue the restraint layer and damping layer along the two ends of the spacer. The damping layer stress and temperature distribution of the spacer damping layer improved by this method is more uniform and symmetrical, and the total dissipative energy of the supporting wheel is larger. The results show that the improved method not only reduces the probability of fatigue failure and thermal failure of the bearing wheel, but also improves its damping and damping performance. However, the stress of the improved supporting wheel is still large under the limit condition, so it is necessary to improve its stiffness to avoid fatigue failure. On the premise of not changing the original thickness of the bearing wheel after the improvement, the thickness of the restraint layer is increased, and the stress decreases obviously under the limit condition. The research ideas and methods in this paper can provide a reference for the design and improvement of high performance supporting wheel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH123.4

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