【摘要】：目前,大型旋轉(zhuǎn)機械設(shè)備正向著高功效、大功率、高精度和自動化等方向快速發(fā)展,而轉(zhuǎn)子作為旋轉(zhuǎn)機械的核心部件,其動平衡問題也愈發(fā)重要。然而基于單源信息的傳統(tǒng)動平衡方法,由于獲取不平衡分量的精度不高,平衡效果評價方式存在弊端。針對這些問題,將傳統(tǒng)影響系數(shù)法和全矢譜技術(shù)相結(jié)合,提出了全矢動平衡方法,然后通過轉(zhuǎn)子動力學(xué)特性和影響系數(shù)矩陣條件數(shù)的研究,從理論上證明了全矢動平衡的精度高于傳統(tǒng)平衡方法,并提出了最佳平衡面位置的選擇,進(jìn)一步提高了全矢動平衡的精度,本文的主要研究工作包括： 1、通過對存在質(zhì)量偏心的單圓盤轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)建模,研究了轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡故障機理,進(jìn)一步分析了剛性和柔性轉(zhuǎn)子的影響系數(shù)法,論證了基于單源信息的傳統(tǒng)影響系數(shù)法必然產(chǎn)生的種種弊端,針對這些弊端的根源,將全矢譜信息融合技術(shù)與影響系數(shù)法相結(jié)合,提出了全矢動平衡方法,并討論了全矢不平衡響應(yīng)的快速算法,提高了動平衡的精度和效率。 2、介紹了轉(zhuǎn)子-支承系統(tǒng)的模化方法,建立了模型的動力學(xué)方程,并采用有限元軟件ANSYS模擬了轉(zhuǎn)子-軸承系統(tǒng),進(jìn)而對其進(jìn)行動力學(xué)分析,并在此有限元模型上進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)雙圓盤、三圓盤虛擬動平衡研究。 3、通過對轉(zhuǎn)子動力學(xué)模型分析,推導(dǎo)了影響系數(shù)矩陣的數(shù)學(xué)公式,證明了影響系數(shù)矩陣條件數(shù)可以衡量動平衡的精度,即同一測量精度下,條件數(shù)愈小,平衡精度愈高。并分別在ANSYS模擬的轉(zhuǎn)子動平衡模型和BENTLY轉(zhuǎn)子實驗臺上進(jìn)行了全矢動平衡法和傳統(tǒng)影響系數(shù)法的轉(zhuǎn)子動平衡實驗,其結(jié)果表明,全矢動平衡方法的條件數(shù)小于傳統(tǒng)的單通道平衡方法,從而在理論上證明了全矢動平衡方法精度高。 4、通過對轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)振型分析,得出前四階振型和不平衡響應(yīng),經(jīng)過分析可知,平衡面位置的選擇會對影響系數(shù)矩陣性質(zhì)有決定性作用,從而提出了根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)子振型來確定最佳平衡面位置的方法,進(jìn)一步提高了全矢動平衡的精度,最后在ANSYS模擬的轉(zhuǎn)子模型進(jìn)行了雙圓盤和三圓盤動平平衡驗,證明了該結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:At present, large rotating machinery is developing rapidly in the direction of high efficiency, high power, high precision and automation. As the core part of rotating machinery, the dynamic balance of rotor is becoming more and more important. However, the traditional dynamic balancing method based on single source information has some disadvantages because of the low precision of obtaining unbalanced components. In order to solve these problems, the traditional influence coefficient method and the total vector spectrum technique are combined, and then the dynamic characteristics of rotor and the condition number of the influence coefficient matrix are studied. It is proved theoretically that the accuracy of total vector balance is higher than that of traditional equilibrium method, and the selection of optimal balance plane position is proposed, which further improves the accuracy of total vector balancing. The main research work of this paper includes: 1. By modeling the single disk rotor system with mass eccentricity, the rotor unbalance fault mechanism is studied, and the influence coefficient method of rigid and flexible rotor is further analyzed. In this paper, the disadvantages of the traditional influence coefficient method based on single source information are demonstrated. Aiming at the root of these drawbacks, the full vector balance method is proposed by combining the full vector spectrum information fusion technique with the influence coefficient method. The fast algorithm of full vector unbalanced response is discussed, and the accuracy and efficiency of dynamic balance are improved. 2. The modeling method of rotor-bearing system is introduced, the dynamic equation of the model is established, the rotor-bearing system is simulated by finite element software ANSYS, and the dynamic analysis is carried out. Based on the finite element model, the virtual dynamic balance of the rotor system with double disks and three disks is studied. 3. By analyzing the rotor dynamic model, the mathematical formula of the influence coefficient matrix is derived, and it is proved that the condition number of the influence coefficient matrix can measure the accuracy of dynamic balance, that is, the smaller the condition number is, the higher the balance precision is. The rotor dynamic balancing experiments of ANSYS simulation and BENTLY rotor test bench are carried out, respectively. The results show that the method of full vector balancing and the traditional influence coefficient method are used to balance the rotor. The condition number of the full vector balancing method is smaller than that of the traditional single channel equilibrium method, so it is proved theoretically that the full vector balancing method has high accuracy. 4. Through the mode analysis of the rotor system, the first four order modes and the unbalance response are obtained. Through the analysis, it can be concluded that the choice of the position of the balance plane will play a decisive role in the properties of the influence coefficient matrix. The method of determining the optimal position of the balance surface according to the rotor mode is put forward, and the accuracy of the full vector balancing is further improved. Finally, the double disk and three disk dynamic plane balance test is carried out in the rotor model simulated by ANSYS, and the conclusion is proved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH165.3

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本文編號：2349350