【摘要】：在我國煤炭開采中,井下開采占據(jù)著主導地位。乳化液泵站作為井下采煤液壓系統(tǒng)的動力元件,它為系統(tǒng)提供工作用的乳化液介質(zhì)�，F(xiàn)代化的采煤工作面對乳化液泵站的供液質(zhì)量要求越來越高,即要求到達液壓支架的壓力波動范圍越來越小。但是隨著工作面對重載高速的要求越來越高,使得泵站功率越來越大,節(jié)能因素決定了不能使用溢流閥來穩(wěn)定泵站壓力,只能使用工作在開關(guān)狀態(tài)下的卸載閥來穩(wěn)定泵站的供液壓力。因此,卸載閥的動態(tài)特性顯得尤為重要。論文基于機液仿真軟件AMESim對礦用乳化液泵站卸載閥進行了建模和仿真研究,并結(jié)合實驗進行參數(shù)辨識,研究了卸載閥的動態(tài)特性,研究的結(jié)果對卸載閥新樣機的制作有一定的指導意義。 論文首先介紹了水壓傳動的定義,緊接著闡述了國內(nèi)外卸載閥的研究現(xiàn)狀。由于高水基介質(zhì)的特殊性,論述了高水基介質(zhì)帶來的問題以及在設(shè)計加工制造過程中高水基液壓元件用到的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。運用機械/液壓及動力學軟件AMESim對卸載閥進行建模,建立了卸載閥的數(shù)學模型及AMESim仿真模型。根據(jù)所建立的模型,對電磁控制方式和機械控制方式進行了詳細的分析,得出各自工作的動態(tài)過程。對卸載閥進行了頻域分析,得出卸載閥在工作時的穩(wěn)定性和穩(wěn)定裕度。利用AMESim軟件中的模態(tài)分析工具計算出卸載閥的固有頻率,使工作頻率遠離模態(tài)頻率以減小振動現(xiàn)象。運用遺傳算法優(yōu)化原理,選擇卸載閥中影響因素較大的參數(shù)進行參數(shù)取值,并對這些參數(shù)進行優(yōu)化設(shè)計,使得卸載閥在工作時達到最大的節(jié)能效果。為驗證上述仿真結(jié)果,在煤炭科學研究院太原研究院的幫助下,搭建了實驗系統(tǒng)并進行實驗。實驗結(jié)果表明,卸載閥具有穩(wěn)定性好、壓力波動范圍小的特點,能夠滿足乳化液泵站的工作需要,同時也驗證了模擬仿真的正確性。 論文所做工作主要是針對礦乳化液泵站壓力控制的特殊性,對泵站用卸載閥進行了數(shù)學分析及仿真研究,為卸載閥動態(tài)性能的設(shè)計提供理論支持。本文中對卸載閥結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的優(yōu)化結(jié)果為卸載閥性能的提高也有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:In our country coal mining, underground mining occupies the leading position. As the power element of underground coal mining hydraulic system, the emulsion pumping station provides the working medium for the system. The modern coal mining work is faced with more and more requirements for the liquid supply quality of the emulsion pumping station, that is, the pressure fluctuation range required to reach the hydraulic support is becoming smaller and smaller. However, as the demand of heavy load and high speed becomes higher and higher, the power of pump station becomes more and more large. The energy saving factor determines that the relief valve can not be used to stabilize the pressure of pump station. Only the unloading valve working in the switch state can be used to stabilize the pressure of the pump station. Therefore, the dynamic characteristics of the unloading valve is particularly important. Based on the simulation software AMESim, this paper models and simulates the unloading valve of mine emulsion pump station, and studies the dynamic characteristics of the unloading valve by combining with the experiment to identify the parameters. The results of the study have a certain guiding significance for the manufacture of the new prototype of the unloading valve. Firstly, the definition of hydraulic transmission is introduced, and then the research status of unloading valve at home and abroad is described. Due to the particularity of high water base medium, the problems brought by high water base medium and the key technologies used in the design and manufacture of high water base hydraulic components are discussed. The mechanical / hydraulic and dynamic software AMESim is used to model the unloading valve, and the mathematical model and AMESim simulation model of the unloading valve are established. According to the established model, the electromagnetic control mode and the mechanical control mode are analyzed in detail, and the dynamic process of each work is obtained. The stability and stability margin of unloading valve are obtained by frequency domain analysis. The natural frequency of the unloading valve is calculated by using the modal analysis tool in AMESim software, and the working frequency is far away from the modal frequency to reduce the vibration phenomenon. Based on the optimization principle of genetic algorithm, the parameters of the unloading valve are selected and the parameters are optimized to make the unloading valve achieve the maximum energy saving effect. In order to verify the above simulation results, with the help of Taiyuan Research Institute of Coal Science, the experimental system was built and the experiment was carried out. The experimental results show that the unloading valve has the characteristics of good stability and small range of pressure fluctuation, which can meet the needs of the emulsion pumping station, and also verifies the correctness of the simulation. Aiming at the particularity of pressure control in mine emulsion pump station, the paper makes mathematical analysis and simulation study on unloading valve used in pump station, which provides theoretical support for the design of dynamic performance of unloading valve. In this paper, the optimization results of unloading valve structure parameters are also of reference value for the improvement of unloading valve performance.
【學位授予單位】：太原科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TD355.4;TH137.52

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