【摘要】：隨著液壓技術(shù)的發(fā)展,液壓在整個(gè)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和國(guó)防行業(yè)表現(xiàn)得越來(lái)越重要。液壓泵和液壓馬達(dá)作為液壓系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力元件和執(zhí)行元件,是整個(gè)液壓系統(tǒng)的核心部分。其性能的好壞直接關(guān)系到整個(gè)液壓系統(tǒng)的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性。液壓泵、馬達(dá)也是整個(gè)液壓系統(tǒng)中最容易損壞的元件,其故障部位不易查找。并且為了保證維修之后的液壓泵和馬達(dá)能正常使用,在使用之前必須對(duì)其各項(xiàng)性能進(jìn)行測(cè)試。因此設(shè)計(jì)出帶有故障自診斷的液壓泵、馬達(dá)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)是十分必要的。本文主要研究的目標(biāo)是：根據(jù)液壓泵故障特征設(shè)計(jì)液壓泵故障模式識(shí)別軟件,能識(shí)別出液壓泵的正常、柱塞故障、缸體故障和配油盤故障這4種模式；研究液壓泵的測(cè)試內(nèi)容,設(shè)計(jì)液壓系統(tǒng),對(duì)維修后的液壓泵和液壓馬達(dá)能測(cè)試出其主要參數(shù)。本文主要從以下幾方面進(jìn)行論述： 1.根據(jù)國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)液壓測(cè)試技術(shù)的研究和企業(yè)實(shí)際需求,設(shè)計(jì)出測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的液壓原理圖。比較各企業(yè)的液壓元件性能和價(jià)格,選定測(cè)試系統(tǒng)所需要的液壓元件。 2.傳感器作為測(cè)試技術(shù)中的基本元件,對(duì)測(cè)試結(jié)果有很大的影響，，通過(guò)對(duì)比各種傳感器特點(diǎn),確定了本課題中的各種傳感器的型號(hào)。本文還分析了數(shù)據(jù)采集卡的主要參數(shù),選用凌華公司生產(chǎn)的PCI-9111DG作為本課題的數(shù)據(jù)采集設(shè)備,并介紹了采集卡上的各引腳的連接。 3.為了能準(zhǔn)確的提取液壓泵故障類別的特征,本文對(duì)小波包技術(shù)進(jìn)行深入的研究,提出了采用小波包三層分解信號(hào),提取第三層各頻率段能量值作為模式識(shí)別的特征向量。神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有良好的分類效果,本文對(duì)比了BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和概率神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)液壓泵故障模式分類的效果。最終采用概率神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為本課題的故障識(shí)別方法。 4.運(yùn)用LabVIEW軟件設(shè)計(jì)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)采集,數(shù)據(jù)處理和數(shù)據(jù)顯示。將LabVIEW采集到振動(dòng)信號(hào)傳輸?shù)組ATLAB軟件,利用MATLAB編寫的故障診斷程序?qū)π盘?hào)做出診斷,并最終將結(jié)果返還到LabVIEW編寫的系統(tǒng)中顯示。實(shí)現(xiàn)了LabVIEW和MATLAB的混合編程。 5.本文運(yùn)用本課題所設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)對(duì)液壓泵進(jìn)行故障自診斷和測(cè)試,診斷結(jié)果和測(cè)試結(jié)果說(shuō)明本課題所設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)的系統(tǒng)能符合企業(yè)要求。
[Abstract]:With the development of hydraulic technology, hydraulics is becoming more and more important in the whole national economy and national defense industry. Hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor are the core components of hydraulic system. Its performance is directly related to the reliability and stability of the whole hydraulic system. Hydraulic pump, motor is the most easily damaged components in the whole hydraulic system, its fault location is difficult to find. In order to ensure that the hydraulic pump and motor after maintenance can be used normally, the performance of the pump must be tested before use. So it is necessary to design hydraulic pump with fault self-diagnosis and motor test system. The main purpose of this paper is to design a software for identifying the fault pattern of hydraulic pump according to the fault characteristics of hydraulic pump, which can identify the four modes of hydraulic pump such as normal, plunger, cylinder block and oil distribution disk fault. The main parameters of hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor after maintenance are tested by studying the testing content of hydraulic pump and designing hydraulic system. This paper mainly discusses the following aspects: 1. According to the research of hydraulic testing technology at home and abroad and the actual demand of enterprises, the hydraulic principle diagram of the test system is designed. Compare the performance and price of hydraulic components, select the hydraulic components needed by the test system. 2. As the basic component of the testing technology, the sensor has a great influence on the test results. By comparing the characteristics of various sensors, the model of the various sensors in this paper is determined. This paper also analyzes the main parameters of the data acquisition card, selects the PCI-9111DG produced by Linghua Company as the data acquisition equipment of this subject, and introduces the connection of the pins on the data acquisition card. 3. In order to extract the characteristics of hydraulic pump fault class accurately, the wavelet packet technology is deeply studied in this paper. The wavelet packet three-layer decomposition signal is used to extract the energy value of the third layer frequency segment as the characteristic vector of pattern recognition. Neural network has good classification effect. This paper compares the effect of BP neural network and probabilistic neural network on fault mode classification of hydraulic pump. Finally, probabilistic neural network is used as the fault identification method. 4. LabVIEW software is used to design test system software for data acquisition, data processing and data display. The vibration signal collected by LabVIEW is transmitted to the MATLAB software, and the fault diagnosis program written by MATLAB is used to diagnose the signal. Finally, the result is returned to the system written by LabVIEW to display. The mixed programming of LabVIEW and MATLAB is realized. 5. In this paper, the system designed in this paper is used to self-diagnose and test the hydraulic pump fault. The results of diagnosis and test show that the system designed in this paper can meet the requirements of the enterprise.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH137.51

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