離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)性能的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-26 14:40
【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,現(xiàn)代很多離心泵的設(shè)計(jì)都對(duì)關(guān)死點(diǎn)性能提出了越來越明確的要求,比如核電用泵、艦船用泵和可再生能源泵等。由于傳統(tǒng)離心泵設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)于關(guān)死點(diǎn)性能一般不予考慮,導(dǎo)致目前有關(guān)離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)性能的研究相當(dāng)缺乏。因此,迫切需要開展離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)性能的研究以豐富和發(fā)展現(xiàn)代離心泵設(shè)計(jì)理論和方法。本文在國家自然科學(xué)基金(51079062、51109095)的資助下,采用理論分析、數(shù)值計(jì)算與試驗(yàn)測(cè)試相結(jié)合的方法對(duì)離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)的特性進(jìn)行了較為系統(tǒng)的研究,主要工作和創(chuàng)造性成果有： 1.較為系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)了離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)性能、內(nèi)流模擬、PIV測(cè)試、流固耦合計(jì)算、流動(dòng)誘導(dǎo)振動(dòng)以及性能預(yù)測(cè)的研究現(xiàn)狀及其發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。 2.首次試驗(yàn)研究了離心泵葉輪葉片出口角、葉片出口寬度、葉片數(shù)、葉片包角和葉片進(jìn)口沖角等葉輪主要幾何參數(shù)對(duì)離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)揚(yáng)程和關(guān)死點(diǎn)功率的影響規(guī)律,并根據(jù)各參數(shù)引起的關(guān)死點(diǎn)揚(yáng)程及關(guān)死點(diǎn)功率的變化范圍對(duì)各參數(shù)的影響大小進(jìn)行了排序。各參數(shù)對(duì)關(guān)死點(diǎn)揚(yáng)程影響從大到小的順序依次為：葉片包角、葉片出口寬度、葉片數(shù)、葉片進(jìn)口沖角和葉片出口角。各參數(shù)對(duì)關(guān)死點(diǎn)功率影響從大到小的順序依次為：葉片出口寬度、葉片包角、葉片數(shù)、葉片出口角和葉片進(jìn)口沖角。 3.在總結(jié)研究離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)揚(yáng)程計(jì)算方法的基礎(chǔ)上,以34臺(tái)離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)揚(yáng)程的試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)為依據(jù),采用一元非線性回歸分析方法對(duì)7種常用的離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)揚(yáng)程計(jì)算方法進(jìn)行了修正。實(shí)例計(jì)算表明修正后各公式的計(jì)算精度得到了明顯提高。 4.首次基于BP人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)建立了離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)功率的預(yù)測(cè)模型,并給出了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的輸入模式和拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。采用46組不同比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)離心泵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和關(guān)死點(diǎn)性能參數(shù)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型進(jìn)行了訓(xùn)練,采用另外3組不同比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)的離心泵模型對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行了檢驗(yàn),檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明網(wǎng)絡(luò)平均預(yù)測(cè)偏差為4%,具有比較高的工程應(yīng)用價(jià)值。 5.建立了離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)內(nèi)流數(shù)值模擬方法,并對(duì)3臺(tái)不同比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)的離心泵在關(guān)死點(diǎn)工況下的內(nèi)部流動(dòng)進(jìn)行了全流場(chǎng)數(shù)值計(jì)算,基于數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果預(yù)測(cè)了各模型泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)揚(yáng)程以及各模型泵過流部件內(nèi)的流動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)與壓力脈動(dòng)規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明：(1)各模型關(guān)死點(diǎn)揚(yáng)程預(yù)測(cè)值與試驗(yàn)值偏差均在5%以內(nèi),這說明提出的數(shù)值模擬方法是基本正確的；(2)葉輪內(nèi)不穩(wěn)定流動(dòng)對(duì)進(jìn)口管路內(nèi)流的影響距離約為管徑的10倍；葉頻對(duì)進(jìn)口管路壓力脈動(dòng)基本沒有影響,軸頻對(duì)進(jìn)口管路內(nèi)壓力脈動(dòng)有影響但比較�。�(3)在關(guān)死工況下,隨著比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)的增加葉輪出口處的漩渦面積比例有逐漸減小的趨勢(shì),而葉輪進(jìn)口的漩渦面積比例有逐漸增大的趨勢(shì),同時(shí)葉輪出口的“射流-尾跡”現(xiàn)象也越來越明顯；軸頻對(duì)葉輪進(jìn)口壓力脈動(dòng)影響較大,葉輪出口的壓力脈動(dòng)則受葉頻的影響較大；蝸殼內(nèi)各點(diǎn)的壓力脈動(dòng)最大幅值都是出現(xiàn)在葉頻處,這說明動(dòng)靜干涉對(duì)蝸殼內(nèi)的壓力脈動(dòng)有著較大的影響；(4)出口管路內(nèi)各點(diǎn)壓力脈動(dòng)曲線基本一致,各曲線波峰波谷數(shù)與各模型葉片數(shù)相等,同時(shí)其最大幅值均出現(xiàn)在葉頻處。 6.對(duì)一比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)為65的離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)內(nèi)部流動(dòng)進(jìn)行了PIV測(cè)試,并將內(nèi)流測(cè)試結(jié)果與數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)對(duì)比。對(duì)比結(jié)果表明除葉輪進(jìn)口附近流場(chǎng)外,PIV試驗(yàn)測(cè)得的內(nèi)流場(chǎng)與數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算得到的內(nèi)流場(chǎng)都較為一致；葉輪進(jìn)口流場(chǎng)的差異很有可能是PIV示蹤粒子沉降而導(dǎo)致的。 7.對(duì)一比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)為46.2的離心泵關(guān)死點(diǎn)工況下的結(jié)構(gòu)場(chǎng)和內(nèi)流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了流固耦合數(shù)值計(jì)算,對(duì)比了流固耦合前后關(guān)死點(diǎn)揚(yáng)程預(yù)測(cè)精度和泵內(nèi)流場(chǎng)分布的差異,并詳細(xì)分析了葉輪的結(jié)構(gòu)變形。研究結(jié)果表明：(1)考慮流固耦合作用后關(guān)死點(diǎn)揚(yáng)程的預(yù)測(cè)精度有所提高；(2)考慮流固耦合作用后葉輪內(nèi)各監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)的壓力脈動(dòng)現(xiàn)象呈現(xiàn)出明顯的周期性且脈動(dòng)幅度也明顯增大；(3)葉輪蓋板上越靠近隔舌的區(qū)域,其位移變形和等效應(yīng)力越大；各葉片的位移變形從進(jìn)口到出口逐漸增大,但各葉片的等效應(yīng)力最大值并不在葉片出口邊。 8.采用加速度傳感器對(duì)一比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)為65的離心泵關(guān)死工況下的流動(dòng)誘導(dǎo)振動(dòng)進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,并對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：(1)軸向振動(dòng)加速度脈動(dòng)呈現(xiàn)一定的弱周期性規(guī)律,徑向振動(dòng)加速度脈動(dòng)沒有任何周期性；(2)蝸殼隔舌處的振動(dòng)加速度脈動(dòng)幅值最大；(3)各測(cè)點(diǎn)的最大振動(dòng)加速度均出現(xiàn)在1400Hz附近,大約是葉片通過頻率的10倍；(4)蝸殼5斷面處的軸向振動(dòng)程度是最為劇烈的,而7斷面處的徑向振動(dòng)程度是最弱的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, the design of many modern centrifugal pumps has put forward more and more definite demands on the performance of shut-off point, such as nuclear power pump, ship pump and renewable energy pump, etc. Because the traditional centrifugal pump design is generally not considered for shut-off point performance, the research on the performance of the dead point of the centrifugal pump is quite scarce at present. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out the research on the dead-point performance of centrifugal pump to enrich and develop modern centrifugal pump design theory and method. With the help of National Natural Science Foundation of China (51079062, 51109095), the characteristics of the dead point of centrifugal pump are systematically studied by means of theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and test test. 1. The research status and development of the dead point performance, internal flow simulation, PIV measurement, flow solid coupling calculation, flow induced vibration and performance prediction of centrifugal pump are systematically summarized. 2. For the first time, the main geometric parameters of impeller blade outlet angle, blade outlet width, number of blades, blade package angle and blade inlet offset angle are studied in this paper. The influence law of each parameter is affected by the variation range of the dead-point head and the dead-point power caused by each parameter. The sequence of the influence of each parameter on the dead-point lift is as follows: blade package angle, blade outlet width, number of blades, blade inlet punching angle, The influence of each parameter on the off-dead point power is: blade outlet width, blade package angle, number of blades, blade outlet angle and leaf. On the basis of summarizing the calculation method of the dead-point lift of centrifugal pump, based on the test data of 34 centrifugal pumps off dead-point lift, the dead-point head of seven commonly used centrifugal pumps is calculated by one-way nonlinear regression analysis method. The calculation method is modified, and the calculation of each formula after correction is calculated by the example calculation. 4. The prediction model of dead point power of centrifugal pump is established based on BP artificial neural network for the first time, and the network is given. In this paper, the network model is trained by the structure parameters and the off-dead point performance parameters of the centrifugal pump with different ratios of 46 groups, and the network is tested by the centrifugal pump model with different ratios of 3 different ratios. The results show that The network average forecast deviation is 4%. The numerical simulation method of the flow in the dead point of the centrifugal pump is established, and the centrifugal pump with different specific revolutions is under the condition of closing dead point. The whole flow field numerical calculation is carried out in the internal flow. Based on the numerical simulation results, the dead-point lift of each model pump and the flow-through part of each model pump are predicted. The results show that: (1) the deviation of the prediction value and the test value of the dead point of each model is within 5%, which indicates that the proposed numerical simulation method is basically correct; (2) the unsteady flow in the impeller is within the inlet pipeline. The influence distance of flow is about 10 times of pipe diameter; leaf frequency has no effect on the pressure pulsation of inlet pipeline, but the axial frequency has an influence on the pressure pulsation in inlet pipeline but small; (3) Under the dead working condition, with the increase of the number of revolutions, the impeller outlet is increased The swirl area ratio has a decreasing trend, while the proportion of the vortex area of the impeller inlet is increasing gradually, and the 鈥渏et-tail trace鈥，
本文編號(hào)：2296058
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, the design of many modern centrifugal pumps has put forward more and more definite demands on the performance of shut-off point, such as nuclear power pump, ship pump and renewable energy pump, etc. Because the traditional centrifugal pump design is generally not considered for shut-off point performance, the research on the performance of the dead point of the centrifugal pump is quite scarce at present. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out the research on the dead-point performance of centrifugal pump to enrich and develop modern centrifugal pump design theory and method. With the help of National Natural Science Foundation of China (51079062, 51109095), the characteristics of the dead point of centrifugal pump are systematically studied by means of theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and test test. 1. The research status and development of the dead point performance, internal flow simulation, PIV measurement, flow solid coupling calculation, flow induced vibration and performance prediction of centrifugal pump are systematically summarized. 2. For the first time, the main geometric parameters of impeller blade outlet angle, blade outlet width, number of blades, blade package angle and blade inlet offset angle are studied in this paper. The influence law of each parameter is affected by the variation range of the dead-point head and the dead-point power caused by each parameter. The sequence of the influence of each parameter on the dead-point lift is as follows: blade package angle, blade outlet width, number of blades, blade inlet punching angle, The influence of each parameter on the off-dead point power is: blade outlet width, blade package angle, number of blades, blade outlet angle and leaf. On the basis of summarizing the calculation method of the dead-point lift of centrifugal pump, based on the test data of 34 centrifugal pumps off dead-point lift, the dead-point head of seven commonly used centrifugal pumps is calculated by one-way nonlinear regression analysis method. The calculation method is modified, and the calculation of each formula after correction is calculated by the example calculation. 4. The prediction model of dead point power of centrifugal pump is established based on BP artificial neural network for the first time, and the network is given. In this paper, the network model is trained by the structure parameters and the off-dead point performance parameters of the centrifugal pump with different ratios of 46 groups, and the network is tested by the centrifugal pump model with different ratios of 3 different ratios. The results show that The network average forecast deviation is 4%. The numerical simulation method of the flow in the dead point of the centrifugal pump is established, and the centrifugal pump with different specific revolutions is under the condition of closing dead point. The whole flow field numerical calculation is carried out in the internal flow. Based on the numerical simulation results, the dead-point lift of each model pump and the flow-through part of each model pump are predicted. The results show that: (1) the deviation of the prediction value and the test value of the dead point of each model is within 5%, which indicates that the proposed numerical simulation method is basically correct; (2) the unsteady flow in the impeller is within the inlet pipeline. The influence distance of flow is about 10 times of pipe diameter; leaf frequency has no effect on the pressure pulsation of inlet pipeline, but the axial frequency has an influence on the pressure pulsation in inlet pipeline but small; (3) Under the dead working condition, with the increase of the number of revolutions, the impeller outlet is increased The swirl area ratio has a decreasing trend, while the proportion of the vortex area of the impeller inlet is increasing gradually, and the 鈥渏et-tail trace鈥，
本文編號(hào)：2296058
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