【摘要】：葉輪機(jī)械作為以連續(xù)旋轉(zhuǎn)葉片為做功載體,使能量在流體工質(zhì)與軸動(dòng)力之間相互轉(zhuǎn)換的能源利用裝置之一,廣泛應(yīng)用于能源、電力、石油化工、交通運(yùn)輸?shù)葒?guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)及國(guó)防軍事領(lǐng)域。從國(guó)家重大裝備制造業(yè)和現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)需求來(lái)看,葉輪機(jī)械向高性能參數(shù)、高可靠性等方向發(fā)展是一個(gè)必然的趨勢(shì)。以應(yīng)用在電力驅(qū)動(dòng)的動(dòng)車(chē)組上的牽引電機(jī)冷卻通風(fēng)機(jī)為例,它具有占用空間小、耗功小、能為動(dòng)車(chē)組牽引電機(jī)提供大流量、高全壓冷卻氣體的特點(diǎn)；又如被稱(chēng)為核電站核島“心臟”的核反應(yīng)堆冷卻劑泵,有在高溫、高壓、輻射環(huán)境下長(zhǎng)期、安全、可靠地運(yùn)行,并具有大流量和高揚(yáng)程的苛刻性能要求。然而大流量高全壓葉輪機(jī)械內(nèi)部流動(dòng)較為復(fù)雜,使得核主泵在水力特性、安全可靠等方面設(shè)計(jì)難度較大,國(guó)內(nèi)長(zhǎng)期依靠進(jìn)口,嚴(yán)重限制了我國(guó)核電發(fā)展進(jìn)程。開(kāi)發(fā)研制先進(jìn)、高效、可靠的葉輪機(jī)械,可以彌補(bǔ)國(guó)內(nèi)技術(shù)空白并替代國(guó)外進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品,增強(qiáng)國(guó)產(chǎn)高性能參數(shù)葉輪機(jī)械國(guó)際市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,對(duì)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展具有重要的意義。 論文圍繞“和諧號(hào)”某系列動(dòng)車(chē)組牽引電機(jī)冷卻用通風(fēng)機(jī)國(guó)產(chǎn)化任務(wù)進(jìn)行研究,根據(jù)工程需要,對(duì)原進(jìn)口風(fēng)機(jī)及若干改型方案進(jìn)行論證,進(jìn)而通過(guò)一維設(shè)計(jì)初定所設(shè)計(jì)的新型風(fēng)機(jī)的幾何參數(shù),利用三維數(shù)值模擬方法研究離心風(fēng)機(jī)的內(nèi)部流動(dòng)并預(yù)測(cè)其性能；針對(duì)流場(chǎng)中存在的缺點(diǎn),以提升風(fēng)機(jī)效率、保證出口靜壓升、功率消耗最小及提升風(fēng)機(jī)高可靠性運(yùn)行為目標(biāo),對(duì)冷卻通風(fēng)機(jī)重要過(guò)流部件葉輪、進(jìn)口流道和擴(kuò)壓通道進(jìn)行深入分析及改型,并將最佳方案制造樣機(jī),完成性能試驗(yàn),實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示：自主設(shè)計(jì)的動(dòng)車(chē)組牽引電機(jī)冷卻風(fēng)機(jī)滿(mǎn)足國(guó)內(nèi)“和諧號(hào)”某系列動(dòng)車(chē)組冷卻設(shè)計(jì)需要,并通過(guò)“機(jī)械工業(yè)風(fēng)機(jī)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)中心”性能檢驗(yàn),可以替代進(jìn)口,現(xiàn)已批量生產(chǎn)并投入使用,完成了該系列動(dòng)車(chē)組牽引電機(jī)冷卻用通風(fēng)機(jī)國(guó)產(chǎn)化設(shè)計(jì)工作。 在總結(jié)大流量高全壓冷卻風(fēng)機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)AP1000核主泵葉輪葉片前緣部分形狀進(jìn)行優(yōu)化研究�；贒esign3D優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)平臺(tái),以總絕熱多變效率最大化為目標(biāo)函數(shù),研究沿葉高不同葉片前緣形狀變化規(guī)律,為改善核主泵氣動(dòng)性能提供設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Turbomachinery is one of the energy utilizing devices which use continuous rotating blades as work carriers to convert energy between fluid and shaft power. It is widely used in energy, power, petrochemical, transportation and other national economic and defense military fields. It is an inevitable trend to develop toward high performance parameters and high reliability. Take the traction motor cooling ventilator used in EMU as an example, it has the characteristics of small occupancy space, low power consumption, large flow and high total pressure cooling gas for traction motor of EMU, and is also called "heart" of nuclear island of nuclear power station. "The nuclear reactor coolant pump has long-term, safe and reliable operation under high temperature, high pressure and radiation environment, and has severe performance requirements of large flow rate and high head. Imports have severely restricted the development of nuclear power in China. The development of advanced, efficient and reliable turbomachineries can make up for the technical gap at home and replace foreign imports, and enhance the competitiveness of domestic turbomachineries with high performance parameters in the international market.
This paper focuses on the localization of the fan for traction motor cooling of a series of EMUs of "Harmony" and demonstrates the original imported fan and some modification schemes according to the engineering needs. Then, the geometric parameters of the new fan designed by one-dimensional design are initially determined, and the inner part of the centrifugal fan is studied by three-dimensional numerical simulation method. Aiming at the shortcomings of the flow field, the impeller, inlet runner and diffuser of the important flow passage parts of the cooling fan are analyzed and modified to ensure the efficiency of the fan, the static pressure rise at the outlet, the minimum power consumption and the high reliability of the fan. The experimental results show that the self-designed cooling fan for traction motor of EMU meets the cooling design requirements of a certain series of EMU "Harmony" in China, and can replace the imported one through the performance test of "Machinery Industry Fan Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center". Now it has been produced in batches and put into use, and the series of motor has been completed. Localization design of fan for traction motor cooling.
On the basis of summing up the design experience of high-flow and high-pressure cooling fan, the shape optimization of blade leading edge of AP1000 nuclear main pump impeller was studied. Based on the design 3D optimization design platform, the shape variation of blade leading edge along blade height was studied to improve the aerodynamic performance of nuclear main pump with the objective function of maximizing the total adiabatic efficiency. Provide basis for design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH122

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