發(fā)布時間：2018-09-10 11:21

【摘要】：往復式壓縮機是石油化工行業(yè)中常用的設備,設備一旦發(fā)生故障,除了影響生產(chǎn)效率、縮減經(jīng)濟效益而且還存在嚴重的安全隱患。因此,對往復式壓縮機進行故障診斷,是十分必要的。然而,往復式壓縮機結構復雜、激勵源較多,給往復式壓縮機的故障特征的提取帶來了巨大的困難。 閥片是往復式壓縮機最容易發(fā)生故障的關鍵部件,其振動信號中隱藏著豐富的調頻信號。由于傳統(tǒng)時頻分析方法難以有效提取閥片的調頻故障信號,本文提出基于分數(shù)階Fourier變換的往復式壓縮機故障診斷方法。首先對傳統(tǒng)的時頻分析方法進行分析,通過傳統(tǒng)時頻方法的研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)Wigner分布雖然具有一定的能量聚焦性,但是多分量信號分析中存在著難以解決交叉項問題。接著通過對標準正弦信號、單分量LFM信號、多分量LFM信號以及含噪聲干擾的LFM信號進行仿真分析,驗證離散分數(shù)階Fourier變換算法的準確性和有效性。分析結果表明,分數(shù)階Fourier變換不僅可以有效提取LFM信號的頻率特征,具有高度的時頻聚焦性,而且還可以有效的抑制噪聲干擾。最后將分數(shù)階Fourier變換應用到閥片故障診斷中,實驗結果表明,不同的閥片故障對應不同的頻率特征,從而實現(xiàn)往復式壓縮機閥片故障的定量診斷。
[Abstract]:Reciprocating compressor is a commonly used equipment in petrochemical industry. Once the equipment breaks down, it not only affects the production efficiency, but also reduces the economic benefit. Therefore, the reciprocating compressor fault diagnosis, is very necessary. However, the structure of reciprocating compressor is complex and there are many exciting sources, which brings great difficulties to the fault feature extraction of reciprocating compressor. Valve blade is the most prone to failure of reciprocating compressor key components, its vibration signal hidden rich frequency modulation signal. Because the traditional time-frequency analysis method is difficult to extract the frequency modulation fault signal of valve chip effectively, a fault diagnosis method of reciprocating compressor based on fractional Fourier transform is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the traditional time-frequency analysis method is analyzed. Through the research of the traditional time-frequency method, it is found that although the Wigner distribution has some energy focusing, it is difficult to solve the cross term problem in the multi-component signal analysis. Then the accuracy and validity of discrete fractional Fourier transform algorithm are verified by simulation and analysis of standard sinusoidal signal, single component LFM signal, multi-component LFM signal and LFM signal with noise interference. The results show that the fractional Fourier transform can not only extract the frequency characteristics of LFM signal effectively, but also suppress the noise interference effectively. Finally, the fractional Fourier transform is applied to the valve plate fault diagnosis. The experimental results show that different valve plate faults correspond to different frequency characteristics, thus realizing the quantitative diagnosis of valve plate faults of reciprocating compressors.
【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TH45;TH165.3

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