【摘要】：輪式工程機(jī)械機(jī)動(dòng)性好、工作高效,在各類工程項(xiàng)目中的物料挖掘、搬移、吊裝等方面有著廣泛地使用。因此,近年來越來越多的技術(shù)人員開始關(guān)注輪式工程機(jī)械的研究。 輪式工程機(jī)械的轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的主要功用是操縱和改變車輛的行駛方向,既要保持車輛沿直線行駛的穩(wěn)定性,還要保證車輛轉(zhuǎn)向的靈活性。全液壓轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)是當(dāng)前輪式工程機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)廣泛采用的液壓系統(tǒng)之一,尤其是近年來興起的負(fù)荷傳感型全液壓轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)因具有節(jié)能效果而成為研究熱點(diǎn)。該型系統(tǒng)配有優(yōu)先閥,一方面能夠按照轉(zhuǎn)向油路的要求優(yōu)先向其分配流量,另一方面,該系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)向油路除分配使其維持正常工作所必需的流量外,剩余部分可幾乎全部供給工作油路使用,提高了系統(tǒng)效率 本文在介紹負(fù)荷傳感型全液壓轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)組成和工作原理的基礎(chǔ)上,分別對(duì)系統(tǒng)的液壓泵、優(yōu)先閥、轉(zhuǎn)向器、轉(zhuǎn)向油缸以及相關(guān)的轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析,并相應(yīng)建立了其運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)方程。在忽略一些次要因素下,對(duì)系統(tǒng)模型進(jìn)行必要的簡(jiǎn)化后建立了系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用傳遞函數(shù)法對(duì)系統(tǒng)模型進(jìn)行分析,從理論上分析了影響系統(tǒng)靜、動(dòng)態(tài)特性的因素。同時(shí),利用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真工具箱搭建了系統(tǒng)的數(shù)字仿真模型,對(duì)液壓轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的靜、動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行了仿真驗(yàn)證,得到了其結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)液壓轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)性能的影響規(guī)律。最后,運(yùn)用MATLAB的優(yōu)化函數(shù)fmincon對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化分析,并在虛擬樣機(jī)仿真軟件ADAMS的View和Hydraulics平臺(tái)建立了系統(tǒng)的機(jī)械-液壓聯(lián)合仿真模型,進(jìn)行了分析實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了本文所建模型的合理性。
[Abstract]:Wheeled construction machinery has good maneuverability and high efficiency. It is widely used in material mining, moving and hoisting in all kinds of engineering projects. Therefore, in recent years, more and more technicians began to pay attention to the research of wheeled construction machinery. The main function of the steering system of wheeled construction machinery is to control and change the driving direction of the vehicle. It is necessary to maintain the stability of the vehicle running along the straight line and to ensure the flexibility of the vehicle steering. Full hydraulic steering system is one of the widely used hydraulic systems in the design of wheeled construction machinery steering system, especially the load sensing full hydraulic steering system, which has become a research hotspot for its energy-saving effect in recent years. This type of system is equipped with a priority valve, which, on the one hand, gives priority to flow distribution to the steering oil line according to the requirements of the steering oil line, and on the other hand, the system directs the oil path in addition to the flow required to maintain its normal operation. The remaining parts can almost all be supplied to the working oil circuit, which improves the system efficiency. Based on the introduction of the structure composition and working principle of the load sensing type full hydraulic steering system, the hydraulic pump and the priority valve of the system are separately analyzed in this paper. The kinematics and dynamics equations of steering gear, steering cylinder and related steering mechanism are analyzed. After neglecting some minor factors, the mathematical model of the system is established after the necessary simplification of the system model. On this basis, the transfer function method is used to analyze the system model, and the factors affecting the static and dynamic characteristics of the system are analyzed theoretically. At the same time, the digital simulation model of the system is built by using the MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation toolbox, the static and dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic steering system are simulated and verified, and the influence of its structural parameters on the performance of the hydraulic steering system is obtained. Finally, the optimization analysis of steering mechanism is carried out by using the optimization function of MATLAB (fmincon), and the combined mechanical-hydraulic simulation model of the system is established on the platform of View and Hydraulics of the virtual prototype simulation software ADAMS, and the analysis experiment is carried out. The rationality of the model is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH137

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本文編號(hào)：2234281