發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-27 19:33

【摘要】：轉(zhuǎn)子是航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的重要組件之一，轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)力學(xué)特性直接影響航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)整機(jī)性能及其工作可靠性。螺栓連接以結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、連接剛性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)廣泛應(yīng)用于航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)中。在轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)中，螺栓連接結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)多采用經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式，近些年對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)剛性，動(dòng)力學(xué)特性及其對(duì)整個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)力特性的影響更是缺乏深入的研究。近些年隨著計(jì)算機(jī)及有限元技術(shù)的發(fā)展研究的不斷深入，螺栓連接結(jié)構(gòu)及其動(dòng)力學(xué)特性的研究越來越受到重視。 本文首先對(duì)螺栓連接結(jié)構(gòu)的接觸問題進(jìn)行了研究，，對(duì)影響螺栓連接結(jié)構(gòu)法向接觸的主要參數(shù)進(jìn)行了分析，通過對(duì)幾種典型的試驗(yàn)件進(jìn)行模態(tài)試驗(yàn)，并與有限元計(jì)算結(jié)果對(duì)比分析，表明了兩種方法所得到的結(jié)果有較好的一致性，證明有限元數(shù)值仿真可以很準(zhǔn)確模擬螺栓連接結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)特性。然后通過利用有限元方法，對(duì)影響螺栓連接結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)（如安裝邊厚度，高度，接觸面摩擦系數(shù)等參數(shù)）進(jìn)行靈敏度分析，并通過多目標(biāo)驅(qū)動(dòng)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法實(shí)現(xiàn)了螺栓連接結(jié)構(gòu)彎曲剛度的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。 使用有限元方法對(duì)典型的轉(zhuǎn)子螺栓連接結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了動(dòng)力學(xué)特性分析，得到了螺栓預(yù)緊力影響模態(tài)頻率的大小。并基于螺栓預(yù)緊力確定的分離準(zhǔn)則、強(qiáng)度準(zhǔn)則，疲勞壽命準(zhǔn)則，在轉(zhuǎn)子工作范圍內(nèi)，計(jì)算出合理的螺栓預(yù)緊力數(shù)值的大小。并依據(jù)所得到的結(jié)果選取幾組合理的螺栓預(yù)緊力數(shù)值，使用Compbell圖方法得到了螺栓預(yù)緊力對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子臨界轉(zhuǎn)速數(shù)值的影響，并通過使用瞬態(tài)動(dòng)力學(xué)方法模擬轉(zhuǎn)子的加速過程，驗(yàn)證了Compbell圖方法計(jì)算的正確性。最后，通過對(duì)某型航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行建模分析，研究了螺栓預(yù)緊力對(duì)實(shí)際發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)力學(xué)特性的影響，并考慮了穩(wěn)態(tài)溫度場(chǎng)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)力學(xué)特性的影響。為今后進(jìn)一步分析多種載荷下螺栓連接對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)力學(xué)特性的影響打下了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Rotor is one of the important components of aero-engine. Rotor dynamic characteristics directly affect the performance and reliability of aero-engine. Bolt connections are widely used in aero-engine structures with the advantages of simple structure and good connection rigidity. In the design of rotor structure, the empirical formula is often used in the design of bolted connection structure. In recent years, the structural rigidity, dynamic characteristics and its influence on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor are lack of in-depth study. In recent years, with the development of computer and finite element technology, more and more attention has been paid to the research of bolted connection structure and its dynamic characteristics. In this paper, the contact problem of bolted connection structure is studied, and the main parameters affecting the normal contact of bolted connection structure are analyzed, and the modal tests are carried out on several typical test pieces. The results obtained by the two methods are in good agreement with those obtained by the finite element method. It is proved that the finite element numerical simulation can accurately simulate the dynamic characteristics of bolted connection structures. Then by using finite element method, the sensitivity analysis of structural parameters (such as installation edge thickness, height, friction coefficient of contact surface, etc.) is carried out. The optimum design of bending stiffness of bolted connection structure is realized by multi-objective driving optimization design method. The finite element method is used to analyze the dynamic characteristics of a typical rotor bolted connection structure, and the magnitude of the influence of bolt preload on the modal frequency is obtained. Based on the separation criterion, strength criterion and fatigue life criterion determined by bolt preload force, the reasonable pre-tightening force value of bolt is calculated in the working range of rotor. According to the obtained results, several groups of reasonable bolt preload values are selected, and the effect of bolt preloading force on rotor critical speed is obtained by using Compbell diagram method, and the acceleration process of rotor is simulated by transient dynamic method. The correctness of the Compbell diagram method is verified. Finally, by modeling and analyzing the turbine rotor structure of an aeroengine, the effect of bolt preload on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor structure is studied. The effect of steady temperature field on the dynamic characteristics of rotor structure is considered. It lays a foundation for further analysis of the effect of bolt connection on rotor dynamic characteristics under various loads in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH131.3

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