【摘要】：船用軸承故障主要是因負荷過大而導(dǎo)致油膜局部溫度過高,使油膜破裂形成無油膜摩擦,并最終導(dǎo)致軸承表面被損壞。為進一步提高船用止推軸承的潤滑性能,本論文開展了船用金斯伯雷止推軸承熱流動力潤滑特性研究。 首先,基于流體動壓潤滑理論,以船用金斯伯雷止推軸承系統(tǒng)為研究對象,建立以雷諾方程、油膜能量方程、油膜厚度方程、油膜溫粘方程為元素的熱流動力潤滑止推軸承數(shù)學(xué)模型,并確定了邊界條件,定義了衡量軸承性能的承載力和摩擦扭矩參數(shù),給出了Reynolds方程和能量方程的有限差分求解方法。 其次,開展了止推軸承等溫潤滑特性研究,數(shù)值分析了潤滑膜厚、軸瓦傾角和轉(zhuǎn)速對平面瓦面止推軸承承載力和摩擦扭矩的影響規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明,隨著油膜厚度的增加,軸承承載能力和摩擦扭矩迅速減小；隨著傾角的增加,止推軸承的承載能力明顯增加,而摩擦扭矩顯著減小；隨著轉(zhuǎn)速的增加,軸承承載能力和摩擦扭矩均迅速增加。 再次,開展了止推軸承熱流潤滑特性研究,數(shù)值分析了潤滑膜厚、軸瓦傾角和轉(zhuǎn)速對平面瓦面止推軸承油膜溫度分布、承載力和摩擦扭矩的影響規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明,油膜溫度沿剪切方向逐漸升高,在出口處出現(xiàn)最大溫升,溫粘效導(dǎo)致止推軸承承載能力降低。軸承潤滑油膜溫升受膜厚、軸瓦傾角和轉(zhuǎn)速的影響,膜厚越小、轉(zhuǎn)速越高,油膜溫升越大；軸瓦傾角越大,油膜溫升越小。膜厚越小、轉(zhuǎn)速越高、軸瓦傾角越大,軸承承載力越大。 最后,開展了止推軸承軸瓦瓦面改進研究,比較分析了平面形面、圓柱形面、橫彎形面、反橫彎形面、球形形面和馬鞍形面6種瓦面形面的油膜壓力分布和溫度分布,以及最大溫升和承載力的變化規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明,軸瓦形面對軸瓦油膜溫升和承載能力影響明顯,圓柱形面軸瓦具有較高的承載能力和較小的油膜溫升,潤滑性能最好；橫彎形面軸瓦承載能力最小,油膜溫升最高,潤滑性能最差。 本論文理論分析了止推軸承熱流潤滑特性規(guī)律,并通過對比分析提出了軸承軸瓦形面的改進設(shè)計,研究結(jié)果對于船用止推軸承設(shè)計具有一定的工程參考價值。
[Abstract]:The fault of marine bearing is mainly caused by excessive load, which results in excessive local temperature of oil film, resulting in oil film rupture and non-oil film friction, and finally leading to bearing surface damage. In order to further improve the lubricating performance of marine thrust bearings, a study on the heat flow dynamic lubrication characteristics of marine Kingsbury thrust bearings was carried out in this paper. Firstly, based on the hydrodynamic lubrication theory, the Reynolds equation, the oil film energy equation and the oil film thickness equation are established by taking the ship's Kingsbury thrust bearing system as the research object, which includes the Reynolds equation, the oil film energy equation and the oil film thickness equation. The mathematical model of thermal fluid dynamic lubricated thrust bearing with oil film temperature viscosity equation is presented. The boundary conditions are determined, the bearing capacity and friction torque parameters are defined to measure the bearing performance, and the finite difference solution method of Reynolds equation and energy equation is given. Secondly, the isothermal lubrication characteristics of thrust bearing are studied, and the influence of lubrication film thickness, bearing inclination angle and rotating speed on bearing capacity and friction torque are analyzed numerically. The results show that the bearing capacity and friction torque decrease rapidly with the increase of oil film thickness, the bearing capacity of thrust bearing increases obviously with the increase of inclination angle, and the friction torque decreases significantly with the increase of rotational speed. Bearing capacity and friction torque increase rapidly. Thirdly, the heat flow lubrication characteristics of thrust bearing are studied, and the effects of lubrication film thickness, bearing inclination angle and rotation speed on the temperature distribution, bearing capacity and friction torque of planar thrust bearing are analyzed numerically. The results show that the oil film temperature increases gradually along the shear direction, and the maximum temperature rise occurs at the outlet, and the bearing capacity of the thrust bearing decreases due to the temperature viscosity effect. The film temperature rise of bearing lubricating oil is affected by film thickness, bearing inclination angle and rotating speed. The smaller the film thickness is, the higher the rotational speed is, the greater the oil film temperature is, and the greater the inclination angle of bearing bush is, the smaller the oil film temperature rise is. The smaller the film thickness, the higher the rotating speed, the greater the inclination angle of the bearing and the greater the bearing capacity. Finally, the improvement research on the bearing bush surface is carried out, and the oil film pressure distribution and temperature distribution of six kinds of tile surfaces, such as plane surface, cylindrical surface, transverse curved surface, anti-transverse curved surface, spherical surface and saddle surface, are compared and analyzed. And the variation law of maximum temperature rise and bearing capacity. The results show that the bearing shape has obvious influence on the oil film temperature rise and bearing capacity of the bearing, the cylindrical bearing has higher bearing capacity and smaller oil film temperature rise, and the lubrication performance is the best, and the transverse curved bearing has the smallest bearing capacity and the highest oil film temperature rise. The lubrication performance is the worst. In this paper, the characteristics of heat flow lubrication of thrust bearing are analyzed theoretically, and the improved design of bearing bush is put forward through comparison and analysis. The research results have some engineering reference value for the design of marine thrust bearing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH133.3

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