【摘要】：并聯(lián)機(jī)床是空間多環(huán)機(jī)構(gòu)在機(jī)床制造業(yè)上的創(chuàng)造性應(yīng)用,是并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)與現(xiàn)代機(jī)床技術(shù)相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物,它可與傳統(tǒng)數(shù)控機(jī)床形成很強(qiáng)的互補(bǔ)。并聯(lián)機(jī)床雖然具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、剛度大、質(zhì)量輕、響應(yīng)速度快等優(yōu)點(diǎn),但是隨著并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)理論技術(shù)的發(fā)展,其制造成本高、工作空間與外形尺寸比不合理等缺點(diǎn)也逐漸暴露出來,且很難實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)具有空間任意角度平面零件(如網(wǎng)架節(jié)點(diǎn)球)的加工。根據(jù)當(dāng)前國內(nèi)外已有的并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式和其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),基于并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)理論,本文提出了一種新型并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)——四自由度并聯(lián)工作臺(tái),這種并聯(lián)工作臺(tái)可以與銑、鏜、加工中心等機(jī)床組合使用,滿足對(duì)具有任意角度平面零件的加工要求,對(duì)于擴(kuò)大機(jī)床加工功能和提高機(jī)床工作效率有著重要意義。論文的主要工作包括以下幾個(gè)方面: (1)通過對(duì)并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)的分析,應(yīng)用并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)理論,研究確定了并聯(lián)工作臺(tái)的結(jié)構(gòu)布局,簡(jiǎn)述了其工作原理,建立了工作臺(tái)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)正解和逆解模型,并分析了影響其工作空間大小的因素。 (2)結(jié)合ZH5132型數(shù)控鉆、銑加工中心工作空間的大小,確定了工作臺(tái)的機(jī)構(gòu)參數(shù);根據(jù)已有并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)零部件的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和加工的實(shí)際要求,研究確定了并聯(lián)工作臺(tái)零部件的結(jié)構(gòu),提出一種新型伸縮桿結(jié)構(gòu),該伸縮桿由步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng),通過齒輪減速器把動(dòng)力傳給滾珠絲桿,再通過滾珠螺母和伸縮套筒實(shí)現(xiàn)伸縮作用。 (3)運(yùn)用全參數(shù)化三維畫圖軟件Pro/E4.0對(duì)工作臺(tái)主要零部件進(jìn)行了三維建模,并進(jìn)行了虛擬裝配和干涉檢查,得到了并聯(lián)工作臺(tái)的虛擬樣機(jī)。 (4)通過機(jī)械系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真軟件ADAMS對(duì)工作臺(tái)虛擬樣機(jī)進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)仿真分析,來驗(yàn)證并聯(lián)工作臺(tái)各個(gè)零部件之間相互位置關(guān)系和尺寸的合理性,通過實(shí)體仿真進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證工作臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性和可操作性。
[Abstract]:Parallel machine tool (PMT) is a creative application of spatial multi-ring mechanism in machine tool manufacturing industry. It is the product of combining parallel mechanism with modern machine tool technology. It can complement the traditional NC machine tool strongly. Although the parallel machine tool has the advantages of simple structure, high stiffness, light weight and fast response speed, with the development of the theory and technology of parallel mechanism, its manufacturing cost is high, the ratio of workspace to shape is unreasonable, and so on. And it is difficult to realize the machining of plane parts with any angle of space (such as grid node ball). According to the structure form, advantages and disadvantages of the existing parallel mechanism at home and abroad, based on the theory of parallel mechanism, this paper presents a new parallel mechanism-4-DOF parallel table, which can be milling, boring, and boring. The combined use of machine tools such as machining centers can meet the requirements of machining flat parts with arbitrary angles. It is of great significance to expand the machining function of machine tools and improve the working efficiency of machine tools. The main work of this paper includes the following aspects: (1) through the analysis of the parallel mechanism and the application of the parallel mechanism theory, the structural layout of the parallel worktable is studied, and its working principle is briefly described. The forward and inverse kinematic solution models of the worktable are established, and the factors influencing the workspace size are analyzed. (2) the mechanism parameters of the worktable are determined with the size of the workspace in the NC drilling and milling center of ZH5132; According to the structural characteristics of the parts and components of the existing parallel mechanism and the practical requirements of machining, the structure of the components of the parallel worktable is studied and determined, and a new type of telescopic rod structure is proposed, which is driven by a step motor. The power is transferred to the ball wire rod through the gear reducer, and then the ball nut and the telescopic sleeve are used to achieve the telescopic effect. (3) the main parts of the worktable are modeled by the fully parameterized 3D drawing software Pro/E4.0. The virtual prototype of the parallel worktable is obtained by virtual assembly and interference inspection. (4) the kinematics simulation analysis of the virtual prototype is carried out through the mechanical system dynamics simulation software ADAMS. In order to verify the rationality of the position relationship and dimension between the parts of the parallel worktable, the rationality and maneuverability of the structure of the parallel worktable are further verified by the entity simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH112

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