【摘要】：風(fēng)電發(fā)電在當(dāng)今社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的地位越來越重要，這也意味著風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的耐用性的地位越來越顯著。要保證有限的經(jīng)濟(jì)投入前提下，有效地獲得更多的能源，進(jìn)而獲得更大的收益，是當(dāng)今社會(huì)的風(fēng)電發(fā)展的一項(xiàng)重要課題。隨著風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組的容量越來越大，風(fēng)電機(jī)在運(yùn)行中受到的載荷也就越來越大，這就等于出現(xiàn)意外的概率越來越高。這就說明，人類在發(fā)展風(fēng)力發(fā)電的同時(shí)，首先要考慮的就是風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的安全性及有效性。于是，無論是國家或地區(qū)，還是風(fēng)電企業(yè)，對(duì)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的壽命及其可靠性的研究越來越多。對(duì)機(jī)組要求越來越高，必然的，，為此所作的努力也越來越大。 對(duì)于風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)中各部分組件，傳動(dòng)部分也就是齒輪箱，占有著舉足輕重的地位，越來越多的學(xué)者將目光聚焦到對(duì)齒輪增速箱的研究上，尤其是近些年來，大多數(shù)國家希望在齒輪箱技術(shù)上的自有化，更是耗費(fèi)了大量的技術(shù)研究。對(duì)零件進(jìn)一步到系統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)分析、動(dòng)態(tài)分析，對(duì)零部件的結(jié)構(gòu)分析，對(duì)系統(tǒng)的可靠性分析，等等。而這所有的努力工作都是為了保證，齒輪箱傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的壽命能夠越來越長，以保證風(fēng)力發(fā)電的成果越來越顯著。 本文的主要目的就是為了對(duì)2MW風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)進(jìn)行分析，對(duì)其可靠性進(jìn)行研究，并進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。課題得到陜西省自然基金（2010JM7017）和陜西省教育廳項(xiàng)目（2010JK418）的資助，針對(duì)山東省某風(fēng)電科技集團(tuán)的2MW風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)進(jìn)行分析，對(duì)行星齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)和斜齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)分別說明，判斷他們各自在風(fēng)載變化下的影響。同時(shí)，對(duì)系統(tǒng)中的滾動(dòng)軸承的可靠性進(jìn)行分析說明，在優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的前提下，對(duì)軸承可靠性進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。本文的主要工作有： 首先，從整體分析2MW風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的物理模型，分別建立行星齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)和斜齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的物理模型。對(duì)各組成部分（齒輪副）進(jìn)行力學(xué)分析，討論他們的彈性變形，得出動(dòng)力學(xué)微分方程。同時(shí)，考慮到實(shí)際的風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的工作情況，分析了激勵(lì)力對(duì)系統(tǒng)的影響。 其次，利用數(shù)學(xué)方法，對(duì)系統(tǒng)的各微分方程進(jìn)行求解說明，考慮風(fēng)載變化的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)齒輪的使用系數(shù)、動(dòng)載系數(shù)和滾動(dòng)軸承的載荷系數(shù)進(jìn)行表達(dá)式說明，并利用MATLAB進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)求解。 接著，在對(duì)載荷系數(shù)說明的前提下，對(duì)系統(tǒng)的可靠性進(jìn)行評(píng)估。分別建立齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)與滾動(dòng)軸承的可靠性評(píng)估模型，得到串聯(lián)系統(tǒng)的可靠性評(píng)估模型，并計(jì)算相應(yīng)的可靠度。 最后，利用MATLAB的優(yōu)化工具箱，進(jìn)行齒輪箱系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)優(yōu)化。并利用優(yōu)化后的參數(shù)，重新選擇滾動(dòng)軸承，并對(duì)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的可靠性重新進(jìn)行計(jì)算說明，數(shù)據(jù)證明優(yōu)化后的齒輪箱體積變小，可靠度提高。
[Abstract]:Wind power generation is becoming more and more important in the social and economic development, which means that the durability of wind turbines is becoming more and more significant. Under the premise of limited economic investment, it is an important subject of wind power development to obtain more energy and gain more income. As the capacity of wind turbine becomes larger and larger, the load of wind turbine is more and more large in operation, which is equivalent to the higher probability of accidents. This shows that the safety and effectiveness of wind turbines should be considered in the development of wind power generation. Therefore, there are more and more researches on the life and reliability of wind turbines, whether in countries or regions or wind power enterprises. Higher and higher requirements for the unit, inevitably, this effort is also increasing. For the wind turbine components, the transmission part is the gearbox, which occupies a pivotal position. More and more scholars focus on the research of the gearbox, especially in recent years. Most countries want to be self-owned in gear box technology, but also spend a lot of technical research. Static analysis, dynamic analysis, structural analysis, reliability analysis, etc. All this hard work is to ensure that the gearbox drive system can live longer and longer to ensure that the results of wind power generation become more and more remarkable. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the parameters of the gear transmission system of 2MW wind turbine, study its reliability and optimize it. The project was funded by Shaanxi Provincial Natural Fund (2010 JM7017) and Shaanxi Provincial Education Department (2010 JK418), and analyzed the 2MW wind turbine of a wind power group in Shandong Province. The planetary gear transmission system and the helical gear transmission system were explained respectively. Judge their respective effects under wind load changes. At the same time, the reliability of rolling bearing in the system is analyzed, and the bearing reliability is optimized on the premise of optimizing the system parameters. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the physical models of planetary gear transmission system and helical gear transmission system are established from the overall analysis of the physical model of 2MW wind turbine. The mechanical analysis of each component (gear pair) is carried out, their elastic deformation is discussed, and the dynamic differential equation is obtained. At the same time, considering the actual working conditions of the wind turbine, the influence of the excitation force on the system is analyzed. Secondly, by using mathematical method, the differential equations of the system are solved and explained. On the basis of considering the variation of wind load, the use coefficient, dynamic load coefficient and load coefficient of rolling bearing are expressed. MATLAB is used to solve the problem. Then, the reliability of the system is evaluated on the premise of explaining the load coefficient. The reliability evaluation model of gear transmission system and rolling bearing is established, and the reliability evaluation model of series system is obtained, and the corresponding reliability is calculated. Finally, the optimization toolbox of MATLAB is used to optimize the parameters of the gearbox system. Using the optimized parameters, the rolling bearing is re-selected, and the reliability of the transmission system is recalculated. The data show that the optimized gear box is smaller in volume and higher in reliability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH132.41

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