本文選題：冷凝器 + 螺旋旋風(fēng)分離器��； 參考：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：冷卻器作為一種重要的液壓輔件,在液壓系統(tǒng)正常工作過程中具有重要作用。由于風(fēng)冷式冷卻器與冷媒式冷卻器相比,其冷卻效果差,無法徹底解決液壓系統(tǒng)油溫過高的問題。因此,有必要對適應(yīng)于工程機械的冷媒式冷卻器及其相關(guān)組成部件進行研究。本文所研究的冷凝器及螺旋旋風(fēng)分離器是為在多塵環(huán)境下工作的工程機械液壓系統(tǒng)所用冷媒式冷卻器的研發(fā)打下基礎(chǔ)。因此,分析粉塵在冷凝器換熱表面的沉積機理,采用合理的除塵方式降低氣流中的含塵量對冷媒式冷卻器的正常工作具有重要意義。 本文以某一應(yīng)用對象的液壓系統(tǒng)為例,根據(jù)計算所得散熱功率對翅片管冷凝器的結(jié)構(gòu)進行了設(shè)計計算。結(jié)合港口的大氣環(huán)境,分析了港口環(huán)境對冷凝器換熱效果所產(chǎn)生的影響。通過分析對比,本文選擇螺旋旋風(fēng)分離器作為多塵環(huán)境下冷媒式冷卻器的除塵裝置,并利用計算流體力學(xué)(CFD)分析方法,對分離器進行了數(shù)值模擬仿真。選擇基于各向異性的RSM模型對螺旋旋風(fēng)分離器內(nèi)的三維強旋流動進行了模擬,通過仿真得出了分離器內(nèi)的速度特性、壓力特性及湍流特性,從而揭示了螺旋旋風(fēng)分離器內(nèi)的流動狀態(tài)和能量損失。采用DPM模型對分離器內(nèi)的氣固兩相流動進行了模擬,得出了分離器的分級效率,并利用相間耦合的隨機軌道模型對顆粒的軌跡進行了跟蹤。在改變操作參數(shù)及結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了不同風(fēng)速、螺旋圈數(shù)及錐體高度時的分離特性。為分離器的結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化提供了依據(jù)。 利用計算得出的翅片管冷凝器結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),建立了翅片管的傳熱模型。通過數(shù)值模擬分析了翅片的對流耦合換熱,并得出了翅片換熱性能與風(fēng)速的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。本文對污垢的類別進行了闡述,建立了顆粒污垢的沉積模型,揭示了粉塵顆粒在換熱表面的沉積機理,并綜合分析了影響粉塵沉積的主要因素。此外,通過數(shù)值模擬得出了在不同污垢厚度下翅片管冷凝器的換熱特性。結(jié)果表明,污垢的增加將導(dǎo)致迎面風(fēng)速降低,流動阻力增加。與潔凈換熱表面相比,當(dāng)污垢厚度達到0.25mm時,翅片管的換熱量下降了16%。
[Abstract]:As an important hydraulic accessory, cooler plays an important role in the normal working process of hydraulic system. Because the cooling effect of air-cooled cooler is worse than that of refrigerant cooler, the problem of excessive oil temperature in hydraulic system can not be solved thoroughly. Therefore, it is necessary to study the refrigerant cooler and its components suitable for construction machinery. The condenser and spiral cyclone separator studied in this paper are the foundation for the research and development of refrigerant cooler used in hydraulic system of construction machinery working in multi-dust environment. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the deposition mechanism of dust on the heat transfer surface of condenser and to reduce the dust content in air flow by using reasonable dust removal method. In this paper, the structure of finned tube condenser is designed and calculated according to the calculated heat dissipation power, taking the hydraulic system of a certain application object as an example. Combined with the atmospheric environment of the port, the effect of port environment on the heat transfer effect of condenser is analyzed. Through the analysis and comparison, the spiral cyclone separator is selected as the dust removing device of the coolant cooler in multi-dust environment, and the numerical simulation of the separator is carried out by using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis method. The anisotropic RSM model is selected to simulate the three-dimensional strong swirl flow in the spiral cyclone separator. The velocity characteristics, pressure characteristics and turbulence characteristics in the cyclone separator are obtained by simulation. Thus, the flow state and energy loss in the spiral cyclone separator are revealed. A DPM model is used to simulate the gas-solid two-phase flow in the separator, and the classification efficiency of the separator is obtained. On the basis of changing the operating parameters and structural parameters, the separation characteristics of different wind speeds, the number of spiral cycles and the height of the cone are analyzed. It provides the basis for the structure optimization of the separator. The heat transfer model of finned tube was established by using the calculated structural parameters of finned tube condenser. The convection coupling heat transfer of the fin is analyzed by numerical simulation, and the corresponding relationship between the heat transfer performance and the wind speed of the fin is obtained. In this paper, the types of fouling are described, the deposition model of particulate fouling is established, the deposition mechanism of dust particles on heat transfer surface is revealed, and the main factors affecting dust deposition are comprehensively analyzed. In addition, the heat transfer characteristics of finned tube condenser with different fouling thickness are obtained by numerical simulation. The results show that the increase of fouling will result in the decrease of wind speed and the increase of flow resistance. Compared with the clean heat transfer surface, when the fouling thickness reaches 0.25mm, the heat transfer of the finned tube decreases by 16.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH137.8

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