本文選題：水蒸氣 + 天然工質(zhì)　； 參考：《北京工業(yè)大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：當今世界面臨著嚴峻的能源危機和環(huán)境危機�；茉唇咏萁撸茉纯偭抗┎粦�，嚴重影響我國國民經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展，也將導致世界經(jīng)濟危機和沖突的加劇。同時，臭氧層耗減和全球溫暖化，已成為日益嚴峻的全球環(huán)境問題。人工合成制冷劑絕大部分將擴散到大氣中，始終對生態(tài)環(huán)境存在著潛在危險。能源與環(huán)境的雙重危機使得尋求清潔高效的能量轉(zhuǎn)換技術成為人們共同關注的問題。 而熱泵因其熱量倍增和提高能源有效利用率的特點，早已被認為是工業(yè)過程合理化和實現(xiàn)節(jié)能的最合適的基本途徑之一，有助于緩解當今世界嚴峻的能源形勢，，而被廣泛推廣與應用。同時，水作為優(yōu)秀的天然替代工質(zhì)，因其環(huán)保、安全、廉價、容易獲得、能效較高等優(yōu)點，受到世界范圍的廣泛關注和研究。 將天然工質(zhì)水和節(jié)能效果優(yōu)良的熱泵系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合的典型系統(tǒng)，即為蒸汽再壓縮系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)具有環(huán)保、節(jié)能、系統(tǒng)簡化等諸多優(yōu)點，其原理是將蒸發(fā)器產(chǎn)生的二次蒸汽經(jīng)過壓縮機壓縮，使其壓力、溫度上升，增加熱焓之后，再作為蒸發(fā)器的熱源使用，將二次蒸汽中的潛熱得到充分利用，從而達到節(jié)能目的。 本文主要做了以下工作： (1)介紹了國內(nèi)外對于水蒸發(fā)壓縮系統(tǒng)的研究成果，并基于水制冷劑的性質(zhì)和蒸發(fā)再壓縮系統(tǒng)的特點，建立了一種用于蒸發(fā)的開式水蒸氣再壓縮式熱泵系統(tǒng)模型； (2)通過對系統(tǒng)循環(huán)過程、水的熱物理性質(zhì)、熱量傳遞和功的變化情況的分析，建立了該系統(tǒng)的分析模型；在認為蒸發(fā)換熱裝置能夠充分換熱的假設下，對不同工況，系統(tǒng)的功耗、換熱量與能效比等進行了分析計算，得出了系統(tǒng)性能指標的變化規(guī)律。之后，根據(jù)這種變化規(guī)律，確定出在實際應用過程中，最優(yōu)的系統(tǒng)工況； (3)并基于此最優(yōu)工況，對系統(tǒng)在穩(wěn)定運行狀態(tài)下的各點參數(shù)進行了計算，并進一步根據(jù)這些參數(shù)對蒸發(fā)裝置進行了初步的設計計算，確定其一些主要的參數(shù)，并對蒸發(fā)裝置的設計進行校核； (4)在蒸發(fā)裝置確定的情況下，對不同壓縮機吸、排氣壓力下系統(tǒng)的換熱量、能效比進行了計算，并對其隨壓縮機壓力比的變化規(guī)律進行了分析。
[Abstract]:Today the world is facing a severe energy crisis and environmental crisis. The fossil energy is nearly exhausted, the total energy supply exceeds the demand, which seriously affects the rapid development of the national economy of our country, and will also lead to the world economic crisis and the intensification of the conflict. At the same time, ozone depletion and global warming have become increasingly serious global environmental problems. Most of the synthetic refrigerants will diffuse into the atmosphere, which always has potential danger to the ecological environment. The dual crisis of energy and environment makes it a common concern to seek clean and efficient energy conversion technology. Heat pumps, because of their characteristics of doubling heat and improving the efficiency of energy utilization, have long been considered as one of the most suitable basic ways to rationalize industrial processes and achieve energy conservation, which will help to alleviate the severe energy situation in the world today. It has been widely popularized and applied. At the same time, water, as an excellent natural alternative, has attracted worldwide attention for its advantages of environmental protection, safety, low cost, easy access and high energy efficiency. The typical system which combines the natural working fluid water with the heat pump system with good energy saving effect is the steam recompression system. The system has many advantages, such as environmental protection, energy saving, system simplification and so on. Its principle is that the secondary steam produced by the evaporator is compressed through the compressor to increase its pressure and temperature, increase the enthalpy, and then be used as the heat source of the evaporator. The latent heat in the secondary steam is fully utilized to achieve the purpose of energy saving. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the research results of water evaporative compression system at home and abroad are introduced, and based on the properties of water refrigerant and the characteristics of evaporative recompression system, An open steam recompression heat pump system model for evaporation is established. Under the assumption that the evaporative heat exchanger can fully heat transfer, the power consumption, heat transfer and energy efficiency ratio of the system under different working conditions are analyzed and calculated, and the variation law of the system performance index is obtained. Then, according to the law of change, the optimal system working condition is determined in the practical application process; and based on this optimal condition, the parameters of each point in the stable operation state of the system are calculated. According to these parameters, a preliminary design calculation of the evaporator is carried out, some of its main parameters are determined, and the design of the evaporating device is checked. The heat transfer and energy efficiency ratio of the system are calculated under the exhaust pressure, and the variation law of the system with the compressor pressure ratio is analyzed.
【學位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH38

【參考文獻】

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